Best practices for asynchronous and non-blocking programming using PHP functions?

Best practices indicate that when implementing asynchronous and non-blocking programming in PHP, the following functions should be used: curl_multi_init() and curl_multi_exec(): Execute cURL requests asynchronously. stream_socket_client() and stream_select(): Asynchronously establish and read network sockets. mysqli_poll(): Execute MySQL queries asynchronously.

Best practices for asynchronous and non-blocking programming using PHP functions

Preface

Implementing asynchronous and non-blocking programming in PHP can significantly improve the performance and scalability of large and data-intensive applications. This article will explore how to use PHP functions to implement asynchronous and non-blocking programming, while providing practical cases and code examples.

Asynchronous Programming

Asynchronous programming allows an application to continue performing other tasks while waiting for an I/O operation (such as a database query or network request) to complete. This is accomplished by using an event loop or callbacks to notify the application when the operation is complete.

Non-blocking programming

Non-blocking programming is a programming paradigm that allows an application to perform other tasks without waiting for I/O operations to complete. This is in contrast to blocking programming, which blocks application execution until the operation is completed.

Asynchronous functions in PHP

PHP provides a variety of functions for asynchronous programming, including:

• curl_multi_init () and curl_multi_exec(): Asynchronously execute multiple cURL requests
• stream_socket_client() and stream_select(): Asynchronous creation And read network socket
• mysqli_poll(): Asynchronous execution of MySQL query

Practical case

Asynchronous cURL requests

<?php
$url = 'https://example.com';

$ch = curl_multi_init();
$curl_handle = curl_init($url);

curl_multi_add_handle($ch, $curl_handle);
curl_multi_exec($ch, $running);

while ($running) {
    curl_multi_exec($ch, $running);
    sleep(1); // 等待 1 秒，避免 CPU 开销过大
}

curl_multi_remove_handle($ch, $curl_handle);
curl_multi_close($ch);

Asynchronous MySQL queries

<?php
$mysqli = new mysqli('localhost', 'username', 'password', 'database');

$query = 'SELECT * FROM users';

$stmt = $mysqli->prepare($query);
$stmt->execute();

while ($result = $stmt->fetch()) {
    // 处理结果
}

$stmt->close();

Best Practices

• Use asynchronous and non-blocking appropriately: Use asynchronous and non-blocking programming only when needed, such as to handle large I/O operations.
• Keep code readable: Asynchronous and non-blocking code can be difficult to understand, so use clear naming and comments.
• Handling Errors: Ensure that errors occurring in async functions are handled appropriately to avoid application crashes.
• Monitoring and Tuning: Closely monitor the performance of your application and adjust the use of asynchronous and non-blocking functions as needed.

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