PHP unit testing and error handling practice

Unit testing makes it easy and fast to test code through the PHPUnit framework, and error handling uses exceptions to catch and handle runtime errors. Exception handling uses try...catch statements to capture exceptions, while error reporting configures error types through error_reporting() and actively triggers errors using trigger_error().

Practice of PHP unit testing and error handling

Introduction

Unit testing and error handling are crucial aspects of software development. PHP provides a comprehensive set of tools and best practices to help you write robust and maintainable code. This article discusses how to use PHP unit testing and error handling effectively.

Unit Testing

Introduction to PHPUnit

PHPUnit is the leading unit testing framework for PHP. It provides a variety of assertions, mocks, and stubs to let you test your code quickly and easily.

Practical case

Consider the following code snippet, which is a simple calculator function:

function calculate($a, $b, $operation) {
    switch ($operation) {
        case 'add':
            return $a + $b;
        case 'subtract':
            return $a - $b;
        default:
            throw new InvalidArgumentException('Invalid operation');
    }
}

You can use PHPUnit to write a unit test to Test this function as follows:

use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;

class CalculatorTest extends TestCase {

    public function testAdd() {
        $this->assertEquals(5, calculate(2, 3, 'add'));
    }

    public function testSubtract() {
        $this->assertEquals(1, calculate(3, 2, 'subtract'));
    }

    public function testInvalidOperation() {
        $this->expectException(InvalidArgumentException::class);
        calculate(1, 2, 'multiply');
    }
}

Error handling

Exception handling

Exceptions in PHP are used Special object for handling runtime errors. You can catch and handle exceptions using the try...catch statement as follows:

try {
    // 代码可能会抛出异常
} catch (Exception $e) {
    // 捕获异常并进行处理
}

Error Reporting

PHP Error Reporting is used for Log error messages and warnings in your code. You can use the error_reporting() function to configure the types of errors to be reported, and the trigger_error() function to actively trigger errors.

Practical Case

Consider the following code snippet, which attempts to open a file that does not exist:

$handle = fopen('nonexistent.txt', 'r');

You can use error handling to catch and handle This error looks like this:

set_error_handler(function($errno, $errstr, $errfile, $errline, $errcontext) {
    echo 'Error: ' . $errstr . "\n";
});

try {
    $handle = fopen('nonexistent.txt', 'r');
} catch (Exception $e) {
    // 该异常在错误处理程序中被捕获，因此不会执行
}

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