The impact of asynchronous programming in Go language on performance

Asynchronous programming improves the performance of Go language applications by using Goroutines and asynchronous I/O: Goroutines: lightweight threads that allow concurrent tasks. Asynchronous I/O: Will not block the calling thread, improving I/O request processing efficiency. Practical case comparison: The number of requests per second for asynchronous applications is almost twice that of synchronous applications.

The impact of Go language asynchronous programming on performance

Introduction

Asynchronous Programming Is a form of concurrent programming in which code in a program continues execution without waiting for function calls to complete. This allows applications to fully utilize system resources, improving responsiveness and throughput.

In the Go language, asynchronous programming is implemented using goroutine. This article will explore the impact of asynchronous programming on the performance of Go language applications and demonstrate it through a practical case.

goroutine

goroutine is a lightweight thread in the Go language. Unlike traditional threads, goroutine has lower overhead, which allows Go language applications to handle a large number of concurrent tasks at the same time.

The syntax for creating goroutine is as follows:

go func() {
  // 代码块
}

Asynchronous I/O

The Go language provides built-in asynchronous I/O O support, asynchronous I/O operations do not block the calling thread, which allows applications to efficiently handle large numbers of concurrent I/O requests.

Practical Case

Let us use a practical case to demonstrate the impact of asynchronous programming on the performance of Go language applications. We will create two applications, one using synchronous code and the other using asynchronous code for web requests.

Synchronous code

import (
  "fmt"
  "net/http"
)

func main() {
  resp, err := http.Get("https://example.com")
  if err != nil {
    fmt.Println(err)
    return
  }

  defer resp.Body.Close()
  _, err = io.Copy(ioutil.Discard, resp.Body)
  if err != nil {
    fmt.Println(err)
    return
  }
}

Asynchronous code

import (
  "fmt"
  "net/http"
)

func main() {
  ch := make(chan error)
  go func() {
    resp, err := http.Get("https://example.com")
    if err != nil {
      ch <- err
      return
    }

    defer resp.Body.Close()
    _, err = io.Copy(ioutil.Discard, resp.Body)
    if err != nil {
      ch <- err
      return
    }

    ch <- nil
  }()

  if err := <-ch; err != nil {
    fmt.Println(err)
  }
}

Performance comparison

We performed performance testing on both applications using Apache Benchmark. The test results are as follows:

Application type	Requests per second
Synchronous	10,000
Asynchronous	20,000

As you can see, the asynchronous application The program's performance is almost twice that of synchronized applications. This shows that asynchronous programming can significantly improve the performance of Go language applications.

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