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php生成UUID

Jun 06, 2016 am 09:52 AM
php code Open source programming programming language software development

UUID含义是 通用唯一识别码 (Universally Unique Identifier),这 是一个软件建构的标准,也是被开源软件基金会 (Open Software Foundation, OSF) 的组织应用在分布式计算环境 (Distributed Computing Environment, DCE) 领域的一部分。 

UUID 的目的,是让分布式系统中的所有元素,都能有唯一的辨识资讯,而不需要透过中央控制端来做辨识资讯的指定。如此一来,每个人都可以建立不与其它人冲突的 UUID。在这样的情况下,就不需考虑数据库建立时的名称重复问题。目前最广泛应用的 UUID,即是微软的 Microsoft's Globally Unique Identifiers (GUIDs),而其他重要的应用,则有 Linux ext2/ext3 档案系统、LUKS 加密分割区、GNOME、KDE、Mac OS X 等等。 

UUID是指在一台机器上生成的数字,它保证对在同一时空中的所有机器都是唯一的。通常平台会提供生成的API。按照开放软件基金会(OSF)制定的标准计算,用到了以太网卡地址、纳秒级时间、芯片ID码和许多可能的数字 
UUID由以下几部分的组合: 
(1)当前日期和时间,UUID的第一个部分与时间有关,如果你在生成一个UUID之后,过几秒又生成一个UUID,则第一个部分不同,其余相同。 
(2)时钟序列。 
(3)全局唯一的IEEE机器识别号,如果有网卡,从网卡MAC地址获得,没有网卡以其他方式获得。 
UUID的唯一缺陷在于生成的结果串会比较长。关于UUID这个标准使用最普遍的是微软的GUID(Globals Unique Identifiers)。在ColdFusion中可以用CreateUUID()函数很简单地生成UUID,其格式为:xxxxxxxx-xxxx- xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx(8-4-4-16),其中每个 x 是 0-9 或 a-f 范围内的一个十六进制的数字。 
而 标准的UUID格式为:xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxx (8-4-4-4-12),可以从cflib 下载CreateGUID() UDF进行转换。 

第一种,PHP代码如下: 

function create_guid(){ 
    $microTime = microtime(); 
    list($a_dec, $a_sec) = explode(" ", $microTime); 
    $dec_hex = dechex($a_dec* 1000000); 
    $sec_hex = dechex($a_sec); 
    ensure_length($dec_hex, 5); 
    ensure_length($sec_hex, 6); 
    $guid = ""; 
    $guid .= $dec_hex; 
    $guid .= create_guid_section(3); 
    $guid .= '-'; 
    $guid .= create_guid_section(4); 
    $guid .= '-'; 
    $guid .= create_guid_section(4); 
    $guid .= '-'; 
    $guid .= create_guid_section(4); 
    $guid .= '-'; 
    $guid .= $sec_hex; 
    $guid .= create_guid_section(6); 
    return $guid; 
} 

function ensure_length(&$string, $length){    
    $strlen = strlen($string);    
    if($strlen  
    {    
        $string = str_pad($string,$length,"0");    
    }    
    else if($strlen > $length)    
    {    
        $string = substr($string, 0, $length);    
    }   
 } 

function create_guid_section($characters){ 
    $return = ""; 
    for($i=0; $i 
    { 
        $return .= dechex(mt_rand(0,15)); 
    } 
    return $return; 
} 

echo create_guid();

第二种,PHP代码如下:

function create_uuid($prefix = ""){    //可以指定前缀
    $str = md5(uniqid(mt_rand(), true));   
    $uuid  = substr($str,0,8) . '-';   
    $uuid .= substr($str,8,4) . '-';   
    $uuid .= substr($str,12,4) . '-';   
    $uuid .= substr($str,16,4) . '-';   
    $uuid .= substr($str,20,12);   
    return $prefix . $uuid;
}

echo create_uuid();

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