php生成UUID
UUID含义是 通用唯一识别码 (Universally Unique Identifier),这 是一个软件建构的标准,也是被开源软件基金会 (Open Software Foundation, OSF) 的组织应用在分布式计算环境 (Distributed Computing Environment, DCE) 领域的一部分。
UUID 的目的,是让分布式系统中的所有元素,都能有唯一的辨识资讯,而不需要透过中央控制端来做辨识资讯的指定。如此一来,每个人都可以建立不与其它人冲突的 UUID。在这样的情况下,就不需考虑数据库建立时的名称重复问题。目前最广泛应用的 UUID,即是微软的 Microsoft's Globally Unique Identifiers (GUIDs),而其他重要的应用,则有 Linux ext2/ext3 档案系统、LUKS 加密分割区、GNOME、KDE、Mac OS X 等等。
UUID是指在一台机器上生成的数字,它保证对在同一时空中的所有机器都是唯一的。通常平台会提供生成的API。按照开放软件基金会(OSF)制定的标准计算,用到了以太网卡地址、纳秒级时间、芯片ID码和许多可能的数字
UUID由以下几部分的组合:
(1)当前日期和时间,UUID的第一个部分与时间有关,如果你在生成一个UUID之后,过几秒又生成一个UUID,则第一个部分不同,其余相同。
(2)时钟序列。
(3)全局唯一的IEEE机器识别号,如果有网卡,从网卡MAC地址获得,没有网卡以其他方式获得。
UUID的唯一缺陷在于生成的结果串会比较长。关于UUID这个标准使用最普遍的是微软的GUID(Globals Unique Identifiers)。在ColdFusion中可以用CreateUUID()函数很简单地生成UUID,其格式为:xxxxxxxx-xxxx- xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx(8-4-4-16),其中每个 x 是 0-9 或 a-f 范围内的一个十六进制的数字。
而 标准的UUID格式为:xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxx (8-4-4-4-12),可以从cflib 下载CreateGUID() UDF进行转换。
第一种,PHP代码如下:
function create_guid(){
$microTime = microtime();
list($a_dec, $a_sec) = explode(" ", $microTime);
$dec_hex = dechex($a_dec* 1000000);
$sec_hex = dechex($a_sec);
ensure_length($dec_hex, 5);
ensure_length($sec_hex, 6);
$guid = "";
$guid .= $dec_hex;
$guid .= create_guid_section(3);
$guid .= '-';
$guid .= create_guid_section(4);
$guid .= '-';
$guid .= create_guid_section(4);
$guid .= '-';
$guid .= create_guid_section(4);
$guid .= '-';
$guid .= $sec_hex;
$guid .= create_guid_section(6);
return $guid;
}
function ensure_length(&$string, $length){
$strlen = strlen($string);
if($strlen
{
$string = str_pad($string,$length,"0");
}
else if($strlen > $length)
{
$string = substr($string, 0, $length);
}
}
function create_guid_section($characters){
$return = "";
for($i=0; $i
{
$return .= dechex(mt_rand(0,15));
}
return $return;
}
echo create_guid();
第二种,PHP代码如下:
function create_uuid($prefix = ""){ //可以指定前缀
$str = md5(uniqid(mt_rand(), true));
$uuid = substr($str,0,8) . '-';
$uuid .= substr($str,8,4) . '-';
$uuid .= substr($str,12,4) . '-';
$uuid .= substr($str,16,4) . '-';
$uuid .= substr($str,20,12);
return $prefix . $uuid;
}
echo create_uuid();

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