Home Backend Development Python Tutorial 在Python中的Django框架中进行字符串翻译

在Python中的Django框架中进行字符串翻译

Jun 06, 2016 am 11:13 AM
django

使用函数 ugettext() 来指定一个翻译字符串。 作为惯例,使用短别名 _ 来引入这个函数以节省键入时间.

在下面这个例子中,文本 "Welcome to my site" 被标记为待翻译字符串:

from django.utils.translation import ugettext as _

def my_view(request):
  output = _("Welcome to my site.")
  return HttpResponse(output)

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显然,你也可以不使用别名来编码。 下面这个例子和前面两个例子相同:

from django.utils.translation import ugettext

def my_view(request):
  output = ugettext("Welcome to my site.")
  return HttpResponse(output)

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翻译字符串对于计算出来的值同样有效。 下面这个例子等同前面一种:

def my_view(request):
  words = ['Welcome', 'to', 'my', 'site.']
  output = _(' '.join(words))
  return HttpResponse(output)

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翻译对变量也同样有效。 这里是一个同样的例子:

def my_view(request):
  sentence = 'Welcome to my site.'
  output = _(sentence)
  return HttpResponse(output)

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(以上两个例子中,对于使用变量或计算值,需要注意的一点是Django的待翻译字符串检测工具, make-messages.py ,将不能找到这些字符串。 稍后,在 makemessages 中会有更多讨论。)你传递给 _() 或 gettext() 的字符串可以接受占位符,由Python标准命名字符串插入句法指定的。 例如:

def my_view(request, m, d):
  output = _('Today is %(month)s %(day)s.') % {'month': m, 'day': d}
  return HttpResponse(output)

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这项技术使得特定语言的译文可以对这段文本进行重新排序。 比如,一段英语译文可能是 "Today is November 26." ,而一段西班牙语译文会是 "Hoy es 26 de Noviembre." 使用占位符(月份和日期)交换它们的位置。

由于这个原因,无论何时当你有多于一个单一参数时,你应当使用命名字符串插入(例如: %(day)s )来替代位置插入(例如: %s or %d )。 如果你使用位置插入的话,翻译动作将不能重新排序占位符文本。

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