Home Backend Development Python Tutorial 剖析Django中模版标签的解析与参数传递

剖析Django中模版标签的解析与参数传递

Jun 06, 2016 am 11:13 AM
django

分析直至另一个模板标签

模板标签可以像包含其它标签的块一样工作(想想 {% if %} 、 {% for %} 等)。 要创建一个这样的模板标签,在你的编译函数中使用 parser.parse() 。

标准的 {% comment %} 标签是这样实现的:

def do_comment(parser, token):
  nodelist = parser.parse(('endcomment',))
  parser.delete_first_token()
  return CommentNode()

class CommentNode(template.Node):
  def render(self, context):
    return ''

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parser.parse() 接收一个包含了需要分析的模板标签名的元组作为参数。 它返回一个django.template.NodeList实例,它是一个包含了所有Node对象的列表,这些对象是解析器在解析到任一元组中指定的标签之前遇到的内容.

因此在前面的例子中, nodelist 是在 {% comment %} 和 {% endcomment %} 之间所有节点的列表,不包括 {% comment %} 和 {% endcomment %} 自身。

在 parser.parse() 被调用之后,分析器还没有清除 {% endcomment %} 标签,因此代码需要显式地调用 parser.delete_first_token() 来防止该标签被处理两次。

之后 CommentNode.render() 只是简单地返回一个空字符串。 在 {% comment %} 和 {% endcomment %} 之间的所有内容都被忽略。
分析直至另外一个模板标签并保存内容

在前一个例子中, do_comment() 抛弃了{% comment %} 和 {% endcomment %} 之间的所有内容。当然也可以修改和利用下标签之间的这些内容。

例如,这个自定义模板标签{% upper %},它会把它自己和{% endupper %}之间的内容变成大写:

{% upper %}
  This will appear in uppercase, {{ user_name }}.
{% endupper %}

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就像前面的例子一样,我们将使用 parser.parse() 。这次,我们将产生的 nodelist 传递给 Node :

def do_upper(parser, token):
  nodelist = parser.parse(('endupper',))
  parser.delete_first_token()
  return UpperNode(nodelist)

class UpperNode(template.Node):
  def __init__(self, nodelist):
    self.nodelist = nodelist

  def render(self, context):
    output = self.nodelist.render(context)
    return output.upper()

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这里唯一的一个新概念是 UpperNode.render() 中的 self.nodelist.render(context) 。它对节点列表中的每个 Node 简单的调用 render() 。

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