深入讲解Python编程中的字符串
Python转义字符
在需要在字符中使用特殊字符时，python用反斜杠(\)转义字符。如下表：
Python字符串运算符
下表实例变量a值为字符串"Hello"，b变量值为"Python"：
Python字符串格式化
Python 支持格式化字符串的输出 。尽管这样可能会用到非常复杂的表达式，但最基本的用法是将一个值插入到一个有字符串格式符 %s 的字符串中。
在 Python 中，字符串格式化使用与 C 中 sprintf 函数一样的语法。
如下实例：
#!/usr/bin/python
print "My name is %s and weight is %d kg!" % ('Zara', 21)
以上实例输出结果：
My name is Zara and weight is 21 kg!
python字符串格式化符号:
格式化操作符辅助指令:
Python三引号（triple quotes）
python中三引号可以将复杂的字符串进行复制:
python三引号允许一个字符串跨多行，字符串中可以包含换行符、制表符以及其他特殊字符。
三引号的语法是一对连续的单引号或者双引号（通常都是成对的用）。
>>> hi = '''hi there''' >>> hi # repr() 'hi\nthere' >>> print hi # str() hi there
三引号让程序员从引号和特殊字符串的泥潭里面解脱出来，自始至终保持一小块字符串的格式是所谓的WYSIWYG（所见即所得）格式的。
一个典型的用例是，当你需要一块HTML或者SQL时，这时用字符串组合，特殊字符串转义将会非常的繁琐。
errHTML = '''
<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>
Friends CGI Demo</TITLE></HEAD>
<BODY><h3 id="ERROR">ERROR</h3>
<B>%s</B><P>
<FORM><INPUT TYPE=button VALUE=Back
ONCLICK="window.history.back()"></FORM>
</BODY></HTML>
'''
cursor.execute('''
CREATE TABLE users (
login VARCHAR(8),
uid INTEGER,
prid INTEGER)
''')
Unicode 字符串
Python 中定义一个 Unicode 字符串和定义一个普通字符串一样简单：
>>> u'Hello World !' u'Hello World !'
引号前小写的"u"表示这里创建的是一个 Unicode 字符串。如果你想加入一个特殊字符，可以使用 Python 的 Unicode-Escape 编码。如下例所示：
>>> u'Hello\u0020World !' u'Hello World !'
被替换的 \u0020 标识表示在给定位置插入编码值为 0x0020 的 Unicode 字符（空格符）。
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