Python os模块中的isfile()和isdir()函数均返回false问题解决方法
今天在写一个linux下自动备份指定目录下的所有目录的脚本时,遇到了一个问题,由于我是需要备份目录,所以,需要判断扫描的文件是否为目录,当我用os.path.isdir()来判断的时候,发现所有文件均返回false,刚开始以为是系统兼容性问题,进一步测试,发现用os.path.isfile(),这些文件还是返回false,这肯定就是程序写的有问题了,代码如下:
#!/usr/bin/env python # a python script to auto backup a directory's file by Hito import os Directory=raw_input("Please enter directory you want to backup:") dirs=os.listdir(Directory) for filename in dirs: if os.path.isdir(filename): os.system("tar czvf "+filename+".tar.gz "+filename)
经过仔细排查,在上面的for/in循环中,filename实际上只是一个文件名。测试发现,当我使用os.path.isdir(目录的绝对路径)的时候,返回的才是true,也就是说,python的isdir()并不像php的is_dir()那样,可以使用当前工作目录的相对路径,那么这里怎么样去改进这个备份文件呢?幸好python提供了一个os.path.join()函数,自动来把需要的路径加到一块,而不用担心手动把路径字符串连接起来时,产生多余的”/”的问题,那么这个备份脚本可以这样写:
#!/usr/bin/env python # a python script to auto backup a directory's file by Hito import os Directory=raw_input("Please enter directory you want to backup:") dirs=os.listdir(Directory) for filename in dirs: fulldirfile=os.path.join(Directory,filename) if os.path.isdir(fulldirfile): os.system("tar czvf "+fulldirfile+".tar.gz "+fulldirfile)

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