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小结Python用fork来创建子进程注意事项

Jun 06, 2016 am 11:31 AM
fork python

自己随手写了Python下 fork 进程的测试代码(来说明这个问题不一定完全合适):

def fork(a):
 def now():
  import datetime
  return datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%S.%f")
 import os
 import time
 print now(), a
 if os.fork() == 0:
  print '子进程[%s]:%s' % (now(), os.getpid())
  while 1:
   a-=10
   print '子进程的a值[%s]:%s' % (now(), a)
   if a < 1:
    break
  print '准备退出子进程'
  #os._exit(0) ## 你可以在这里退出子进程
 else:
  print '父进程[%s]:%s' % (now(), os.getpid())
  while 1:
   a-=1
   print '父进程的a值[%s]:%s' % (now(), a)
   if a < 0:
    break
  time.sleep(1)
  print '等待子进程结束...'
  try:
   result = os.wait()
   if result:
    print '子进程:', result[0], result[1]
   else:
    print '没有数据!'
  except:
   print '异常哦...'
  print '父进程...'
 print '最后的值:',a
 #exit(0) ## 你也可以在这里退出,注意,这里是父进程和子进程都共用的地方,在这里退出会导致父进程也一并退出
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TIPS:

os.fork() 会有两次返回值,分别是父进程和子进程的返回值
在父进程中,fork返回的值是子进程的PID;
子进程中,这个返回值为0
子进程会复制父进程的上下文
父子进程并不能确定执行顺序
os.fork() 之后,子进程一定要使用 exit() 或者 os._exit() 来退出子进程环境,建议使用 os._exit()
os.fork() 来创建子进程的这个代码并不是很通适,Linux是没问题的,在Windows下就是不能用的,而官方文档也有类似表述:

Note that some platforms including FreeBSD <= 6.3, Cygwin and OS/2 EMX have known issues when using fork() from a thread
Availability: Unix.
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