Home php教程 php手册 常见PHP数据库解决方案分析介绍

常见PHP数据库解决方案分析介绍

Jun 06, 2016 pm 07:43 PM
data

您可以用很多的方式创建PHP数据库设计、数据库访问和基于数据库的 PHP 业务逻辑代码,但最终一般以错误告终。本文说明了数据库设计和访问数据库的PHP代码中出现

我们在使用PHP连接数据库的时候会遇到很多问题,文章这里揭露PHP应用程序中出现的常见数据库问题 —— 包括数据库模式设计、数据库访问和使用数据库的业务逻辑代码 —— 以及它们的解决方案。如果只有一种方式使用数据库是正确的。

常见PHP数据库解决方案分析介绍

 

PHP数据库问题:直接使用MySQL

一个常见问题是较老的 PHP 代码直接使用 mysql_ 函数来访问数据库。清单 1 展示了如何直接访问数据库。

清单 1. Access/get.php

<?php function get_user_id( $name ) { $db = mysql_connect( 'localhost', 'root', 'password' ); mysql_select_db( 'users' ); $res = mysql_query( "SELECT id FROM users WHERE login='".$name."'" ); while( $row = mysql_fetch_array( $res ) ) { $id = $row[0]; } return $id; } var_dump( get_user_id( 'jack' ) ); ?>

注意使用了 mysql_connect 函数来访问数据库。还要注意查询,其中使用字符串连接来向查询添加 $name 参数。该技术有两个很好的替代方案:PEAR DB 模块和 PHP Data Objects (PDO) 类。两者都从特定数据库选择提供抽象。因此,您的代码无需太多调整就可以在 IBM? DB2?、MySQL、PostgreSQL 或者您想要连接到的任何其他数据库上运行。使用 PEAR DB 模块和 PDO 抽象层的另一个价值在于您可以在 SQL 语句中使用 ? 操作符。这样做可使 SQL 更加易于维护,且可使您的应用程序免受SQL 注入攻击。

清单 2. Access/get_good.php

<?php require_once("DB.php"); function get_user_id( $name ) { $dsn = 'mysql://root:password@localhost/users'; $db =& DB::Connect( $dsn, array() ); if (PEAR::isError($db)) { die($db->getMessage()); } $res = $db->query( 'SELECT id FROM users WHERE login=?',array( $name ) ); $id = null; while( $res->fetchInto( $row ) ) { $id = $row[0]; } return $id; } var_dump( get_user_id( 'jack' ) ); ?>

注意,所有直接用到 MySQL 的地方都消除了,只有 $dsn 中的数据库连接字符串除外。此外,我们通过 ? 操作符在 SQL 中使用 $name 变量。然后,查询的数据通过 query() 方法末尾的 array 被发送进来。

PHP数据库问题 :不使用自动增量功能

与大多数现代数据库一样,MySQL 能够在每记录的基础上创建自动增量惟一标识符。除此之外,我们仍然会看到这样的代码,即首先运行一个 SELECT 语句来找到最大的 id,然后将该 id 增 1,并找到一个新记录。清单 3 展示了一个示例坏模式。

清单 3. Badid.sql

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS users; CREATE TABLE users ( id MEDIUMINT, login TEXT, password TEXT ); INSERT INTO users VALUES ( 1, 'jack', 'pass' ); INSERT INTO users VALUES ( 2, 'joan', 'pass' ); INSERT INTO users VALUES ( 1, 'jane', 'pass' );

这里的 id 字段被简单地指定为整数。所以,尽管它应该是惟一的,我们还是可以添加任何值,如 CREATE 语句后面的几个 INSERT 语句中所示。清单 4 展示了将用户添加到这种类型的模式的 PHP 代码。

清单 4. Add_user.php

add_user.php 中的代码首先执行一个查询以找到 id 的最大值。然后文件以 id 值加 1 运行一个 INSERT 语句。该代码在负载很重的服务器上会在竞态条件中失败。另外,,它也效率低下。那么替代方案是什么呢?使用 MySQL 中的自动增量特性来自动地为每个插入创建惟一的 ID。

<?php require_once("DB.php"); function add_user( $name, $pass ) { $rows = array(); $dsn = 'mysql://root:password@localhost/bad_badid'; $db =& DB::Connect( $dsn, array() ); if (PEAR::isError($db)) { die($db->getMessage()); } $res = $db->query( "SELECT max(id) FROM users" ); $id = null; while( $res->fetchInto( $row ) ) { $id = $row[0]; } $id += 1; $sth = $db->prepare( "INSERT INTO users VALUES(?,?,?)" ); $db->execute( $sth, array( $id, $name, $pass ) ); return $id; } $id = add_user( 'jerry', 'pass' ); var_dump( $id ); ?>

希望通过本文的介绍,能够让你对PHP数据库解决方案,更加了解。

Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator

AI Hentai Generator

Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

R.E.P.O. Energy Crystals Explained and What They Do (Yellow Crystal)
2 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. Best Graphic Settings
2 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. How to Fix Audio if You Can't Hear Anyone
2 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Use ddrescue to recover data on Linux Use ddrescue to recover data on Linux Mar 20, 2024 pm 01:37 PM

DDREASE is a tool for recovering data from file or block devices such as hard drives, SSDs, RAM disks, CDs, DVDs and USB storage devices. It copies data from one block device to another, leaving corrupted data blocks behind and moving only good data blocks. ddreasue is a powerful recovery tool that is fully automated as it does not require any interference during recovery operations. Additionally, thanks to the ddasue map file, it can be stopped and resumed at any time. Other key features of DDREASE are as follows: It does not overwrite recovered data but fills the gaps in case of iterative recovery. However, it can be truncated if the tool is instructed to do so explicitly. Recover data from multiple files or blocks to a single

Open source! Beyond ZoeDepth! DepthFM: Fast and accurate monocular depth estimation! Open source! Beyond ZoeDepth! DepthFM: Fast and accurate monocular depth estimation! Apr 03, 2024 pm 12:04 PM

0.What does this article do? We propose DepthFM: a versatile and fast state-of-the-art generative monocular depth estimation model. In addition to traditional depth estimation tasks, DepthFM also demonstrates state-of-the-art capabilities in downstream tasks such as depth inpainting. DepthFM is efficient and can synthesize depth maps within a few inference steps. Let’s read about this work together ~ 1. Paper information title: DepthFM: FastMonocularDepthEstimationwithFlowMatching Author: MingGui, JohannesS.Fischer, UlrichPrestel, PingchuanMa, Dmytr

How to use Excel filter function with multiple conditions How to use Excel filter function with multiple conditions Feb 26, 2024 am 10:19 AM

If you need to know how to use filtering with multiple criteria in Excel, the following tutorial will guide you through the steps to ensure you can filter and sort your data effectively. Excel's filtering function is very powerful and can help you extract the information you need from large amounts of data. This function can filter data according to the conditions you set and display only the parts that meet the conditions, making data management more efficient. By using the filter function, you can quickly find target data, saving time in finding and organizing data. This function can not only be applied to simple data lists, but can also be filtered based on multiple conditions to help you locate the information you need more accurately. Overall, Excel’s filtering function is a very practical

Google is ecstatic: JAX performance surpasses Pytorch and TensorFlow! It may become the fastest choice for GPU inference training Google is ecstatic: JAX performance surpasses Pytorch and TensorFlow! It may become the fastest choice for GPU inference training Apr 01, 2024 pm 07:46 PM

The performance of JAX, promoted by Google, has surpassed that of Pytorch and TensorFlow in recent benchmark tests, ranking first in 7 indicators. And the test was not done on the TPU with the best JAX performance. Although among developers, Pytorch is still more popular than Tensorflow. But in the future, perhaps more large models will be trained and run based on the JAX platform. Models Recently, the Keras team benchmarked three backends (TensorFlow, JAX, PyTorch) with the native PyTorch implementation and Keras2 with TensorFlow. First, they select a set of mainstream

Slow Cellular Data Internet Speeds on iPhone: Fixes Slow Cellular Data Internet Speeds on iPhone: Fixes May 03, 2024 pm 09:01 PM

Facing lag, slow mobile data connection on iPhone? Typically, the strength of cellular internet on your phone depends on several factors such as region, cellular network type, roaming type, etc. There are some things you can do to get a faster, more reliable cellular Internet connection. Fix 1 – Force Restart iPhone Sometimes, force restarting your device just resets a lot of things, including the cellular connection. Step 1 – Just press the volume up key once and release. Next, press the Volume Down key and release it again. Step 2 – The next part of the process is to hold the button on the right side. Let the iPhone finish restarting. Enable cellular data and check network speed. Check again Fix 2 – Change data mode While 5G offers better network speeds, it works better when the signal is weaker

The vitality of super intelligence awakens! But with the arrival of self-updating AI, mothers no longer have to worry about data bottlenecks The vitality of super intelligence awakens! But with the arrival of self-updating AI, mothers no longer have to worry about data bottlenecks Apr 29, 2024 pm 06:55 PM

I cry to death. The world is madly building big models. The data on the Internet is not enough. It is not enough at all. The training model looks like "The Hunger Games", and AI researchers around the world are worrying about how to feed these data voracious eaters. This problem is particularly prominent in multi-modal tasks. At a time when nothing could be done, a start-up team from the Department of Renmin University of China used its own new model to become the first in China to make "model-generated data feed itself" a reality. Moreover, it is a two-pronged approach on the understanding side and the generation side. Both sides can generate high-quality, multi-modal new data and provide data feedback to the model itself. What is a model? Awaker 1.0, a large multi-modal model that just appeared on the Zhongguancun Forum. Who is the team? Sophon engine. Founded by Gao Yizhao, a doctoral student at Renmin University’s Hillhouse School of Artificial Intelligence.

The U.S. Air Force showcases its first AI fighter jet with high profile! The minister personally conducted the test drive without interfering during the whole process, and 100,000 lines of code were tested for 21 times. The U.S. Air Force showcases its first AI fighter jet with high profile! The minister personally conducted the test drive without interfering during the whole process, and 100,000 lines of code were tested for 21 times. May 07, 2024 pm 05:00 PM

Recently, the military circle has been overwhelmed by the news: US military fighter jets can now complete fully automatic air combat using AI. Yes, just recently, the US military’s AI fighter jet was made public for the first time and the mystery was unveiled. The full name of this fighter is the Variable Stability Simulator Test Aircraft (VISTA). It was personally flown by the Secretary of the US Air Force to simulate a one-on-one air battle. On May 2, U.S. Air Force Secretary Frank Kendall took off in an X-62AVISTA at Edwards Air Force Base. Note that during the one-hour flight, all flight actions were completed autonomously by AI! Kendall said - "For the past few decades, we have been thinking about the unlimited potential of autonomous air-to-air combat, but it has always seemed out of reach." However now,

The first robot to autonomously complete human tasks appears, with five fingers that are flexible and fast, and large models support virtual space training The first robot to autonomously complete human tasks appears, with five fingers that are flexible and fast, and large models support virtual space training Mar 11, 2024 pm 12:10 PM

This week, FigureAI, a robotics company invested by OpenAI, Microsoft, Bezos, and Nvidia, announced that it has received nearly $700 million in financing and plans to develop a humanoid robot that can walk independently within the next year. And Tesla’s Optimus Prime has repeatedly received good news. No one doubts that this year will be the year when humanoid robots explode. SanctuaryAI, a Canadian-based robotics company, recently released a new humanoid robot, Phoenix. Officials claim that it can complete many tasks autonomously at the same speed as humans. Pheonix, the world's first robot that can autonomously complete tasks at human speeds, can gently grab, move and elegantly place each object to its left and right sides. It can autonomously identify objects

See all articles