php linux 环境搭建
Apache源于NCSAhttpd服务器,经过多次修改,成为世界上最流行的Web服务器软件之一。Apache取自a patchy server的读音,意思是充满补丁的服务器,因为它是自由软件,所以不断有人来为它开发新的功能、新的特性、修改原来的缺陷。Apache的特点是简单、速度快、
Apache源于NCSAhttpd服务器,经过多次修改,成为世界上最流行的Web服务器软件之一。Apache取自“a patchy server”的读音,意思是充满补丁的服务器,因为它是自由软件,所以不断有人来为它开发新的功能、新的特性、修改原来的缺陷。Apache的特点是简单、速度快、性能稳定,并可做代理服务器来使用。
一、系统约定
软件源代码包存放位置 /usr/local/src
源码包编译安装位置(prefix) /usr/local/software_name
脚本以及维护程序存放位置 /usr/local/sbin
MySQL 数据库位置 /var/lib/mysql(可按情况设置)
Apache 网站根目录 /home/www/wwwroot(可按情况设置)
Apache 虚拟主机日志根目录 /home/www/logs(可按情况设置)
Apache 运行账户 www:www
二、系统环境初始化
1. 检查系统是否正常
#more /var/log/messages(检查有无系统级错误信息) #dmesg (检查硬件设备是否有错误信息) #cat /proc/cpuinfo (检查CPU频率是否正常) #top (按1检测CPU核数是否正常,内存大小是否正常) #ifconfig(检查网卡设置是否正确) #ping http://www.chinaz.com/(检查网络是否正常)
2. 关闭不需要的服务
# ntsysv
以下仅列出需要启动的服务,未列出的服务一律推荐关闭:
atd crond irqbalance microcode_ctl network sendmail sshd syslog
关闭SElinux:修改/etc/selinux/config文件中的SELINUX= 为 disabled
3.更换快速源
# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ # mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.old # wget http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/CentOS-Base.repo.5 # mv CentOS-Base.repo.5 CentOS-Base.repo # yum update
4. 使用 yum 程序安装所需开发包(以下为标准的 RPM 包名称)
# yum -y install ntp make openssl openssl-devel pcre pcre-devel libpng libpng-devel libjpeg-6b libjpeg-devel-6b freetype freetype-devel gd gd-devel zlib zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ libXpm libXpm-devel ncurses ncurses-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel imake autoconf automake screen sysstat compat-libstdc++-33 curl curl-devel
5. 定时校正服务器时钟,定时与中国国家授时中心授时服务器同步
# crontab -e
加入一行:
*/30 * * * * ntpdate 210.72.145.44 > /dev/null 2>&1
6.下载程序包
请到各程序官方网站下载最新的稳定版本存放到/usr/local/src/目录
Apache v2.4.3 for Unix下载

界面预览
- 软件大小:7.90MB
- 软件类别:国外软件 | web服务器
- 软件语言:英文
- 运行环境:Unix
- 软件授权:免费版
- 更新时间:2012-8-22 9:52:17
- 相关链接:Home Page
PHP v5.2.17 For Linux下载

界面预览
- 软件大小:8.67MB
- 软件类别:国外软件 | web服务器
- 软件语言:英文
- 运行环境:Linux/Unix
- 软件授权:免费版
- 更新时间:2011-4-1 10:59:10
- 相关链接:Home Page
MySQL Server v5.5.28 For Linux下载

界面预览
- 软件大小:59.04MB
- 软件类别:国外软件 | 数据服务器
- 软件语言:英文
- 运行环境:Linux
- 软件授权:开源软件
- 更新时间:2012-9-29 10:15:20
- 相关链接:Home Page
Zend Optimizer v3.3.9 For linux-glibc21-i386下载

界面预览
- 软件大小:9.30MB
- 软件类别:国外软件 | 其它类别
- 软件语言:英文
- 运行环境:Linux
- 软件授权:免费版
- 更新时间:2009-12-11 10:44:31
- 相关链接:Home Page
Memcache http://z.down.chinaz.com/upload/wget/memcache-2.2.5.tgz
Memcached http://z.down.chinaz.com/upload/wget/memcached-1.4.5.tar.gz
Apache控制脚本 http://z.down.chinaz.com/upload/httpd.txt
Apache配置文件 http://z.down.chinaz.com/upload/httpdconfig.txt
以上列出的程序最新稳定版下载列表 http://z.down.chinaz.com/upload/lamp_tools.txt
在 /usr/local/src目录下执行
wget http://c.sihost.net/lamp_tools.list # wget -i lamp_tools.list
7. 创建web运行用户
# groupadd www # useradd -g www www # mkdir -p /home/www/wwwroot # chmod +w /home/www/wwwroot # chown www:www /home/www/wwwroot -R
8. 重新启动
# init 6
三、编译安装环境
1. 安装MySQL
# cd /usr/local/src # tar zxvf mysql-5.0.86-linux-i686-icc-glibc23.tar.gz # mv mysql-5.0.86-linux-i686-icc-glibc23 /usr/local/ # ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.0.86-linux-i686-icc-glibc23/ /usr/local/mysql # groupadd mysql # useradd -g mysql mysql -d /home/mysql -s /sbin/nologin # chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql # chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql-5.0.86-linux-i686-icc-glibc23/ # cd /usr/local/mysql # ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql # cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld # chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld # chkconfig --add mysqld # chkconfig --level 3 mysqld on # cp ./support-files/my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf # mv /usr/local/mysql/data /var/lib/mysql # chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
编辑/etc/my.cnf
在 [mysqld] 段增加
datadir = /var/lib/mysql skip-innodb wait-timeout = 10 max_connections = 512 max_connect_errors = 10000000
在 [mysqld] 段修改
max_allowed_packet = 16M thread_cache_size = CPU个数*2
将 log-bin 注释
# service mysqld start # bin/mysqladmin -u root password {password}
<span>其中{password</span><em>}</em><span>是要设置的root 密码</span>
2.编译安装Apache
# cd /usr/local/src/ # tar jxvf httpd-2.2.15.tar.bz2 # cd httpd-2.2.15/ # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --enable-module=rewrite --disable-access --disable-auth --disable-charset-lite --disable-include --disable-log-config --disable-env --disable-setenvif --disable-mime --disable-status --disable-autoindex --disable-asis --disable-cgid --disable-cgi --disable-negotiation --disable-dir --disable-actions --disable-userdir --disable-alias --enable-so --enable-mods-shared=' access auth auth_anon auth_dbm auth_digest dav dav_fs actions alias asis autoindex cache cern_meta cgi charset_lite deflate dir disk_cache env expires file_cache headers include info log_config logio mime mime_magic negotiation rewrite setenvif speling status unique_id userdir usertrack vhost_alias' # make # make install # cd /usr/local/src/ # mv /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf.old # cp -f /usr/local/src/httpd.conf /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf # cp -f /usr/local/src/httpd /etc/init.d/httpd # chmod 755 /etc/init.d/httpd # chkconfig --add httpd # chkconfig httpd on
3. 编译安装PHP 所需的支持库
Libiconv
# cd /usr/local/src/ # tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz # cd libiconv-1.13.1/ # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local # make # make install # cd ..
Libmcrypt
# tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz # cd libmcrypt-2.5.8 # ./configure # make # make install # /sbin/ldconfig # cd libltdl/ # ./configure --enable-ltdl-install # make # make install # cd /usr/local/src/
Mhash
# tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz # cd mhash-0.9.9.9/ # ./configure # make # make install # cd .. # ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la $ ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so $ ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 $ ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 # ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a # ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la # ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so # ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2 # ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 $ ln -s /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config /usr/bin/libmcrypt-config # tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz # cd mcrypt-2.6.8 # /sbin/ldconfig # ./configure # make # make install
4. 编译安装PHP
# cd /usr/local/src # tar zxvf php-5.2.13.tar.gz # cd php-5.2.13 # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/etc --enable-mbstring --enable-ftp --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir=/usr --with-png-dir=/usr --enable-magic-quotes --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-pear --enable-sockets --with-ttf --with-freetype-dir=/usr --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-zlib --enable-sysvsem --enable-sysvshm --with-libxml-dir=/usr --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-xmlrpc --enable-xml --enable-shmop --enable-zip --with-mhash --with-mcrypt --enable-discard-path --enable-bcmath --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --with-openssl # make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv' # make install # ./libtool --finish /usr/local/src/php-5.2.13/libs # cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/etc/php.ini # echo 'ulimit -SHn 65535' >> /etc/rc.local # service httpd start
5. 安装PHP扩展模块(选装)
Memcache
# cd /usr/local/src # tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz # cd memcache-2.2.5/ # /usr/local/php/bin/phpize # ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config # make # make install
修改php.ini文件,路径/usr/local/etc/
查找:
extension_dir = "./"
修改成:
extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"
在此句下面一行
添加:
extension = "memcache.so"
查找:
output_buffering = Off
修改成:
output_buffering = On
保存。
Memcached
# cd /usr/local/src # tar zxvf libevent-1.4.13-stable.tar.gz # cd libevent-1.4.13-stable # ./configure --prefix=/usr/lib # make # make install # cd ../ # tar zxvf memcached-1.4.5.tar.gz # cd memcached-1.4.5 # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local --with-libevent=/usr/lib/ # make # make install # /usr/local/bin/memcached -d -u www -m 128
-p
监听的TCP端口(缺省: 11211)
-d
以守护进程方式运行 以守护进程方式运行 Memcached Memcached
-u
运行运行 Memcached的账户 非root用户
-m
最大的内存使用单位是MB 缺省是64MB
-c
软连接数量缺省是1024
-v
输出警告和错误信息
-vv
打印客户端的请求和返回信息
-h
打印帮助信息
-i
打印memcached和libevent的版权信息
6. 安装ZendOptimizer
# cd /usr/local/src # tar zxvf ZendOptimizer-3.3.3-linux-glibc23-i386.tar.gz # cd ZendOptimizer-3.3.3-linux-glibc23-i386 # ./install Please specify the location for installing
Zend Optimizer:
这里填写Zend的安装路径,按下面写即可
/usr/local/Zend Confirm the location of your
php.ini file:
这里填写的是php.ini的路径,按下面写即可
/usr/local/etc Are you using Apache Web server?
这里选YES
Apache的控制组件路径 /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl
是否重启Apache,YES,回车
7. 查看确认L.A.M.P环境信息、提升 PHP 安全性
保存以下内容为info.php到/home/www/wwwroot/,检查phpinfo中的各项信息是否正确。
<span></span> <span>phpinfo</span><span>();</span> <span>?></span>
确认 PHP 能够正常工作后,编辑/usr/local/etc/php.ini进行设置提升PHP安全性。
找到:
disable_functions =
在等号后添加下面的函数名字
exec,system,passthru,shell_exec,escapeshellarg,escapeshellcmd,proc_close,proc_open,dl,popen,show_source

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