源码安装apache+mysql+php+phpMyAdmin-php手册-php.cn

本文讲了从源码简单的安装apache+mysql+php+phpMyAdmin 安装步骤我们基本安装源码本身提供的安装文档来。安装过程中出现缺少其他软件包的情况我们将使用yum安装如果你的RHEL未付费无法使用yum 请配置CentOS的yum源或者下载rpm包安装安装之前防火墙与s

本文讲了从源码简单的安装apache+mysql+php+phpMyAdmin 安装步骤我们基本安装源码本身提供的安装文档来。
安装过程中出现缺少其他软件包的情况我们将使用yum安装如果你的RHEL未付费无法使用yum 请配置CentOS的yum源或者下载rpm包安装
安装之前防火墙与selinux均设置无效。
本文测试环境RHEL5.5 同样适合于CentOS5.5。
本文适合新手学习安装不适合生产环境。

1.下载软件

[root@RHEL src]# cd /usr/local/src/ [root@RHEL src]# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.50.tar.gz/from/http://ftp.iij.ad.jp/pub/db/mysql/ [root@RHEL src]# wget http://jp.php.net/get/php-5.2.14.tar.bz2/from/this/mirror [root@RHEL src]# wget http://ftp.riken.jp/net/apache//httpd/httpd-2.2.16.tar.gz [root@RHEL src]# wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/phpmyadmin/phpMyAdmin/3.3.7/phpMyAdmin-3.3.7-all-languages.tar.bz2

2.安装配置mysql

2.1.编译安装 [root@RHEL src]# tar -xzvf mysql-5.1.50.tar.gz [root@RHEL src]# cd mysql-5.1.50 [root@RHEL mysql-5.1.50]# more INSTALL-SOURCE 2.3.1. Source Installation Overview The basic commands that you must execute to install a MySQL source distribution are: shell> groupadd mysql shell> useradd -g mysql mysql （一会我们修改一下不让mysql用户能登录系统） shell> gunzip cd mysql-VERSION （我们已经进入解压目录了） shell> ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql shell> make shell> make install shell> cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf shell> cd /usr/local/mysql shell> chown -R mysql . shell> chgrp -R mysql . shell> bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql shell> chown -R root . shell> chown -R mysql var shell> bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql & [root@RHEL mysql-5.1.50]# groupadd mysql [root@RHEL mysql-5.1.50]# useradd -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql [root@RHEL mysql-5.1.50]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql ...... checking for termcap functions library... configure: error: No curses/termcap library found ...... OOPS!出错了！ [root@RHEL mysql-5.1.50]# yum -y install ncurses-devel （rpm下载地址http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.5/os/i386/CentOS/ncurses-devel-5.5-24.20060715.i386.rpm） [root@RHEL mysql-5.1.50]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql [root@RHEL mysql-5.1.50]# make [root@RHEL mysql-5.1.50]# make install [root@RHEL mysql-5.1.50]# cd /usr/local/mysql [root@RHEL mysql]# chown -R mysql . [root@RHEL mysql]# chgrp -R mysql . [root@RHEL mysql]# bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql [root@RHEL mysql]# chown -R root . [root@RHEL mysql]# chown -R mysql var [root@RHEL mysql]# bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql & 2.2.确认mysql状态并修改密码 [root@RHEL mysql]# ps -ef | grep mysql [root@RHEL mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'mysql' [root@RHEL mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or /g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.1.50 Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This software comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free software, and you are welcome to modify and redistribute it under the GPL v2 license Type 'help;' or '/h' for help. Type '/c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> 2.3.使用官方提供的启动脚本并添加开机启动 [root@RHEL mysql]# cp share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld [root@RHEL mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop Shutting down MySQL100909 20:06:48 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /usr/local/mysql/var/RHEL.pid ended [确定] [1]+ Done bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql [root@RHEL mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start Starting MySQL. [确定] [root@RHEL mysql]# /sbin/chkconfig --add mysqld [root@RHEL mysql]# /sbin/chkconfig mysqld on

3.安装apache2.2

3.1.编译安装 [root@RHEL mysql]# cd /usr/local/src/ [root@RHEL src]# tar -xzvf httpd-2.2.16.tar.gz [root@RHEL src]# cd httpd-2.2.16 [root@RHEL httpd-2.2.16]# more INSTALL Quick Start - Unix ------------------ For complete installation documentation, see [ht]docs/manual/install.html or http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/install.html $ ./configure --prefix=PREFIX $ make $ make install $ PREFIX/bin/apachectl start NOTES: * Replace PREFIX with the filesystem path under which Apache should be installed. A typical installation might use "/usr/local/apache2" for PREFIX (without the quotes). *在他说的最简单的安装方式上我们加2个编译参数 *--enable-rewrite rule based URL manipulation *--enable-so DSO capability [root@RHEL httpd-2.2.16]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 --enable-rewrite --enable-so [root@RHEL httpd-2.2.16]# make [root@RHEL httpd-2.2.16]# make install 3.2.建立apache专用用户 [root@RHEL httpd-2.2.16]# groupadd apache [root@RHEL httpd-2.2.16]# useradd -g apache -M -s /sbin/nologin apache [root@RHEL httpd-2.2.16]# vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf 找到如下2句并在行头加#号注释掉 User daemon Group daemon 追加如下2句 User apache Group apache 3.3.启动状态确认 [root@RHEL httpd-2.2.16]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start [root@RHEL httpd-2.2.16]# lsof -i:80 [root@RHEL httpd-2.2.16]# lsof -i:80 COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE NODE NAME httpd 14125 root 3u IPv6 194322 TCP *:http (LISTEN) httpd 14354 apache 3u IPv6 194322 TCP *:http (LISTEN) httpd 14355 apache 3u IPv6 194322 TCP *:http (LISTEN) httpd 14356 apache 3u IPv6 194322 TCP *:http (LISTEN) httpd 14357 apache 3u IPv6 194322 TCP *:http (LISTEN) httpd 14358 apache 3u IPv6 194322 TCP *:http (LISTEN) [root@RHEL httpd-2.2.16]# curl http://localhost （你可以在浏览器里输入http://ip测试) <h1>It works!</h1>

*通过apachectl就可以方便的启动关闭apache了我就不做启动脚本了
*如果你需要你可以上网搜一下或者参照/etc/init.d/下的其他脚本在apachectl的基础上修改一个
*或者你可以再/etc/rc.local里追加一句来让apache开机启动/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start

4.源码编译安装php

4.1.编译安装 root@RHEL httpd-2.2.16]# cd /usr/local/src/ [root@RHEL src]# tar -jxvf php-5.2.14.tar.bz2 [root@RHEL src]# cd php-5.2.14 [root@RHEL php-5.2.14]# more INSTALL Apache 2.0 on Unix systems ·....... You are highly encouraged to take a look at the Apache Documentation to get a basic understanding of the Apache 2.0 Server. ...... Example 2-4. Installation Instructions (Apache 2 Shared Module Version) 1. gzip -d httpd-2_0_NN.tar.gz 2. tar xvf httpd-2_0_NN.tar 3. gunzip php-NN.tar.gz 4. tar -xvf php-NN.tar 5. cd httpd-2_0_NN 6. ./configure --enable-so 7. make 8. make install Now you have Apache 2.0.NN available under /usr/local/apache2, configured with loadable module support and the standard MPM prefork. To test the installation use your normal procedure for starting the Apache server, e.g.: /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start and stop the server to go on with the configuration for PHP: /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl stop. 9. cd ../php-NN 10. ./configure --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-mysql （一会我们指定一下mysql的安装路径) 11. make 12. make install ....... 13. Setup your php.ini cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/lib/php.ini ....... 14. Edit your httpd.conf to load the PHP module. ...... For PHP 5: LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so 15. Tell Apache to parse certain extensions as PHP. ...... AddType application/x-httpd-php .php .phtml It's also common to setup the .phps extension to show highlighted PHP source, this can be done with: AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps 16. Use your normal procedure for starting the Apache server, e.g.: /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start ...... [root@RHEL php-5.2.14]# ./configure --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql ...... configure: error: xml2-config not found. Please check your libxml2 installation. ...... OOPS!出错了！ [root@RHEL php-5.2.14]# yum -y install libxml2-devel （我的情况安装libxml2-devel的时候依赖于zlib-devel) (rpm下载地址 http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.5/os/i386/CentOS/zlib-devel-1.2.3-3.i386.rpm) (rpm下载地址 http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.5/os/i386/CentOS/libxml2-devel-2.6.26-2.1.2.8.i386.rpm） [root@RHEL php-5.2.14]# ./configure --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql [root@RHEL php-5.2.14]# make [root@RHEL php-5.2.14]# make install [root@RHEL php-5.2.14]# cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/lib/php.ini [root@RHEL php-5.2.14]# vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf 在内容里搜一下是否有libphp5.so 我的情况已经有了如果没有追加下面那句前面不带#的 # LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so # 再搜索AddType关键字在那附近追加如下一句 AddType application/x-httpd-php .php .phtml 再搜索下面一段把第二句DirectoryIndex的后面追加index.php <ifmodule dir_module> DirectoryIndex index.html index.php </ifmodule> 4.1.2测试php网页 [root@RHEL php-5.2.14]# cd /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/ [root@RHEL htdocs]# vi index.php 输入内容 <?php phpinfo(); ?> [root@RHEL php-5.2.14]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl restart [root@RHEL mysql]# curl -I http://localhost/index.php 或者你在你的浏览器里输入http://yourip/index.php 4.1.3测试php和mysql连接 [root@RHEL htdocs]# vi phpmysql.php 输入内容 <?php mysql_connect("localhost","root","mysql") or die("MySQL First Test:Failed"); echo "MySQL First Test:Success"; ?> 因为我们编译php的时候没有加--with-mysqli选项所以不支持mysqli扩展 [root@RHEL htdocs]# curl http://localhost/phpmysql.php MySQL First Test:Success 好了我这里成功了你可以再浏览器里输入http://ip/phpmysql.php

5.安装配置phpMyAdmin

5.1.配置phpMyAdmin [root@RHEL mysql]# cd /usr/local/src/ [root@RHEL src]# tar -jxvf phpMyAdmin-3.3.7-all-languages.tar.bz2 我们把phpMyAdmin配置到/var/www/下命名为phpMyAdmin [root@RHEL src]# test -d /var/www || mkdir -p /var/www [root@RHEL src]# mv phpMyAdmin-3.3.7-all-languages /var/www/phpMyAdmin [root@RHEL src]# cp /var/www/phpMyAdmin/config.sample.inc.php /var/www/phpMyAdmin/config.inc.php [root@RHEL src]# chmod 660 /var/www/phpMyAdmin/config.inc.php [root@RHEL src]# vi /var/www/phpMyAdmin/config.inc.php 追加$cfg['Lang'] = 'zh-utf-8'; ----------可选设置为phpMyAdmin设置50位的短语密码--------- ------推荐你设置但是要使用mkpasswd命令你需要安装expect包 [root@RHEL src]# mkpasswd -l 50 clecXjgn7Hg%whkyajmmq8zisgzceinvcuqnwhbxlwapnzemwm 复制产生的短语密码 [root@RHEL src]# vi /var/www/phpMyAdmin/config.inc.php 找到如下参数 $cfg['blowfish_secret'] = 'clecXjgn7Hg%whkyajmmq8zisgzceinvcuqnwhbxlwapnzemwm' ----------------------可选设置结束----------------------- [root@RHEL src]# chown -R root.apache /var/www/phpMyAdmin [root@RHEL src]# cd /usr/local/apache2/conf/ [root@RHEL conf]# vi extra/phpmyadmin.conf 加入内容 Alias /phpMyAdmin /var/www/phpMyAdmin <location> Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.1 Allow from 10.110.108.55 //这里改成你实际允许访问的ip </location> [root@RHEL conf]# vi httpd.conf 追加 Include conf/extra/phpmyadmin.conf [root@RHEL conf]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl restart 5.2.测试在浏览器输入下面的网址 http://ip/phpMyAdmin/ 输入我们前面设置的mysql用户名root 和密码mysql Enjoy!

后话；因为我们安装php的时候加的参数比较少所以打开phpMyAdmin的时候会有一些警告
但是我相信读者已经会重新编译php来解决这些问题了吧！