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php回溯算法解决n皇后问题

Jun 06, 2016 pm 07:46 PM
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欢迎进入Linux社区论坛,与200万技术人员互动交流 >>进入 回溯法的基本做法是搜索,或是一种组织得井井有条的,能避免不必要搜索的穷举式搜索法。这种方法适用于解一些组合数相当大的问题。 回溯法在问题的解空间树中,按深度优先策略,从根结点出发搜索解空

欢迎进入Linux社区论坛,与200万技术人员互动交流 >>进入

  回溯法的基本做法是搜索,或是一种组织得井井有条的,能避免不必要搜索的穷举式搜索法。这种方法适用于解一些组合数相当大的问题。

  回溯法在问题的解空间树中,按深度优先策略,从根结点出发搜索解空间树。算法搜索至解空间树的任意一点时,先判断该结点是否包含问题的解。如果肯定不包含,则跳过对该结点为根的子树的搜索,逐层向其祖先结点回溯;否则,进入该子树,继续按深度优先策略搜索。

  回溯法指导思想--走不通,就掉头。设计过程:确定问题的解空间;确定结点的扩展规则;搜索。

  这里主要展示怎么用php实现该问题

  $tres代表一次可行的尝试

  $res 记录总结果

  详细数据结构分析 可以参考链接。

  $value){

  if($key

  if($value==$c){

  return 0;

  }else if(abs($l-$key)==abs($c-$value)){

  return 0;

  }

  }

  }

  return 1;

  }

  function scan($line){

  global $tres;

  global $res;

  global $n,$count;

  if($line==$n){

  $res[]=$tres;

  // $tres=array();

  $count++;

  }else{

  for($i=0;$i

  if(check($line,$i)==1){

  $tres[$line]=$i;

  $nxline=$line+1;

  scan($nxline);

  }

  }

  }

  }

  $tres=array();

  $res=array();

  $n=8;$count=0;

  $stime=microtime();

  scan(0);

  $etime=microtime();

  var_dump($res);

  echo there is $count ways !

  ;

  $t=$etime-$stime;

  echo (int)$t.seconds used.;

  //还有要说明的 最后面面的时间计算 不太严谨 高精度的变量php是不能直接相减的 会有严重误差。这里只做临时演示,需要精确计算还得调用相关函数。

php回溯算法解决n皇后问题

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