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ubuntu通过apt-get方式搭建lnmp环境以及php扩展安装

Jun 06, 2016 pm 07:47 PM
apt-get lnmp ubuntu build Way pass

一直是在用的lnmp的集成安装包搭建lnmp环境,因为工作需要需要安装ldap扩展,在网上怎么都找不到源码安装包,只能卸载掉原来的lnmp环境,用ubuntu的php5-ldap扩展, 在安装中遇到一些问题,网上的文章坑爹的比较多,写篇文章记录下来。 1.安装mysql sudo apt

       一直是在用的lnmp的集成安装包搭建lnmp环境,因为工作需要需要安装ldap扩展,在网上怎么都找不到源码安装包,只能卸载掉原来的lnmp环境,用ubuntu的php5-ldap扩展,

在安装中遇到一些问题,网上的文章坑爹的比较多,写篇文章记录下来。

       

1.安装mysql

     

sudo apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client
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安装过程中要输入root用户的密码。

我在安装中出错,是原来的mysql-cilent mysql-workbench 未完全卸载,将mysql组件完全卸载的方法:

删除mysql前 先删除一下 /var/lib/mysql 还有 /etc/mysql

sudo rm /var/lib/mysql/ -R
sudo rm /etc/mysql/ -R

sudo apt-get autoremove mysql* --purge
sudo apt-get remove apparmor
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全部删除之后再执行  apt-get install mysql-server mysql -client 

2.安装nginx

sudo apt-get install nginx
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3.安装成功后。我们重启下nginx服务

sudo service nginx restart<span> </span>
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启动之后我们就可以访问以下我们的地址了。看能不能出现nginx的欢迎界面。

4.这里我们使用php5-fpm来作为我们的php解析。

sudo apt-get install php5-fpm 
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5.接下来我们要修改一下nginx的站点配置了。

ngnix的配置文件存放在/etc/nginx/sites-availble/default

    server { 

            listen   80; ## listen for ipv4; this line is default and implied 

            listen   [::]:80 default ipv6only=on; ## listen for ipv6 

            root /usr/share/nginx/www; 

            index index.php index.html index.htm; 

            # Make site accessible from http://localhost/ 

            server_name _; 

            location / { 

                    # First attempt to serve request as file, then 

                    # as directory, then fall back to index.html 

                    try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html; 

            } 

            location /doc { 

                    root /usr/share; 

                    autoindex on; 

                    allow 127.0.0.1; 

                    deny all; 

            } 

            #error_page 404 /404.html; 

            # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html 

            # 

            error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; 

            location = /50x.html { 

                    root /usr/share/nginx/www; 

            } 

            # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 

            # 

            #location ~ \.php$ { 

            #       proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; 

            #} 

            # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 

            # 

            location ~ \.php$ { 

                    try_files $uri =404; 

                    # With php5-cgi alone:
                    # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
                    # With php5-fpm:
                    # fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock; 

                    fastcgi_index index.php; 

                    include fastcgi_params; 

            } 

            # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root 

            # concurs with nginx's one 

            # 

            location ~ /\.ht { 

                    deny all; 

            } 

    } 
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6.我们在安装php5相关的一些组件。

sudo apt-cache search php5 
apt-get install php5-mysql php5-curl php5-gd php5-intl php-pear php5-imagick php5-imap php5-mcrypt php5-memcache php5-ming php5-ps php5-pspell php5-recode php5-snmp php5-sqlite php5-tidy php5-xmlrpc php5-xsl 
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7.重启服务

sudo service php5-fpm restart 
sudo service nginx restart
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经测试,现在应该已经安装成功了。

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PHP扩展的安装方式通常分为两种:
1. 随同PHP编译
2. 生成单独的.so文件
这里介绍第二种方式,对于第二种方式执行效率可能低些,但是模块化,就是可以保持php安装不变的情况下,通过php.ini连接单独生成的so文件实现扩展,
比如您已经通过了tar包方式安装了php,那么现在想增加扩展:

安装CURL扩展
I. 生成动态链接库文件.SO
方法如下:
方法1. apt-get install php5-curl
方法2. 去PHP网站下载tar包,phpize本地编译生成.so
方法3. pear方式安装,通过pecl命令去在线下载编译生成.so


方法1在ubuntu下是最简单的,命令执行完会告知.so所在目录

II. 配置php.ini
打开php.ini,指定extension_dir目录,如果extension_dir = '/usr/lib',那么接下来把生成的.so文件(如curl.so)复制到/usr/lib目录下,并且加入一个新条目:
extension=curl.so

III. 使之生效
重新启动apache,运行phpinfo()看是否生效

安装PDO_MYSQL扩展

采用pear方式安装
I. 安装pear
apt-get install php-pear 如果没有pear要先安装pear
II. 安装pdo,pdo_mysql
pecl install pdo pecl install pdo_mysql
生成.so复制到/usr/lib目录下.

如果没有安装php和mysql的开发包,在执行第II步之前还需要安装
apt-get install php5-devapt-get install libmysqlclient15-dev
III. 修改配置文件php.ini
增加条目
extension=pdo.so
extension=pdo_mysql.so
IV. 使之生效
重新启动apache,运行phpinfo()看是否生效

在php5.2.10中,php默认已经安装了pdo,所以extension=pdo.so不加,但是发现和自己生成的pdo_mysql.so不匹配错误,解决办法是:
重新安装php,增加参数--disable-pdo 禁止pdo模块,用自己前面生成pdo.so,pdo+mysql.so就OK了

安装ImageMagic扩展

采用pear方式安装
I. 安装ImageMagick
sudo apt-get install imagemagick

II. 安装imagemagick 的lib 供php调用
sudo apt-get install libmagick++-dev

III. 调用当前的pecl安装imagick
pecl install imagick

IV. 修改php.ini.重启apache服务器
在php.ini中添加: extension = imagick.so


phpize的安装

phpize是属于php-devel的内容,所以只要运行
apt-get install php-devel就行。ubuntu 下是 apt-get install php-dev

我安装的时候装的是php5-dev

装完之后是用phpize5来装自己编写的php扩展

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