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PHP精选数组函数

Jun 06, 2016 pm 07:47 PM
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编程怎么能少的了数组呢,以下是学习PHP时常用的数组处理函数。在编程中要遵循一个原则就是DRY(Don`t Repeat Yourself)原则,PHP中有大量的函数,都记住这些函数不太现实,但常用的函数还是要熟练使用的,大部分的函数的使用方法可以通过查询PHP的手册来使用

  编程怎么能少的了数组呢,以下是学习PHP时常用的数组处理函数。在编程中要遵循一个原则就是DRY(Don`t Repeat Yourself)原则,PHP中有大量的函数,都记住这些函数不太现实,但常用的函数还是要熟练使用的,大部分的函数的使用方法可以通过查询PHP的手册来使用。在编程中查手册是少不了的,所以要会学着使用已有的东西,就如PHP中的数组处理函数已经有排序函数了,为什么还要在写东西是费着劲去写冒泡或者堆排或者快排呢。

  编程是间接的过程,也是重用的过程,要写出好的代码是少不了设计模式来做支撑的,可能对初学者来说学习设计模式有些吃力(就像我当初看设计模式时,真是有点费劲),不过等你的代码量有一定积累时,在研究设计模式时,感觉设计模式真的挺有用的,能帮助你写出漂亮的代码。说着说着有点跑偏了,还是来总结一下php中对数组操作的常用函数吧。

  以下总结的数组常用的函数,可能有些读者会感觉有些少,众人拾柴火焰高吗,如果感觉还有其他常用的数组处理函数,给个评论留下呗,不要吝啬自己的知识嘛,和别人分享东西不是一件很快乐的东西吗。还有,下面的代码出自本人之手,不过是两年前写的代码了,欢迎大家批评指正。

  1. array_splice() 删除数组中的指定元

    array_splice(数组名,从前往后删的个数,new一个数组的大小);没有第三参数也就没有返数组,没有第三个参数时,第二个参数的意义为从前往后保留几个

    exp:

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    <?php

        $my_array=array(    //建立数组

            "hehe"=>"haha",

            "A"=>"lu",

            "lu"=>"ge"

        );

        $new=array_splice($my_array,1,3);    //使用array_splice(数组名,从前往后删的个数,new一个数组的大小);

        var_dump($new);

    ?>

    结果:array(2) { ["A"]=> string(2) "lu" ["lu"]=> string(2) "ge" }

2、foreach()数组的遍历

    用法:foreach(数组 as 键名=>键值)或foreach(数组 as 键值)

exp:

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<?php

    $my_array=array(    //建立数组

        "hehe"=>"haha",

        "A"=>"lu",

        "lu"=>"ge"

    );

    foreach($my_array as $key=>$value)

    {

        echo $key."=>".$value."<br>";

    }

?>

输出结果:

hehe=>haha

A=>lu

lu=>ge

 

3、数组的排序

    (1)sort()和rsort()    按键值排序sort()从小到大,rsort()从大到小

            sort ()   exp :     

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<?php

    $my_array=array(1,2,3,6,7,8,9,4,5);//建立数组

    sort($my_array);

    foreach($my_array as $keys=>$value)

    {

        echo $keys."=>".$value."<br>";

    }

?>

           输出结果:

    0=>1

    1=>2
    2=>3
    3=>4
    4=>5
    5=>6
    6=>7
    7=>8
    8=>9

             rsort() exp:

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<?php

    $my_array=array(1,2,3,6,7,8,9,4,5);//建立数组

    rsort($my_array);

    foreach($my_array as $keys=>$value)

    {

        echo $keys."=>".$value."<br>";

    }

?>

  输出结果:

    0=>9
    1=>8
    2=>7
    3=>6    
    4=>5
    5=>4
    6=>3
    7=>2
    8=>1

    (2).asort()和arsort()和上面的原理一样,不过不改变键名和键值的对应关系

    exp:

 

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<?php

    $my_array=array(1,2,3,6,7,8,9,4,5);//建立数组

    asort($my_array);

    foreach($my_array as $keys=>$value)

    {

        echo $keys."=>".$value."<br>";

    }

?>

输出结果:

0=>1
1=>2
2=>3
7=>4
8=>5
3=>6
4=>7
5=>8
6=>9

(3)ksort()和krsort()是按键名的大小排序

 

4.数组的数学类函数

  • array_sum()计算数组的所有键值的和  count()计算元素的个数

    exp:

     

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    <?php

        $my_array=array(1,2,3,6,7,8,9,4,5);//建立数组

        echo array_sum($my_array);

    ?>

    输出结果:45

 

5.其他函数

    • array_unique() 去除数组中的相同元素

    • in_array()检测一个值是否在数组中(返回true和false)

    • array_search()返回的是键或值,返回的是键值所对应的键名

    • shuffle()打乱原有的数组

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      <?php

          $my_array=array(1,2,3,6,7,8,9,4,5,5,5,5);//建立数组

          array_unique($my_array);//去除数组中的相同元素

          var_dump($my_array);

          echo "<br>";

          echo in_array(5,$my_array);

          echo "<br>";

          $new=array_search(6,$my_array);//返回的是键值所对应的键名

          echo $new;

      ?>

      输出结果:

    • array(12) { [0]=> int(1) [1]=> int(2) [2]=> int(3) [3]=> int(6) [4]=> int(7) [5]=> int(8) [6]=> int(9) [7]=> int(4) [8]=> int(5) [9]=> int(5) [10]=> int(5) [11]=> int(5) } 
      1
      3

       

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