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PHP header函数

Jun 06, 2016 pm 07:52 PM
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PHP 页面编码声明与用header或meta实现PHP页面编码的区别。 php的header来定义一个php页面为utf编码或GBK编码 php页面为utf编码 header(“Content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8″); php页面为gbk编码 header(“Content-type: text/html; charset=gb2312″

PHP 页面编码声明与用header或meta实现PHP页面编码的区别。

php的header来定义一个php页面为utf编码或GBK编码

php页面为utf编码
header(“Content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8″);

php页面为gbk编码
header(“Content-type: text/html; charset=gb2312″);

php页面为big5编码
header(“Content-type: text/html; charset=big5″);

通常情况以上代码放在php页面的首页

用header或meta实现PHP页面编码的区别
一、页面编码

请注意,是属于html信息的,仅仅是一个声明,它起作用表明服务器已经把HTML信息传到了浏览器。

2. header(“content-type:text/html; charset=xxx”);

这个函数header()的作用是把括号里面的信息发到http标头。

https标头是服务器以HTTP协议传送HTML信息到浏览器前所送出的字串。

同样也留有一个问题,为什么前者就绝对起作用,而后者有时候就不行呢?这就是接下来要谈的Apache的原因了。

3. AddDefaultCharset

Apache 根目录的 conf 文件夹里,有整个Apache的配置文档httpd.conf。

用文本编辑器打开httpd.conf,第708行(不同版本可能不同)有AddDefaultCharset xxx,xxx为编码名称。这行代码的意思:设置整个服务器内的网页文件https标头里的字符集为你默认的xxx字符集。有这行,就相当于给每个文件都 加了一行header(“content-type:text/html; charset=xxx”)。这下就明白为什么明明meta设置了是utf-8,可浏览器始终采用gb2312的原因。

总结:

来个排序

header(“content-type:text/html; charset=xxx”)
AddDefaultCharset xxx

如果你是web程序员,给你的每个页面都加个header(“content-type:text/html; charset=xxx”),保证它在任何服务器都能正确显示,可移植性强。

至于那句AddDefaultCharset xxx,要不要注释就仁者见仁了。反正我是注释掉了,不过我写页子也要写header(),便于放到服务器上能正常显示。

二、数据库编码

PHP 程序在查询数据库之前,首先执行 mysql_query(“SET NAMES xxxx”);其中 xxxx 是你网页的编码(charset=xxxx),如果网页中 charset=utf8,则 xxxx=utf8,如果网页中 charset=gb2312,则xxxx=gb2312,几乎所有WEB程序,都有一段连接数据库的公共代码,放在一个文件里,在这文件里,加入 mysql_query(“set names”)就可以了。

SET NAMES 显示客户端发送的 SQL 语句中使用什么字符集。因此,SET NAMES ‘utf-8′语句告诉服务器“将来从这个客户端传来的信息采用字符集utf-8”。它还为服务器发送回客户端的结果指定了字符集。(例如,如果你使用一 个SELECT语句,它表示列值使用了什么字符集。)

PHP页面编码统一

MySQL数据库编码、html页面编码、PHP或html文件本身编码要全部一致。
1、MySQL数据库编码:建立数据库时指定编码(如gbk_chinese_ci),建立数据表、建立字段、插入数据时不要指定编码,会自动继承数据库的编码。
数据库连接时,也有编码,可以在连接完数据库后,执行
mysql_query(‘SET NAMES gbk’);//将gbk换成你的编码,如utf8。

2、html页面的编码,指的是这一行的设置:

3、PHP或html文件本身的编码:用editplus打开php文件或html文件,另存时,选择的编码,如果数据库和页面编码是gbk,则这儿的编码选择ansi;如果数据库和页面编码是utf-8,则这儿也选择utf-8。

4、另外要注意的是,Javascript或Flash中传递的数据是utf-8编码,如果数据库和页面编码是gbk,要进行转码,然后写入数据库。
iconv(‘utf-8′, ‘gbk’, $content);

5、在PHP程序中,可以加上一行,来指定PHP源程序的编码:
header(‘Content-type: text/html; charset=gbk’);

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