【代码】PHP的json
json 的优点就不说了, 有个习惯,我在输出json的时候,喜欢用 sprintf 拼成json式, 前两天被朋友说不标准,必须要用json_encode生成的才是标准的json式,我当然很郁闷啦, 用了这么多年了,刚知道 这样做不标准,既然说我不标准,那上面才是标准的json式?
json的优点就不说了,
有个习惯,我在输出json的时候,喜欢用 sprintf 拼成json格式,
前两天被朋友说不标准,必须要用json_encode生成的才是标准的json格式,我当然很郁闷啦,
用了这么多年了,刚知道 这样做不标准,既然说我不标准,那上面才是标准的json格式?
{a : 'abc'} {'a' : 'abc'} {a : "abc"} {"a" : "abc"}
那都知道,只有第四种才是标准的json格式。
我这么做
$ret_json='{"%s":"%s"}'; echo json_encode($ret_json,"a","abc");
必然也符合标准。
既然如此,那我就要刨根问底,json_encode生成的json格式究竟有什么不同?
上代码
static PHP_FUNCTION(json_encode) { zval *parameter; smart_str buf = {0}; long options = 0; if (zend_parse_parameters(ZEND_NUM_ARGS() TSRMLS_CC, "z|l", ?meter, &options) == FAILURE) { return; } JSON_G(error_code) = PHP_JSON_ERROR_NONE; php_json_encode(&buf, parameter, options TSRMLS_CC); ZVAL_STRINGL(return_value, buf.c, buf.len, 1); smart_str_free(&buf); }
JSON_G(error_code) = PHP_JSON_ERROR_NONE;
是定义的json错误,该错误可以通过json_last_error函数获取,你用过吗?反正我没用过。
php_json_encode是主要的操作
PHP_JSON_API void php_json_encode(smart_str *buf, zval *val, int options TSRMLS_DC) /* {{{ */ { switch (Z_TYPE_P(val)) { case IS_NULL: smart_str_appendl(buf, "null", 4); //输出NULL break; case IS_BOOL: if (Z_BVAL_P(val)) { smart_str_appendl(buf, "true", 4);//输出true } else { smart_str_appendl(buf, "false", 5);//输出false } break; case IS_LONG: smart_str_append_long(buf, Z_LVAL_P(val));//输出长整形的值 break; case IS_DOUBLE: { char *d = NULL; int len; double dbl = Z_DVAL_P(val); if (!zend_isinf(dbl) && !zend_isnan(dbl)) {//非无穷尽 len = spprintf(&d, 0, "%.*k", (int) EG(precision), dbl); smart_str_appendl(buf, d, len); efree(d); } else { php_error_docref(NULL TSRMLS_CC, E_WARNING, "double %.9g does not conform to the JSON spec, encoded as 0", dbl); smart_str_appendc(buf, '0'); } } break; case IS_STRING://字符串 json_escape_string(buf, Z_STRVAL_P(val), Z_STRLEN_P(val), options TSRMLS_CC); break; case IS_ARRAY://数组和对象 case IS_OBJECT: json_encode_array(buf, &val, options TSRMLS_CC); break; default: php_error_docref(NULL TSRMLS_CC, E_WARNING, "type is unsupported, encoded as null"); smart_str_appendl(buf, "null", 4); break; } return; }
很明显,根据不同的类型,会有相应的case。
最复杂的是 字符串 、数组 、对象这三种类型,数组和对象是同一种操作。
先看看字符串吧,很长,注释直接写在代码里。
//options应该是5.3版本之后才支持的,由以下常量组成的二进制掩码: JSON_HEX_QUOT, JSON_HEX_TAG, JSON_HEX_AMP, JSON_HEX_APOS, JSON_NUMERIC_CHECK, JSON_PRETTY_PRINT, JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES, JSON_FORCE_OBJECT, JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE.虽然我没用过。。。
static void json_escape_string(smart_str *buf, char *s, int len, int options TSRMLS_DC) /* {{{ */ { int pos = 0; unsigned short us; unsigned short *utf16; if (len == 0) {//如果长度为0,则直接返回 双引号 "" smart_str_appendl(buf, "\"\"", 2); return; } if (options & PHP_JSON_NUMERIC_CHECK) {//检测是否为0-9的数字,如果是数字,那么就会直接把数据作为long或double类型返回。 double d; int type; long p; if ((type = is_numeric_string(s, len, &p, &d, 0)) != 0) { if (type == IS_LONG) { smart_str_append_long(buf, p); } else if (type == IS_DOUBLE) { if (!zend_isinf(d) && !zend_isnan(d)) { char *tmp; int l = spprintf(&tmp, 0, "%.*k", (int) EG(precision), d); smart_str_appendl(buf, tmp, l); efree(tmp); } else { php_error_docref(NULL TSRMLS_CC, E_WARNING, "double %.9g does not conform to the JSON spec, encoded as 0", d); smart_str_appendc(buf, '0'); } } return; } } utf16 = (unsigned short *) safe_emalloc(len, sizeof(unsigned short), 0); len = utf8_to_utf16(utf16, s, len); //这里会对你输入的值一次处理转成对应的Dec码,比如1是49,a是97这样的,保存到utf16中。 if (len <br> <br> <span> </span><br> <span>//下面这一段代码就是将一些特殊字符转义如 双引号,反斜线等等</span><br> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">while (pos ': if (options & PHP_JSON_HEX_TAG) { smart_str_appendl(buf, "\\u003E", 6); } else { smart_str_appendc(buf, '>'); } break; case '&': if (options & PHP_JSON_HEX_AMP) { smart_str_appendl(buf, "\\u0026", 6); } else { smart_str_appendc(buf, '&'); } break; case '\'': if (options & PHP_JSON_HEX_APOS) { smart_str_appendl(buf, "\\u0027", 6); } else { smart_str_appendc(buf, '\''); } break; default: //一直到这里,没有特殊字符就会把值append到buf中 if (us >= ' ' && (us & 127) == us) { smart_str_appendc(buf, (unsigned char) us); } else { smart_str_appendl(buf, "\\u", 2); us = REVERSE16(us); smart_str_appendc(buf, digits[us & ((1 >= 4; smart_str_appendc(buf, digits[us & ((1 >= 4; smart_str_appendc(buf, digits[us & ((1 >= 4; smart_str_appendc(buf, digits[us & ((1 <br> <br> <span>再来看看数组和对象,也很简单,</span><br> <br> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">
通过简单分析,证明了一个问题,跟我上面用sprintf的方法其实是一样的,都是拼接字符串,
而且 为了性能,更应该鼓励用sprintf来拼接json格式,
因为 json_encode会进行很多 循环操作,而且所消耗的性能是线性的。
当然,此文只是在客观情况下分析了最简单的情况,如果数据是数组或者其他复杂的数据,当然还是建议用json_encode来做。
以上是本文关于PHP的json_encode分析,希望本文对广大php开发者有所帮助,感谢阅读本文。

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