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Unix 系统下的 Nginx 1.4.x ?
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Unix系统下安装PHP+Nginx

Jun 06, 2016 pm 07:58 PM
unix Install system

Unix 系统下的 Nginx 1.4.x ? 本文档包括使用 PHP-FPM 为 Nginx 1.4.x HTTP 服务器安装和配置 PHP 的说明和提示。 本指南假定您已经从源代码成功构建 Nginx,并且其二进制文件和配置文件都位于 /usr/local/nginx 。 如果您使用其他方式获取的 Nginx,请参考?

Unix 系统下的 Nginx 1.4.x ?

本文档包括使用 PHP-FPM 为 Nginx 1.4.x HTTP 服务器安装和配置 PHP 的说明和提示。

本指南假定您已经从源代码成功构建 Nginx,并且其二进制文件和配置文件都位于 /usr/local/nginx。 如果您使用其他方式获取的 Nginx,请参考 ? Nginx Wiki 并对照本文档完成安装。

本文档仅包含 Nginx 服务器的基本配置,它将通过 80 端口提供 PHP 应用的处理能力。 如果您需要超出本文档范围的安装配置指导,建议您查阅 Nginx 和 PHP-FPM 的文档。

需要注意的是,本文档一律使用 'x' 来表示版本号,请根据实际情况将 'x' 替换为对应的版本号。

  1. 建议您访问 Nginx Wiki ? 安装 页面以获取并在您的系统上安装 Nginx。

  2. 获取并解压 PHP 源代码:

    tar zxf php-x.x.x
    
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  3. 配置并构建 PHP。在此步骤您可以使用很多选项自定义 PHP,例如启用某些扩展等。 运行 ./configure --help 命令来获得完整的可用选项清单。 在本示例中,我们仅进行包含 PHP-FPM 和 MySQL 支持的简单配置。

    cd ../php-x.x.x
    ./configure --enable-fpm --with-mysql
    make
    sudo make install
    
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  4. 创建配置文件,并将其复制到正确的位置。

    cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php/php.ini
    cp /usr/local/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/etc/php-fpm.conf
    cp sapi/fpm/php-fpm /usr/local/bin
    
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  5. 需要着重提醒的是,如果文件不存在,则阻止 Nginx 将请求发送到后端的 PHP-FPM 模块, 以避免遭受恶意脚本注入的攻击。

    将 php.ini 文件中的配置项 cgi.fix_pathinfo 设置为 0

    打开 php.ini:

    vim /usr/local/php/php.ini
    
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    定位到 cgi.fix_pathinfo= 并将其修改为如下所示:

    cgi.fix_pathinfo=0
    
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  6. 在启动服务之前,需要修改 php-fpm.conf 配置文件,确保 php-fpm 模块使用 www-data 用户和 www-data 用户组的身份运行。

    vim /usr/local/etc/php-fpm.conf
    
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    找到以下内容并修改:

    ; Unix user/group of processes
    ; Note: The user is mandatory. If the group is not set, the default user's group
    ;       will be used.
    user = www-data
    group = www-data
    
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    然后启动 php-fpm 服务:

    /usr/local/bin/php-fpm
    
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    本文档未涵盖对 php-fpm 进行进一步配置的信息,如果您需要更多信息,请查阅相关文档。

  7. 配置 Nginx 使其支持 PHP 应用:

    vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
    
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    修改默认的 location 块,使其支持 .php 文件:

    location / {
        root   html;
        index  index.php index.html index.htm;
    }
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    下一步配置来保证对于 .php 文件的请求将被传送到后端的 PHP-FPM 模块, 取消默认的 PHP 配置块的注释,并修改为下面的内容:

    location ~* \.php$ {
        fastcgi_index   index.php;
        fastcgi_pass    127.0.0.1:9000;
        include         fastcgi_params;
        fastcgi_param   SCRIPT_FILENAME    $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        fastcgi_param   SCRIPT_NAME        $fastcgi_script_name;
    }
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    重启 Nginx。

    sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
    sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
    
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  8. 创建测试文件。

    rm /usr/local/nginx/html/index.html
    echo "<?php phpinfo(); ?>" >> /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php
    
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    打开浏览器,访问 http://localhost,将会显示 phpinfo() 。

通过以上步骤的配置,Nginx 服务器现在可以以 SAPI 模块的方式支持 PHP 应用了。 请在对应的源代码目录执行 ./configure --help 来查阅更多配置选项。

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