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debian Squeeze配置apache php mysql环境,debian中apache目录结

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Release: 2016-06-06 19:59:03
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1:安装apache 2.X版本 apt-get install apache2 打开apache重写 a2enmod rewrite 安装mysql apt-get install mysql-server 输入密码,确认密码 安装php apt-get install php5 php-pear php5-suhosin php5-gd php5-snmp php5-cgi php5-cli php5-curl libjpeg8

1:安装apache 2.X版本

apt-get install apache2
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打开apache重写
a2enmod rewrite
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安装mysql
apt-get install mysql-server
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输入密码,确认密码

安装php

apt-get install php5 php-pear php5-suhosin php5-gd php5-snmp php5-cgi php5-cli php5-curl libjpeg8-dev php5-imap php5-ldap php5-odbc php5-mcrypt libmcrypt* libmcrypt-dev php5-common php5-xmlrpc php5-memcache php5-memcached php5-xdebug php5-idn php5-ming php5-ps php5-pspell php5-tidy php5-xsl php5-dev
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让mysql支持php5
apt-get install php5-mysql libapache2-mod-php5
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重启
/etc/init.d/apache2 restart
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提示:
No apache MPM package installed
需要安装一个apache的mpm模块:

#apt-get install apache2-mpm-* 

可供安装的模块有四种:
  apache2-mpm-event: Conflicts: apache2-mpm
  apache2-mpm-itk: Conflicts: apache2-mpm
  apache2-mpm-prefork: Conflicts: apache2-mpm
  apache2-mpm-worker: Conflicts: apache2-mpm

就安装mpm-prefork:

#apt-get install apache2-mpm-prefork

2:debian中apache的目录结构
#cd /var/www
#ls -la

root@debian:/etc/apache2# ls -la
total 76
drwxr-xr-x   7 root root  4096 Dec  9 11:09 .
drwxr-xr-x 111 root root  4096 Dec  9 10:41 ..
-rw-r--r--   1 root root  8023 Dec  9 11:09 apache2.conf
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  4096 Dec  4 09:38 conf.d
-rw-r--r--   1 root root  1169 Sep 29 13:58 envvars
-rw-r--r--   1 root root     0 Dec  4 09:38 httpd.conf
-rw-r--r--   1 root root 31063 Sep 29 13:58 magic
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  4096 Dec  8 15:07 mods-available
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  4096 Dec  9 10:21 mods-enabled
-rw-r--r--   1 root root   750 Sep 29 13:58 ports.conf
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  4096 Dec  4 09:38 sites-available
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  4096 Dec  4 09:38 sites-enabled
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apache2.conf为服务器的主配置文件,其中有 Include什么的,是这个配置文件的分割文件,这样方便管理

比如

#Include module configuration:

Include /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/*.load

Include /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/*.conf

#Include all the user configuration:

Include /etc/apache2/httpd.conf

#Include generic snippets of statements

Include /etc/apache2/conf.d/[^.#]*

conf.d  为配置文件的一部分,仅仅提供了charset也就是编码

AddDefaultCharset UTF-8 如果要修改默认编码GB2312 直接修改了就是.

httpd.conf 什么都木有

magic 包含的是mod_mime_magic模块的数据,一般不需要修改它.

ports.conf 服务器监听IP和端口的配置文件

NameVirtualHost *:80Listen 80

    Listen 443

mods-availlable 是一些.conf和.load文件,而mods-enabled目录下则是指向这些配置文件的软链接,而配置文件apache2.conf中是通过mods-enabled来加载这些模块的,即系统是通过mods-available的软链接mods-enable来加载模块. 同时还有2个命令 a2enmod  a2dismod 来使用和禁用这些软链接.这两个命令在apache2-common里面.

命令格式: a2enmod [module]  或者 a2dismod [module]

3.修改www目录为自定义的文件夹地址 比如我要放到 /home/rainysia/www

如果要修改默认的 网站文件所在的文件夹,需要修改这个文件,为了以防万一我们备份一个

root@debian:/etc/apache2#cd sites-enabled
root@debian:/etc/apache2/sites-enabled# cp 000-default 000-default-bak
root@debian:/etc/apache2/sites-enable#vi 000-default
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修改 apache2.conf 里面的

# Include module configuration:
Include mods-enabled/*.load
Include mods-enabled/*.conf

# Include module configuration:
Include /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/*.load
Include /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/*.conf

修改最大连接数为1000

MaxKeepAliveRequests 1000

在最后加入

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps

保存apache2.conf

打开000-default

修改两行内容, DocumentRoot 后面跟的是你指定的www文件地址, 同Directory  注意一个有斜线 /

DocumentRoot /home/rainysia/www

保存

重启apache

/etc/ init.d/apache2 restart
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4:修改php.ini

vim /etc/php5/apache2/php.ini

找到error_reporting = E_ALL & ~E_DEPRECATED 大约在514行

修改为 error_reporting = E_ALL & E_STRICT 

(这里是开发环境,我们用严厉点儿的,如果是要上线,可以在www里面写一个配置文件,来定义 error_reporting = E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE )

下面同理修改

display_errors = On

display_startup_errors = On

track_errors = On

html_errors = On

error_log = /var/log/php.log

session.bug_compat_42 = On

session.bug_compat_warn = On





5:重启的时候 /etc/init.d/apache2 restart 如果报错 说Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx for ServerName

打开httpd.conf

#vim /etc/apache2/httpd.conf

加入一行

ServerName 127.0.0.1


6:phpmyadmin提示缺少mcrypt文件

#apt-get install mcrypt* mhash*

#/etc/init.d/apache2 restart


提示缺少mysqli

在php.ini (/etc/php5/apache2/php.ini) 中找到extension_dir="./" 修改为mysqli.so 所在目录


7:如果需要限制对网站根目录的访问,直接在 Indexes前面加 - 修改下面的


Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all


Options -Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all

8:禁止显示服务器名字 

cd /etc/apache2/conf.d/

vim security

编辑security

加入

ServerTokens Prod

禁止显示apache版本

ServerSignature Off

同时注销掉本身的 用#

保存


然后重启apache即可

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