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Linux平台使用Freetds连接SQL Server服务器,兼容PHP和Laravel

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Release: 2017-05-01 10:40:58
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本文介绍Linux平台如何使用Freetds连接SQL Server服务器,兼容PHP和Laravel,希望对php中文网php初学者有所帮助!

本文在CentOS 7 64bit和Laravel 4.2环境测试通过。

1.下载源码并解压缩

wget ftp://ftp.freetds.org/pub/freetds/stable/freetds-stable.tgz
tar zxvf freetds-stable.tgz
cd freetds-0.91
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2.配置并生成makefile

./configure --with-tdsver=8.0 --enable-msdblib
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3.编译安装

make
sudo make install
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4.配置

默认安装的配置文件位于/usr/local/etc,在/usr/local/etc编辑freetds.conf 文件,默认为

#   $Id: freetds.conf,v 1.12 2007/12/25 06:02:36 jklowden Exp $
#
# This file is installed by FreeTDS if no file by the same 
# name is found in the installation directory.  
#
# For information about the layout of this file and its settings, 
# see the freetds.conf manpage "man freetds.conf".  

# Global settings are overridden by those in a database
# server specific section
[global]
        # TDS protocol version
;       tds version = 4.2

        # Whether to write a TDSDUMP file for diagnostic purposes
        # (setting this to /tmp is insecure on a multi-user system)
;       dump file = /tmp/freetds.log
;       debug flags = 0xffff

        # Command and connection timeouts
;       timeout = 10
;       connect timeout = 10

        # If you get out-of-memory errors, it may mean that your client
        # is trying to allocate a huge buffer for a TEXT field.  
        # Try setting 'text size' to a more reasonable limit 
        text size = 64512

# A typical Sybase server
[egServer50]
        host = symachine.domain.com
        port = 5000
        tds version = 5.0

# A typical Microsoft server
[egServer70]
        host = ntmachine.domain.com
        port = 1433
        tds version = 7.0
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在文件的最后位置添加如下配置,即可连接SQL Server 2000

[sql-server-2000]
        host = 192.168.182.9
        port = 1433
        tds version = 7.0
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如果要连接SQL Server 2005或2008,需要添加以下配置

[sql-server-2005]
        host = 192.168.70.1
        port = 1433
        tds version = 8.0
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4.测试

/usr/local/bin/tsql -S sql-server-2000 -U sa -P test
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如果成功连接,将会出现以下提示

locale is "zh_CN.UTF-8"
locale charset is "UTF-8"
using default charset "UTF-8"
1>
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至此,FreeTDS已经是Linux具备连接SQL Server的功能了。

5.编译PHP扩展

PHP 5.4之后已经没有原生支持的SQL Server的驱动了,因此需要手动编译PHP源码的扩展添加对SQL Server的驱动支持。CentOS 7自带的是5.4版本的PHP,因此我们通过编译5.4版的PHP源码获得扩展。

目前CentOS yum源里最新的php是5.4.16,php可以通过yum安装到系统

sudo yum install php php-devel php-fpm php-common php-mysql php-pdo libzip
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php官网上最新的5.4版本是 5.4.39,下载源码到本地

 wget http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-5.4.39.tar.gz
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解压并进入扩展目录

tar zxvf php-5.4.39.tar.gz
cd php-5.4.39/ext/mssql
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使用phpize生成configure脚本文件

phpize
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生成makefile

./configure
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编译

make
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编译之后将会在modules子目录生成mssql.so扩展文件。复制扩展文件到php的扩展文件目录

sudo cp modules/mssql.so /usr/lib64/php/modules/
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在/etc/php.d目录下新建mssql.ini 文件,输入以下内容

; Enable mssql extension module
extension=mssql.so
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这样PHP就能加载SQL Server驱动了。使用如下代码测试PHP连接SQL Server。

<?php
header("Content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8");

$msdb=mssql_connect("sql-server-2000","sa","test");
if (!$msdb) {
        echo "connect sqlserver error";
        exit;     
}

mssql_select_db("msdb",$msdb);
$result = mssql_query("SELECT top 5 * FROM employee", $msdb);
while($row = mssql_fetch_array($result)) {
        var_dump($row);
}

mssql_free_result($result);
?>
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代码中的数据库配置信息可以替换成别的。测试命令如下

php -f test-mssql.php
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成功执行后将会打印出数据库表中记录数据。

目前原生PHP代码已经可以连接SQL Server了,但是Laravel还是不行,还需要再编译生成一个pdo_dblib.so扩展驱动。

6.编译pdo_dblib.so扩展适配Laravel

cd php-5.4.39/ext/pdo_dblib
./configure
make
sudo cp modules/pdo_dblib.so /usr/lib64/php/modules/
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再到/etc/php.d下新建pdo_dblib.ini,输入以下内容

; Enable pdo_dblib extension module
extension=pdo_dblib.so
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再编辑Laravel的app/config/database.php文件,将sqlsrv区域改为一下形式

&#39;sqlsrv&#39; => array(
                        &#39;driver&#39;   => &#39;sqlsrv&#39;,
                        &#39;host&#39;     => &#39;sql-server-2000&#39;,
                        &#39;database&#39; => &#39;msdb&#39;,
                        &#39;username&#39; => &#39;sa&#39;,
                        &#39;password&#39; => &#39;test&#39;,
                        &#39;prefix&#39;   => &#39;&#39;,
                ),
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这样Laravel也可以连接SQL Server了。

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