centos(7) heartbeat 配置
本文就在centos下,双机功能 的实现 及对heartbeat的配置, 测试。 对于 HA的安装, 本文没有涉及, 如果对安装的问题的同学, 建议参考http://linux-ha.org/download/index.html 1. HA的配置 HeartBeat软件的安装目录为/etc/ha.d,其中, README.config对配
本文就在centos下,双机功能 的实现 及对heartbeat的配置, 测试。
对于 HA的安装, 本文没有涉及, 如果对安装的问题的同学, 建议参考http://linux-ha.org/download/index.html
1. HA的配置
HeartBeat软件的安装目录为/etc/ha.d,其中, README.config对配置文件进行了说明,主要的配置文件是3个, ha.cf, haresource, authkeys
1.1 配置 ha.cf文件
ha.cf 文件是heartbeat的主要配置文件, 可以对heartbeat的多数性能与状态进行配置, 多数选项可以采用默认值,
1.2 配置haresources文件
haresources文件用于指定双机系统的主节点、集群IP、子网掩码、广播地址以及启动的服务等。其配置语句格式如下:
node-name network-config
其中node-name指定双机系统的主节点,取值必须匹配ha.cf文件中node选项设置的主机名中的一个,node选项设置的另一个主机名成为从节点。
network-config用于网络设置,包括指定集群IP、子网掩码、广播地址等。resource-group用于设置heartbeat启动的服务,该服务最终由双机系统通过集群IP对外提供。
下面是笔者的环境所使用的haresources的配置情况,主要是为了mysql来做HA的,:
如果要对httpd进行ha, 可以配置如下:
test 192.168.120.110/24 httpd
其中 test是主机名 httpd 是你想HA的service, 指定了192.168.120.110为cluster IP(VIP),子网掩码是255.255.255.0
还可以向脚本传递参数, 就像上面的例子一样。
1.3 配置 authkeys文件,
authkeys文件用于heartbeat的鉴权设置,共有三种可用的方式crc、md5和sha1。
三种方式安全性依次提高,但同时占用的系统资源也依
次扩大。crc安全性最低,适用于物理上比较安全的网络,sha1提供最为有效的鉴权方式,占用的系统资源也最多
其配置语句格式如下:
auth
本文笔者是sha1的认证方式。
最后,该authkeys文件的文件许可权应该设为600(即-rw-------),命令为:
2. HA的运行与测试
2.1 启动HeartBeat
heartbeat 配置完成之后, 可以使用如下的命令来启动heartbeat
2.2 测试
2.2.1 测试VIP可用性
当用service heartbeat start 之后, 就可以发现 VIP已经可以联通了
2.2.2 测试切换
在主节点hello上调用命令 /etc/rc.d/init.d/heartbeat stop 关闭heartbeat。
使用ifconfig命令可以发现,主节点已经释放了集群IP地址192.168.120.120,并由从节点绑定该IP地址。使用telnet命令登录的是从节点.
原来的主节点
切换之后的主结点
而这个过程中, VIP的联通性是不受影响的

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