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php的正规匹配汉字

Jun 06, 2016 pm 08:01 PM
php match regular Chinese character use need

需要用的php的正规匹配汉字,在网上找了些文章看了以下,看到这个的时候感觉这篇文章写的很真实,忍不住转过来了。 http://hi.baidu.com/comdeng/blog/item/f272362e47ce29564ec226c5.html 在javascript中,要判断字符串是中文是很简单的。比如: var str =

需要用的php的正规匹配汉字,在网上找了些文章看了以下,看到这个的时候感觉这篇文章写的很真实,忍不住转过来了。

 

http://hi.baidu.com/comdeng/blog/item/f272362e47ce29564ec226c5.html

 

在javascript中,要判断字符串是中文是很简单的。比如:
var str = "php编程";
if (/^[/u4e00-/u9fa5]+$/.test(str)) {
alert("该字符串全部是中文");
} else {
alert("该字符串不全部是中文");
}

想当然的,在php中来判断字符串是否为中文,就会沿袭这个思路:
$str = "php编程";
if (preg_match("/^[/u4e00-/u9fa5]+$/",$str)) {
print("该字符串全部是中文");
} else {
print("该字符串不全部是中文");
}
?>

不过,很快就会发现,php并不支持这样的表达,报错:
Warning : preg_match() [function.preg-match ]: Compilation failed: PCRE does not support /L, /l, /N, /U, or /u at offset 3 in test.php on line 3

刚开始从google上查了很多次,想从php正则表达式对于十六进制数据的表达方式上进行突破,发现在php中,是用/x表示十六进制数据的。于是,变换成如下的代码:
$str = "php编程";
if (preg_match("/^[/x4e00-/x9fa5]+$/",$str)) {
print("该字符串全部是中文");
} else {
print("该字符串不全部是中文");
}
貌似不报错了,判断的结果也正确,不过把$str换成“编程”两字,结果却还是显示“该字符串不全部是中文”,看来这样的判断还是不够准确。

后来跑回百度搜“php 匹配汉字 utf 8 ”,发现文章的匹配程度竟然要比google的高多了,看来百度的“百度更懂中文”还在一定程度上是正确的。在第二篇文章《★★★ 求UTF8下匹配汉字的正则, 在线等......... 》中看到了如下的一些内容:

楼主zhiin(┈ Jcan ┈)2006-11-15 15:59:30 在 Web 开发 / PHP 提问

求UTF8下匹配汉字的正则,   不包括全角字符及特殊符号!
  
网上只能找到匹配全角字符的正则:   ^[/x80-/xff]*^/   
[/u4e00-/u9fa5]可以匹配中文,但是PHP又不支持   
  
郁闷中.......

1 楼PleaseDoTellMeWhy(Allah bless you!)回复于 2006-11-15 16:04:55 得分 11

chr(0xa1)   .   '-'   .   chr(0xff)可以匹配所有中文,但是不知道在UTF-8下如何!Top
2 楼zhiin(┈ Jcan ┈)回复于 2006-11-15 16:11:34 得分 0

即使在gb2312下,   chr(0xa1)   .   '-'   .   chr(0xff)   也不对
它把全角符号也匹配进来了Top
3 楼xuzuning(唠叨)回复于 2006-11-15 16:19:56 得分 90

模式修正符:   u  

按照这几位提供的线索逐个试了一下,发现还真的如他们所说,可能还跟编码有关系,因此需要了解一下模式修正符的相关知识——于是继续搜索百度。

在一篇《模式修正符 》的文章中了解到:

u (PCRE_UTF8)

此修正符启用了一个 PCRE 中与 Perl 不兼容的额外功能。模式字符串被当成 UTF-8。本修正符在 Unix 下自 PHP 4.1.0 起可用,在 win32 下自 PHP 4.2.3 起可用。
例子:
preg_match('/[/x{2460}-/x{2468}]/u', $str);    匹配 内码汉字

按照他提供的方式进行测试,代码如下:

$str = "php编程";
if (preg_match("/^[/x{2460}-/x{2468}]+$/u",$str)) {
print("该字符串全部是中文");
} else {
print("该字符串不全部是中文");
}

发现这次依然对是否为中文判断失常。不过,既然/x表示的十六进制数据,为什么和js里边提供的范围/x4e00-/x9fa5不一样呢?于是我就换成了下边的代码:
$str = "php编程";
if (preg_match("/^[/x4e00-/x9fa5]+$/u",$str)) {
print("该字符串全部是中文");
} else {
print("该字符串不全部是中文");
}
本来以为铁定成功了的事情,没想到,warning又一次产生了:
Warning : preg_match() [function.preg-match ]: Compilation failed: invalid UTF-8 string at offset 6 in test.php on line 3
看来又有错误的表达方式了,于是对照了一下那篇文章的表达方式,给“4e00”和“9fa5”两边分别用"{"和“}”包起来,跑了一遍,发现真的准确了:
$str = "php编程";
if (preg_match("/^[/x{4e00}-/x{9fa5}]+$/u",$str)) {
print("该字符串全部是中文");
} else {
print("该字符串不全部是中文");
}

知道了php中utf-8编码下用正则表达式匹配汉字的最终正确表达式——/^[/x{4e00}-/x{9fa5}]+$/u ,于是我又用这个表达式去百度搜索 ,发现竟然还真有别人得出过这样正确的结论,只不过通过常规的方式很难找到而已,而且仅仅搜到有一篇——《用正则删除汉字 》,看来互联网上对于信息的正确性的筛选还是亟待加强的。

ps:对google不死心,也搜索 了一下,又发现了一篇文章《php常用类 》,还是在百度空间的,呵呵,有意思!

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