PHP版本的区别
PHP的版本,自从进入5以后,发布新版本速度明显提升很多,从PHP5.2开始,5.3 、5.4 、5.5,就快要6.0了。 注:ecshop用户请自觉使用php5.2.17版本。呵呵。 在php官网下载php时,我们会发现有vc6、vc9的区别,这是什么意思呢? VC6是legacy Visual Studio 6 c
PHP的版本,自从进入5以后,发布新版本速度明显提升很多,从PHP5.2开始,5.3 、5.4 、5.5,就快要6.0了。
注:ecshop用户请自觉使用php5.2.17版本。呵呵。
在php官网下载php时,我们会发现有vc6、vc9的区别,这是什么意思呢?
VC6是legacy Visual Studio 6 compiler,使用这个版本的编译器编译PHP代码的,使用apache做应用程序服务器,则选择vc6。
VC9是the Visual Studio 2008 compiler,就是用微软的VS编辑器编译的。使用IIS做应用程序服务器,则选择vc9。
那么,我们注意到,php-5.2.17-nts-Win32-VC6-x86.zip php的解压文件中,有nts和没有nts的区别,这个又是什么意思呢?
这要从php的5.2系列版本说起。从5.2.1版本开始,就有ts和nts的区别,Thread Safe(线程安全)和None Thread Safe(NTS,非线程安全)
Windows版的PHP从版本5.2.1开始有Thread Safe(线程安全)和None Thread Safe(NTS,非线程安全)之分,这两者不同在于何处?到底应该用哪种?这里做一个简单的介绍。
从2000年10月20日发布的第一个Windows版的PHP3.0.17开始的都是线程安全的版本,这是因为Linux/Unix系统是采用多进程的工作方式,而Windows系统是采用多线程的工作方式。如果在IIS下以CGI方式运行PHP会非常慢,因为CGI模式建立在多进程的基础之上,而不是多线程。我们在windows上会把PHP配置成以ISAPI的方式来运行,因为ISAPI是多线程的方式,这样就快多了。
但存在一个问题,很多常用的PHP扩展是以Linux/Unix的多进程思想来开发的,这些扩展在ISAPI的方式运行时就会出错,很可能将IIS进程搞崩溃,因此对于IIS来说,CGI模式才是PHP运行的最安全的方式,只不过CGI模式对于每个HTTP请求都需要重新加载和卸载整个PHP环境,其消耗是巨大的。
为了兼顾IIS下PHP的效率和安全,微软给出了FastCGI的解决方案。FastCGI可以让PHP的进程重复利用而不是每一个新的请求就重开一个进程。同时FastCGI也可以允许几个进程同时执行。这样既解决了CGI进程模式消耗太大的问题,又利用上了CGI进程模式不存在线程安全问题的优势。
因此,如果是使用ISAPI的方式来运行PHP就必须用Thread Safe(线程安全)的版本;而用FastCGI模式运行PHP的话就没有必要用线程安全检查了,用None Thread Safe(NTS,非线程安全)的版本能够更好的提高效率。
根据不同的webserver,也就是应用程序服务器,在处理应用请求的时候,有些是用多线程而非多进程的方式,那么由于线程会牵扯到共享寄存器和内存方面的,所以很容易出错(考虑c语言指针的情况),那么系统就需要时间和资源来处理寄存器中的数据,保证它们的一致性,也就是保证线程安全了。
所以是否使用Thread Safe(线程安全),主要看web server所采用的PHP请求处理方式,如果是多线程处理如IIS的ISAPI方式,那么请选择线程安全,如果是FastCGI那么选择非线程安全。
最终建议:IIS下,使用ISAPI方式运行PHP,就使用Thread Safe(线程安全)的版本,使用FastCGI方式运行PHP,就使用None Thread Safe(NTS,非线程安全)的版本。
注:php5.2没有vc9,php5.3、php5.4没有vc6。呵呵。PHP5.5开始,不支持xp和win2003了,更是vc11了,呵呵呵呵。
一般来说,我喜欢使用解压配置版本,更能了解PHP的设置和文件。有c语言基础的同仁可以下载源码看看,说不定更有所心得。

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