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PHP SPL标准库之接口(Interface)详解

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Release: 2016-06-06 20:04:06
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这篇文章主要介绍了PHP SPL标准库之接口(Interface)详解,本文分别讲解了Coutable接口、OuterIterator接口、RecursiveIterator接口、SeekableIterator接口、SplOb

PHP SPL标准库总共有6个接口,如下:

1.Countable
2.OuterIterator
3.RecursiveIterator
4.SeekableIterator
5.SplObserver
6.SplSubject

其中OuterIterator、RecursiveIterator、SeekableIterator都是继承Iterator类的,下面会对每种接口作用和使用进行详细说明。

Coutable接口:

实现Countable接口的对象可用于count()函数计数。

复制代码 代码如下:


class Mycount implements Countable
{
    public function count()
    {
        static $count = 0;
        $count++;
        return $count;
    }
}
 
$count = new Mycount();
$count->count();
$count->count();
 
echo count($count); //3
echo count($count); //4

说明:

调用count()函数时,Mycount::count()方法被调用
count()函数的第二个参数将不会产生影响

OuterIterator接口:

自定义或修改迭代过程。

复制代码 代码如下:


//IteratorIterator是OuterIterator的一个实现类
class MyOuterIterator extends  IteratorIterator {
 
    public function current()
    {
        return parent::current() . 'TEST';
    }
}
 
foreach(new MyOuterIterator(new ArrayIterator(['b','a','c'])) as $key => $value) {
    echo "$key->$value".PHP_EOL;
}
/*
结果:
0->bTEST
1->aTEST
2->cTEST
*/

在实际运用中,,OuterIterator极其有用:

复制代码 代码如下:


$db = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=test', 'root', 'mckee');
$db->query('set names utf8');
$pdoStatement = $db->query('SELECT * FROM test1', PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
$iterator = new IteratorIterator($pdoStatement);
$tenRecordArray = iterator_to_array($iterator);
print_r($tenRecordArray);

RecursiveIterator接口:
用于循环迭代多层结构的数据,RecursiveIterator另外提供了两个方法:

RecursiveIterator::getChildren 获取当前元素下子迭代器
RecursiveIterator::hasChildren 判断当前元素下是否有迭代器

复制代码 代码如下:


class MyRecursiveIterator implements RecursiveIterator
{
    private $_data;
    private $_position = 0;
 
    public function __construct(array $data) {
        $this->_data = $data;
    }
 
    public function valid() {
        return isset($this->_data[$this->_position]);
    }
 
    public function hasChildren() {
        return is_array($this->_data[$this->_position]);
    }
 
    public function next() {
        $this->_position++;
    }
 
    public function current() {
        return $this->_data[$this->_position];
    }
 
    public function getChildren() {
        print_r($this->_data[$this->_position]);
    }
 
    public function rewind() {
        $this->_position = 0;
    }
 
    public function key() {
        return $this->_position;
    }
}
 
$arr = array(0, 1=> array(10, 20), 2, 3 => array(1, 2));
$mri = new MyRecursiveIterator($arr);
 
foreach ($mri as $c => $v) {
    if ($mri->hasChildren()) {
        echo "$c has children: " .PHP_EOL;
        $mri->getChildren();
    } else {
        echo "$v" .PHP_EOL;
    }
 
}
/*
结果:
0
1 has children:
Array
(
    [0] => 10
    [1] => 20
)
2
3 has children:
Array
(
    [0] => 1
    [1] => 2
)
*/

SeekableIterator接口:

通过seek()方法实现可搜索的迭代器,用于搜索某个位置下的元素。

复制代码 代码如下:

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