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php中mysql连接方式PDO使用详解

Jun 06, 2016 pm 08:09 PM
mysql pdo php

本文主要详细介绍了PHP中mysql的连接方式PDO的各种使用方法,算是个人的一个小结,如有遗漏还请告之,有需要的小伙伴来参考下吧。

PDO常用方法:

PDO::query()主要用于有记录结果返回的操作(PDOStatement),特别是select操作。

PDO::exec()主要是针对没有结果集合返回的操作。如insert,update等操作。返回影响行数。
PDO::lastInsertId()返回上次插入操作最后一条ID,但要注意:如果用insert into tb(col1,col2) values(v1,v2),(v11,v22)..的方式一次插入多条记录,lastinsertid()返回的只是第一条(v1,v2)插入时的ID,而不是最后一条记录插入的记录ID。
PDOStatement::fetch()是用来获取一条记录。配合while来遍历。
PDOStatement::fetchAll()是获取所有记录集到一个中。
PDOStatement::fetchcolumn([int column_indexnum])用于直接访问列,参数column_indexnum是该列在行中的从0开始索引值,但是,这个方法一次只能取得同一行的一列,只要执行一次,就跳到下一行。因此,用于直接访问某一列时较好用,但要遍历多列就用不上。
PDOStatement::rowcount()适用于当用query("select ...")方法时,获取记录的条数。也可以用于预处理中。$stmt->rowcount();
PDOStatement::columncount()适用于当用query("select ...")方法时,获取记录的列数。

注解:
1、选fetch还是fetchall?
小记录集时,用fetchall效率高,减少从数据库检索次数,但对于大结果集,用fetchall则给系统带来很大负担。数据库要向WEB前端传输量太大反而效率低。
2、fetch()或fetchall()有几个参数:
mixed pdostatement::fetch([int fetch_style [,int cursor_orientation [,int cursor_offset]]])
array pdostatement::fetchAll(int fetch_style)

fetch_style参数:
■$row=$rs->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_BOTH); FETCH_BOTH是默认的,可省,返回关联和索引。
■$row=$rs->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC); FETCH_ASSOC参数决定返回的只有关联数组。
■$row=$rs->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_NUM); 返回索引数组
■$row=$rs->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_OBJ); 如果fetch()则返回对象,如果是fetchall(),返回由对象组成的二维数组

复制代码 代码如下:


$dbh = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=access_control', 'root', ''); 
$dbh->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION); 
$dbh->exec('set names utf8');
/*添加*/
//$sql = "INSERT INTO `user` SET `login`=:login AND `password`=:password";
$sql = "INSERT INTO `user` (`login` ,`password`)VALUES (:login, :password)";  $stmt = $dbh->prepare($sql);  $stmt->execute(array(':login'=>'kevin2',':password'=>'')); 
echo $dbh->lastinsertid(); 
/*修改*/
$sql = "UPDATE `user` SET `password`=:password WHERE `user_id`=:userId"; 
$stmt = $dbh->prepare($sql); 
$stmt->execute(array(':userId'=>'7', ':password'=>'4607e782c4d86fd5364d7e4508bb10d9')); 
echo $stmt->rowCount();
/*删除*/
$sql = "DELETE FROM `user` WHERE `login` LIKE 'kevin_'"; //kevin% 
$stmt = $dbh->prepare($sql); 
$stmt->execute(); 
echo $stmt->rowCount(); 
/*查询*/
$login = 'kevin%'; 
$sql = "SELECT * FROM `user` WHERE `login` LIKE :login"; 
$stmt = $dbh->prepare($sql); 
$stmt->execute(array(':login'=>$login)); 
while($row = $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)){    
 print_r($row); 

print_r( $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC));
?>

1 建立连接

复制代码 代码如下:


   $dbh=newPDO('mysql:host=localhost;port=3306; dbname=test',$user,$pass,array(
 PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT=>true
 ));
 ?>

持久性链接PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT=>true

2. 捕捉错误

复制代码 代码如下:


   try{
 $dbh=newPDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=test',$user,$pass);
 $dbh->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE,PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
 $dbh->exec("SET CHARACTER SET utf8");
 $dbh=null; //断开连接
 }catch(PDOException$e){
 print"Error!:".$e->getMessage()."
";
 die();
 }
 ?>

3. 事务的

复制代码 代码如下:


try{
$dbh->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE,PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
$dbh->beginTransaction();//开启事务
$dbh->exec("insertintostaff(id,first,last)values(23,'Joe','Bloggs')");
$dbh->exec("insertintosalarychange(id,amount,changedate)
values(23,50000,NOW())");
$dbh->commit();//提交事务
}catch(Exception$e){
$dbh->rollBack();//错误回滚
echo"Failed:".$e->getMessage();
}
?>

4. 错误处理

a. 静默模式(默认模式)

复制代码 代码如下:


$dbh->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE,PDO::ERRMODE_SILENT); //不显示错误
$dbh->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_WARNING);//显示警告错误,并继续执行
$dbh->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE,PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);//产生致命错误,PDOException

复制代码 代码如下:

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