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8个PHP程序员常用的功能汇总

Jun 06, 2016 pm 08:15 PM
php Common Functions

这篇文章主要介绍了8个PHP程序员常用的功能汇总,需要的朋友可以参考下

  做过PHP开发的程序员应该清楚,PHP中有很多内置的功能,掌握了它们,可以帮助你在做PHP开发时更加得心应手,本文将分享8个开发必备的PHP功能,个个都非常实用,希望各位PHP开发者能够掌握。

  1、传递任意数量的函数参数

  我们在.NET或者JAVA编程中,一般函数参数个数都是固定的,但是PHP允许你使用任意个数的参数。下面这个示例向你展示了PHP函数的默认参数:

复制代码 代码如下:


// 两个默认参数的函数
function foo($arg1 = ”, $arg2 = ”) {
echo “arg1: $arg1\n”;
echo “arg2: $arg2\n”;
}
foo(‘hello','world');
 /* 输出:
arg1: hello
 arg2: world
 */
foo();
 /* 输出:
arg1:
 arg2:
 */

  下面这个示例是PHP的不定参数用法,其使用到了?func_get_args()方法:

复制代码 代码如下:


// 是的,形参列表为空
function foo() {
// 取得所有的传入参数的数组
$args = func_get_args();
foreach ($args as $k => $v) {
 echo “arg”.($k+1).”: $v\n”;
 }
}
foo();
 /* 什么也不会输出 */
foo(‘hello');
 /* 输出
arg1: hello
 */
foo(‘hello', ‘world', ‘again');
 /* 输出
arg1: hello
 arg2: world
 arg3: again
 */

  2、使用glob()查找文件

  大部分PHP函数的函数名从字面上都可以理解其用途,但是当你看到?glob() 的时候,你也许并不知道这是用来做什么的,其实glob()和scandir() 一样,可以用来查找文件,请看下面的用法:

复制代码 代码如下:


// 取得所有的后缀为PHP的文件
$files = glob(‘*.php');
 
print_r($files);
 /* 输出:
Array
 (
 [0] => phptest.php
 [1] => pi.php
 [2] => post_output.php
 [3] => test.php
 )
 */

  你还可以查找多种后缀名

复制代码 代码如下:


// 取PHP文件和TXT文件
$files = glob(‘*.{php,txt}', GLOB_BRACE);
 
print_r($files);
 /* 输出:
Array
 (
 [0] => phptest.php
 [1] => pi.php
 [2] => post_output.php
 [3] => test.php
 [4] => log.txt
 [5] => test.txt
 )
 */

  你还可以加上路径:

复制代码 代码如下:


$files = glob(‘../images/a*.jpg');
print_r($files);
 /* 输出:
Array
 (
 [0] => ../images/apple.jpg
 [1] => ../images/art.jpg
 )
 */

  如果你想得到绝对路径,你可以调用?realpath() 函数:

复制代码 代码如下:


$files = glob(‘../images/a*.jpg');
// applies the function to each array element
 $files = array_map(‘realpath',$files);
print_r($files);
 /* output looks like:
 Array
 (
 [0] => C:\wamp\www\images\apple.jpg
 [1] => C:\wamp\www\images\art.jpg
 )
 */

  3、获取内存使用情况信息

  PHP的内存回收机制已经非常强大,你也可以使用PHP脚本获取当前内存的使用情况,调用memory_get_usage() 函数获取当期内存使用情况,调用memory_get_peak_usage() 函数获取内存使用的峰值。参考代码如下:

复制代码 代码如下:


echo “Initial: “.memory_get_usage().” bytes \n”;
 /* 输出
Initial: 361400 bytes
 */
// 使用内存
for ($i = 0; $i  $array []= md5($i);
 }
// 删除一半的内存
for ($i = 0; $i  unset($array[$i]);
 }
echo “Final: “.memory_get_usage().” bytes \n”;
 /* prints
 Final: 885912 bytes
 */
echo “Peak: “.memory_get_peak_usage().” bytes \n”;
 /* 输出峰值
Peak: 13687072 bytes
 */

  4、获取CPU使用情况信息

  获取了内存使用情况,也可以使用PHP的getrusage()获取CPU使用情况,该方法在windows下不可用。

复制代码 代码如下:


print_r(getrusage());
 /* 输出
Array
 (
 [ru_oublock] => 0
 [ru_inblock] => 0
 [ru_msgsnd] => 2
 [ru_msgrcv] => 3
 [ru_maxrss] => 12692
 [ru_ixrss] => 764
 [ru_idrss] => 3864
 [ru_minflt] => 94
 [ru_majflt] => 0
 [ru_nsignals] => 1
 [ru_nvcsw] => 67
 [ru_nivcsw] => 4
 [ru_nswap] => 0
 [ru_utime.tv_usec] => 0
 [ru_utime.tv_sec] => 0
 [ru_stime.tv_usec] => 6269
 [ru_stime.tv_sec] => 0
 )
*/

  这个结构看上出很晦涩,除非你对CPU很了解。下面一些解释:

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