hibernate 映射继承关系
实现方式一般有三种: 1. 继承关系树每个具体类对应一张表(不介绍) 2. 继承关系树的根类对应一张表 3. 继承关系树的每个类对应一张表 先介绍关系: DayEmployee和MonthEmploy是Employee的子类,并且Company和Employee是一对多关系: 具体代码如下: Compan
实现方式一般有三种:
1. 继承关系树每个具体类对应一张表(不介绍)
2. 继承关系树的根类对应一张表
3. 继承关系树的每个类对应一张表
先介绍关系:
DayEmployee和MonthEmploy是Employee的子类,并且Company和Employee是一对多关系:
具体代码如下:
Company.java
<code class=" hljs java"><span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> java.util.HashSet; <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> java.util.Set; <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">Company</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> Integer id; <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> String name; <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> Set<Employee> employees = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> HashSet<Employee>(); <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-title">Company</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword">super</span>(); } <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-title">Company</span>(String name) { <span class="hljs-keyword">super</span>(); <span class="hljs-keyword">this</span>.name = name; } <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> Integer <span class="hljs-title">getId</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> id; } <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">setId</span>(Integer id) { <span class="hljs-keyword">this</span>.id = id; } <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> String <span class="hljs-title">getName</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> name; } <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">setName</span>(String name) { <span class="hljs-keyword">this</span>.name = name; } <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> Set<Employee> <span class="hljs-title">getEmployees</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> employees; } <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">setEmployees</span>(Set<Employee> employees) { <span class="hljs-keyword">this</span>.employees = employees; } }</code>
Employee.java
<code class=" hljs cs"> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> Employee { <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> Integer id; <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> String name; <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> Integer age; <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> Company company; <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> Company <span class="hljs-title">getCompany</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> company; } <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">setCompany</span>(Company company) { <span class="hljs-keyword">this</span>.company = company; } <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> Integer <span class="hljs-title">getId</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> id; } <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">setId</span>(Integer id) { <span class="hljs-keyword">this</span>.id = id; } <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> String <span class="hljs-title">getName</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> name; } <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">setName</span>(String name) { <span class="hljs-keyword">this</span>.name = name; } <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> Integer <span class="hljs-title">getAge</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> age; } <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">setAge</span>(Integer age) { <span class="hljs-keyword">this</span>.age = age; } } </code>
DayEmployee.java
<code class=" hljs java"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">DayEmployee</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title">Employee</span>{</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> Double dayMoney; <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> Double <span class="hljs-title">getDayMoney</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> dayMoney; } <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">setDayMoney</span>(Double dayMoney) { <span class="hljs-keyword">this</span>.dayMoney = dayMoney; } } </code>
MonthEmploy.java
<code class=" hljs java"> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">MonthEmploy</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title">Employee</span>{</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> Double monthMoney; <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> Double <span class="hljs-title">getMonthMoney</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> monthMoney; } <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">setMonthMoney</span>(Double monthMoney) { <span class="hljs-keyword">this</span>.monthMoney = monthMoney; } } </code>
Company.hbm.xml
<code class=" hljs xml"><span class="hljs-pi"><?xml version="1.0"?></span> <span class="hljs-doctype"><!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">hibernate-mapping</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">package</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.dongecs.test1.pojo"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">class</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"Company"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">table</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"COMPANY"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">id</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"id"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"java.lang.Integer"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">column</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"ID"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">generator</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">class</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"native"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">id</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">property</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"name"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"java.lang.String"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">column</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"NAME"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">property</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">set</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"employees"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">table</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"EMPLOYEE"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">inverse</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"true"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">lazy</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"true"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">key</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">column</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"COMPANY"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">key</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">one-to-many</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">class</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"Employee"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">set</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">class</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">hibernate-mapping</span>></span></code>
继承关系树的根类对应一张表对应的Employee.hbm.xml的写法
Employee.hbm.xml
<code class=" hljs xml"><span class="hljs-pi"><?xml version="1.0"?></span> <span class="hljs-doctype"><!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">hibernate-mapping</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">package</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.dongecs.test1.pojo"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 利用discriminator-value默认 empType 的值为emp --></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">class</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"Employee"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">table</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"EMPLOYEE"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">discriminator-value</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"emp"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">id</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"id"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"java.lang.Integer"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">column</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"ID"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">generator</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">class</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"native"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">id</span>></span> <span class="hljs-comment"><!--用于识别此类的类别 --></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">discriminator</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">column</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"empType"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"string"</span>/></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">property</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"name"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"java.lang.String"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">column</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"NAME"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">property</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">property</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"age"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"java.lang.Integer"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">column</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"AGE"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">property</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">many-to-one</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"company"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">class</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"Company"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">fetch</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"join"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">column</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"COMPANY"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">many-to-one</span>></span> <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 若为DayEmployee,那么将empType的值设为DE --></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">subclass</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"DayEmployee"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">discriminator-value</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"DE"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">property</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"dayMoney"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"double"</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">property</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">subclass</span>></span> <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 若为MonthEmploy,那么将empType的值设为ME --></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">subclass</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"MonthEmploy"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">discriminator-value</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"ME"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">property</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"monthMoney"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"double"</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">property</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">subclass</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">class</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">hibernate-mapping</span>></span> </code>
利用上述代码作如下测试:
<code class=" hljs java"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">EmployeeTest</span> {</span> SessionFactory sessionFactory = <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>; Session session = <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>; Transaction transaction = <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>; <span class="hljs-annotation">@Before</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">init</span>() { Configuration configuration = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> Configuration().configure(); ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(configuration.getProperties()) .buildServiceRegistry(); sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry); session = sessionFactory.openSession(); transaction = session.beginTransaction(); } <span class="hljs-annotation">@After</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">after</span>() { transaction.commit(); session.close(); sessionFactory.close(); } <span class="hljs-annotation">@Test</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">testEmployee</span>() { Company company = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> Company(<span class="hljs-string">"com1"</span>); DayEmployee d1 = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> DayEmployee(); d1.setAge(<span class="hljs-number">22</span>); d1.setDayMoney(<span class="hljs-number">50.0</span>); d1.setName(<span class="hljs-string">"d1"</span>); MonthEmploy d2 = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> MonthEmploy(); d2.setAge(<span class="hljs-number">30</span>); d2.setMonthMoney(<span class="hljs-number">79.0</span>); d2.setName(<span class="hljs-string">"d2"</span>); Employee employee = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> Employee(); employee.setAge(<span class="hljs-number">90</span>); employee.setName(<span class="hljs-string">"employee"</span>); d1.setCompany(company); d2.setCompany(company); employee.setCompany(company); <span class="hljs-comment">//inverse = true 时可以关联, 当相对多出3条update,因此建议使用多的一端关联</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// company.getEmployees().add(employee);</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// company.getEmployees().add(d1);</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// company.getEmployees().add(d2);</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//把一的一段放到最前保存,可以减小3条更新操作</span> session.save(company); session.save(employee); session.save(d2); session.save(d1); } }</code>
会得出如下结果:
继承关系树的每个类对应一张表Employee.hbm.xml的写法
<code class=" hljs xml"><span class="hljs-pi"><?xml version="1.0"?></span> <span class="hljs-doctype"><!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">hibernate-mapping</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">package</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"com.dongecs.test1.pojo"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">class</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"Employee"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">table</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"EMPLOYEE"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">id</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"id"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"java.lang.Integer"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">column</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"ID"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">generator</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">class</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"native"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">id</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">property</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"name"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"java.lang.String"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">column</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"NAME"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">property</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">property</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"age"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"java.lang.Integer"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">column</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"AGE"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">property</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">many-to-one</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"company"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">class</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"Company"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">fetch</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"join"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">column</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"COMPANY"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">many-to-one</span>></span> <span class="hljs-comment"><!-- 利用joined-subclass表签外键关联MonthEmploy --></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">joined-subclass</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"MonthEmploy"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">table</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"MONEMPLOY"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">key</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">column</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"EMPLOYEE_ID"</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">key</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">property</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"monthMoney"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"double"</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">property</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">joined-subclass</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">joined-subclass</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"DayEmployee"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">table</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"DAYEMPLOY"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">key</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">column</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"EMPLOYEE_ID"</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">key</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"><<span class="hljs-title">property</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"dayMoney"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value">"double"</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">property</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">joined-subclass</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">class</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag"></<span class="hljs-title">hibernate-mapping</span>></span></code>
测试代码:
<code class=" hljs java"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">EmployeeTest</span> {</span> SessionFactory sessionFactory = <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>; Session session = <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>; Transaction transaction = <span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>; <span class="hljs-annotation">@Before</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">init</span>() { Configuration configuration = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> Configuration().configure(); ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(configuration.getProperties()) .buildServiceRegistry(); sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry); session = sessionFactory.openSession(); transaction = session.beginTransaction(); } <span class="hljs-annotation">@After</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">after</span>() { transaction.commit(); session.close(); sessionFactory.close(); } <span class="hljs-annotation">@Test</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">testEmployee</span>() { Company company = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> Company(<span class="hljs-string">"com1"</span>); DayEmployee d1 = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> DayEmployee(); d1.setAge(<span class="hljs-number">22</span>); d1.setDayMoney(<span class="hljs-number">50.0</span>); d1.setName(<span class="hljs-string">"d1"</span>); MonthEmploy d2 = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> MonthEmploy(); d2.setAge(<span class="hljs-number">30</span>); d2.setMonthMoney(<span class="hljs-number">79.0</span>); d2.setName(<span class="hljs-string">"d2"</span>); Employee employee = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> Employee(); employee.setAge(<span class="hljs-number">90</span>); employee.setName(<span class="hljs-string">"employee"</span>); d1.setCompany(company); d2.setCompany(company); employee.setCompany(company); <span class="hljs-comment">//inverse = true 时可以关联, 当相对多出3条update,因此建议使用多的一端关联</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// company.getEmployees().add(employee);</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// company.getEmployees().add(d1);</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// company.getEmployees().add(d2);</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//把一的一段放到最前保存,可以减小3条更新操作</span> session.save(company); session.save(employee); session.save(d2); session.save(d1); } <span class="hljs-annotation">@Test</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">findFromEmployeeTable</span>(){ String hql = <span class="hljs-string">"from Employee"</span>; <span class="hljs-comment">//通过左外链接找</span> List<Employee> list = session.createQuery(hql).list(); <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> (Employee emp : list){ <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (emp <span class="hljs-keyword">instanceof</span> DayEmployee){ System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string">"day"</span>); } <span class="hljs-keyword">else</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (emp <span class="hljs-keyword">instanceof</span> MonthEmploy){ System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string">"mon"</span>); } <span class="hljs-keyword">else</span> { System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string">"emp"</span>); } } } <span class="hljs-annotation">@Test</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">findFromDayEmployeeTable</span>(){ String hql = <span class="hljs-string">"from DayEmployee"</span>; <span class="hljs-comment">//通过内连接找</span> List<Employee> list = session.createQuery(hql).list(); System.out.println(list.size()); } } </code>
得出如下结果:
结论:
1.使用根类对应一张表
好处:只需创建一张表,不用外键关联
缺点:如果子类属性多,会导致另一子类有过多的空值,而且不能设置一些字段的not null约束,因此不能保证数据库的完整性
2.每个类对应一张表(外键关联)
好处:如果某个类的属性发生变化,只需修改和这个类对应的表
缺点:利用外键关联查询
ref:
孙卫琴.精通Hibernate:Java对象持久化技术详解

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Éditeur de code facile à utiliser et gratuit

SublimeText3 version chinoise
Version chinoise, très simple à utiliser

Envoyer Studio 13.0.1
Puissant environnement de développement intégré PHP

Dreamweaver CS6
Outils de développement Web visuel

SublimeText3 version Mac
Logiciel d'édition de code au niveau de Dieu (SublimeText3)

Comment mettre en œuvre la double connexion WeChat sur les téléphones mobiles Huawei ? Avec l’essor des réseaux sociaux, WeChat est devenu l’un des outils de communication indispensables dans la vie quotidienne des gens. Cependant, de nombreuses personnes peuvent rencontrer un problème : se connecter à plusieurs comptes WeChat en même temps sur le même téléphone mobile. Pour les utilisateurs de téléphones mobiles Huawei, il n'est pas difficile d'obtenir une double connexion WeChat. Cet article explique comment obtenir une double connexion WeChat sur les téléphones mobiles Huawei. Tout d'abord, le système EMUI fourni avec les téléphones mobiles Huawei offre une fonction très pratique : l'ouverture d'une double application. Grâce à la fonction de double ouverture de l'application, les utilisateurs peuvent simultanément

Dans l'héritage de fonction, utilisez le « pointeur de classe de base » et le « pointeur de classe dérivée » pour comprendre le mécanisme d'héritage : lorsque le pointeur de classe de base pointe vers l'objet de classe dérivé, une transformation ascendante est effectuée et seuls les membres de la classe de base sont accessibles. Lorsqu’un pointeur de classe dérivée pointe vers un objet de classe de base, une conversion vers le bas est effectuée (dangereuse) et doit être utilisée avec prudence.

Le langage de programmation PHP est un outil puissant pour le développement Web, capable de prendre en charge une variété de logiques et d'algorithmes de programmation différents. Parmi eux, l’implémentation de la séquence de Fibonacci est un problème de programmation courant et classique. Dans cet article, nous présenterons comment utiliser le langage de programmation PHP pour implémenter la séquence de Fibonacci et joindrons des exemples de code spécifiques. La suite de Fibonacci est une suite mathématique définie comme suit : le premier et le deuxième élément de la suite valent 1, et à partir du troisième élément, la valeur de chaque élément est égale à la somme des deux éléments précédents. Les premiers éléments de la séquence

Comment mettre en œuvre la fonction de clonage WeChat sur les téléphones mobiles Huawei Avec la popularité des logiciels sociaux et l'importance croissante accordée à la confidentialité et à la sécurité, la fonction de clonage WeChat est progressivement devenue le centre d'attention. La fonction de clonage WeChat peut aider les utilisateurs à se connecter simultanément à plusieurs comptes WeChat sur le même téléphone mobile, ce qui facilite la gestion et l'utilisation. Il n'est pas difficile de mettre en œuvre la fonction de clonage WeChat sur les téléphones mobiles Huawei. Il vous suffit de suivre les étapes suivantes. Étape 1 : Assurez-vous que la version du système de téléphonie mobile et la version de WeChat répondent aux exigences. Tout d'abord, assurez-vous que la version de votre système de téléphonie mobile Huawei a été mise à jour vers la dernière version, ainsi que l'application WeChat.

Dans le domaine actuel du développement logiciel, Golang (langage Go), en tant que langage de programmation efficace, concis et hautement simultané, est de plus en plus favorisé par les développeurs. Sa riche bibliothèque de normes et ses fonctionnalités de concurrence efficaces en font un choix de premier plan dans le domaine du développement de jeux. Cet article explorera comment utiliser Golang pour le développement de jeux et démontrera ses puissantes possibilités à travers des exemples de code spécifiques. 1. Avantages de Golang dans le développement de jeux. En tant que langage typé statiquement, Golang est utilisé dans la construction de systèmes de jeux à grande échelle.

Guide d'implémentation des exigences du jeu PHP Avec la popularité et le développement d'Internet, le marché des jeux Web devient de plus en plus populaire. De nombreux développeurs espèrent utiliser le langage PHP pour développer leurs propres jeux Web, et la mise en œuvre des exigences du jeu constitue une étape clé. Cet article explique comment utiliser le langage PHP pour implémenter les exigences courantes du jeu et fournit des exemples de code spécifiques. 1. Créer des personnages de jeu Dans les jeux Web, les personnages de jeu sont un élément très important. Nous devons définir les attributs du personnage du jeu, tels que le nom, le niveau, la valeur de l'expérience, etc., et fournir des méthodes pour les exploiter.

L'héritage et le polymorphisme affectent le couplage des classes : l'héritage augmente le couplage car la classe dérivée dépend de la classe de base. Le polymorphisme réduit le couplage car les objets peuvent répondre aux messages de manière cohérente via des fonctions virtuelles et des pointeurs de classe de base. Les meilleures pratiques incluent l'utilisation de l'héritage avec parcimonie, la définition d'interfaces publiques, l'évitement de l'ajout de données membres aux classes de base et le découplage des classes via l'injection de dépendances. Un exemple pratique montrant comment utiliser le polymorphisme et l'injection de dépendances pour réduire le couplage dans une application de compte bancaire.

Conseils de débogage des erreurs d’héritage : assurez-vous que les relations d’héritage sont correctes. Utilisez le débogueur pour parcourir le code et examiner les valeurs des variables. Assurez-vous d'utiliser correctement le modificateur virtuel. Examinez le problème des diamants d'héritage causé par l'héritage caché. Recherchez les fonctions virtuelles pures non implémentées dans les classes abstraites.
