比较direct方式使用并行和非并行选项的性能差异。 并行测试 创建测试表 create table sqlldr_paral nologging PARTITION BY HASH (sfzh) (partition p1 tablespace users , partition p2tablespace zdry_tbs2 ) AS SELECT *FROM sfxx2 where 1=2 ; sqlldr_pa
创建测试表
create table sqlldr_paral
nologging
PARTITION BY HASH (sfzh)
(partition p1 tablespace users , partition p2tablespace zdry_tbs2 )
AS SELECT *FROM sfxx2 where 1=2 ;
sqlldr_paral.ctl
LOAD DATA
INFILE 'd:\flatfile\flatfile.dat'
APPEND
INTO TABLE sqlldr_paral
fields terminated by X'23'
TRAILING NULLCOLS
(zj,
…字段太多省略
cjdwdm)
sqlldr_paral.par
USERID=zdrygk/zdrygk
CONTROL='d:\flatfile\sqlldr_paral.ctl'
DATA='d:\flatfile\flatfile.dat'
LOG='d:\flatfile\sqlldr_paral.log'
DIRECT=true
parallel=true
ERRORS=10000
执行
D:\flatfile>sqlldrparfile=d:\flatfile\sqlldr_paral.par
SQL*Loader: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production onMon Jan 7 23:21:42 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or itsaffiliates. All rights reserved.
Load completed - logical record count 3022375.
sqlldr_paral.log
Control File: d:\flatfile\sqlldr_paral.ctl
Data File: d:\flatfile\flatfile.dat
BadFile: d:\flatfile\flatfile.bad
DiscardFile: none specified
(Allowall discards)
Number to load: ALL
Number to skip: 0
Errors allowed: 10000
Continuation: none specified
Path used: Direct- with parallel option. -----这里指定了并行选项
Table SQLLDR_PARAL, loaded from every logicalrecord.
Insert option in effect for this table: APPEND
TRAILING NULLCOLS option in effect
Table SQLLDR_PARAL:
3017264Rows successfully loaded.
5111Rows not loaded due to data errors.
0 Rows not loaded because all WHEN clauseswere failed.
0 Rowsnot loaded because all fields were null.
Dateconversion cache disabled due to overflow (default size: 1000)
Partition P1: 1509091 Rows loaded.
Partition P2: 1508173 Rows loaded.
Bind array size not used in direct path.
Column array rows : 5000
Stream buffer bytes: 256000
Read buffer bytes: 1048576
Total logical records skipped: 0
Total logical records read: 3022375
Total logical records rejected: 5111
Total logical records discarded: 0
Total stream buffers loaded by SQL*Loader mainthread: 1301
Total stream buffers loaded by SQL*Loader loadthread: 3901
Run began on Mon Jan 07 23:21:42 2013
Run ended on Mon Jan 07 23:22:18 2013
Elapsed time was: 00:00:35.91
CPU time was: 00:00:25.79
创建测试表
create table sqlldr_nopal
nologging
PARTITION BY HASH (sfzh)
(partition p1 tablespace users , partition p2tablespace zdry_tbs2 )
AS SELECT *FROM sfxx2 where 1=2 ;
sqlldr_nopar.ctl
LOAD DATA
INFILE 'd:\flatfile\flatfile.dat'
APPEND
INTO TABLEsqlldr_nopar
fields terminated by X'23'
TRAILING NULLCOLS
(zj,
…字段太多省略
cjdwdm)
sqlldr_nopar.par
这里删除了并行选项
USERID=zdrygk/zdrygk
CONTROL='d:\flatfile\sqlldr_nopar.ctl'
DATA='d:\flatfile\flatfile.dat'
LOG='d:\flatfile\sqlldr_nopar.log'
DIRECT=true
ERRORS=10000
执行
D:\flatfile>sqlldrparfile=d:\flatfile\sqlldr_nopar.par
SQL*Loader: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production onMon Jan 7 23:20:54 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or itsaffiliates. All rights reserved.
Load completed - logical record count 3022375.
sqlldr_nopar.log
Control File: d:\flatfile\sqlldr_nopar.ctl
Data File: d:\flatfile\flatfile.dat
BadFile: d:\flatfile\flatfile.bad
DiscardFile: none specified
(Allowall discards)
Number to load: ALL
Number to skip: 0
Errors allowed: 10000
Continuation: none specified
Path used: Direct ----这里只是指定了直接路径加载
Table SQLLDR_NOPAR, loaded from every logicalrecord.
Insert option in effect for this table: APPEND
TRAILING NULLCOLS option in effect
Table SQLLDR_NOPAR:
3017264Rows successfully loaded.
5111Rows not loaded due to data errors.
0 Rows not loaded because all WHEN clauseswere failed.
0 Rowsnot loaded because all fields were null.
Dateconversion cache disabled due to overflow (default size: 1000)
Partition P1: 1509091 Rows loaded.
Partition P2: 1508173 Rows loaded.
Bind array size not used in direct path.
Column array rows : 5000
Stream buffer bytes: 256000
Read buffer bytes: 1048576
Total logical records skipped: 0
Total logical records read: 3022375
Total logical records rejected: 5111
Total logical records discarded: 0
Total stream buffers loaded by SQL*Loader mainthread: 1301
Total stream buffers loaded by SQL*Loader loadthread: 3901
Run began on Mon Jan 07 23:20:54 2013
Run ended on Mon Jan 07 23:21:28 2013
Elapsed time was: 00:00:33.81
CPU time was: 00:00:25.32
|
Load Mode |
Elapsed time(ss.99) |
|
Direct |
33.81 |
|
Direct + parallel |
35.91 |
笔者做了多次试验，除了第一次消耗时间较长（因为表空间自动拓展），后面的实验中两种模式的用时大致相同。自己猜测在使用Direct 直接路径加载的情况下，多线程并不能提高效率。
在Util中找到关于sql*loader command line的描述
PARALLEL(parallel load)
Default: false
PARALLELspecifies whether direct loads canoperate in multiple concurrent sessions
to load data into the same table.
parallel这个参数用来设定使用direct loads的时候是否使用并发的session去加载数据到相同的表中。
于是测试了多文件，多session加载数据的情况。
D:\flatfile>sqluldr2 user=zdrygk/zdrygk@orclquery=sfxx2 degree=8 file=d:\flatfile\ldrfiles%t.dat field=0x23 size=300MB
0rows exported at 2013-01-08 00:07:26, size 0 MB.
output file d:\flatfile\ldrfiles1357574846.dat closed at 707972 rows,size 304 MB.
output file d:\flatfile\ldrfiles1357574861.dat closed at 697498 rows,size 604 MB.
output file d:\flatfile\ldrfiles1357574876.dat closed at 701379 rows,size 904 MB.
output file d:\flatfile\ldrfiles1357574891.dat closed at 692556 rows,size 1204 MB.
222868rows exported at 2013-01-08 00:08:31, size 1300 MB.
output file d:\flatfile\ldrfiles1357574906.dat closed at 222868 rows,size 1300 MB.
一共5个文件。
如果指定了parallel选项，sqlldr运行的时候会对表加4级锁，允许多个sqlldr session同时对同一个表执行加载作用。在我们执行了truncate 操作后对表进行并行加载操作。
parallelpar1文件
USERID=zdrygk/zdrygk
CONTROL='D:\flatfile\multifile\paral\sqlldr_paral_1.ctl'
DATA='D:\flatfile\multifile\ldrfiles1357574846.dat'
LOG='D:\flatfile\multifile\paral\sqlldr_paral_1.log'
DIRECT=true
parallel=true
ERRORS=10000
parallel par2、3、4、5的内容大致相同。
在windows下只能打开多个窗口，通过复制粘贴的方法保证并行了。
执行
sqlldrparfile=D:\flatfile\multifile\paral\sqlldr_paral_1.par
sqlldrparfile=D:\flatfile\multifile\paral\sqlldr_paral_2.par
sqlldrparfile=D:\flatfile\multifile\paral\sqlldr_paral_3.par
sqlldr parfile=D:\flatfile\multifile\paral\sqlldr_paral_4.par
sqlldrparfile=D:\flatfile\multifile\paral\sqlldr_paral_5.par
最后得到了5个log文件关键内容：
log1
Run began on Tue Jan 08 01:51:11 2013
Run ended on Tue Jan 08 01:51:21 2013
Elapsed time was: 00:00:09.42
CPU time was: 00:00:06.43
…
中间的几个log文件省略
log5
Run began on Tue Jan 08 01:51:34 2013
Run ended on Tue Jan 08 01:51:38 2013
Elapsed time was: 00:00:03.27
CPU time was: 00:00:02.03
因为最后一个sqlldr session 是最后一个执行结束的，所以需要计算并行sqlldr的执行消耗时间，只需要使用log5中的结束时间减去log1中的开始时间即可。
01:51:38-01:51:11=22秒
因为不是使用程序执行这几个sqlldr程序，复制、粘贴、执行之间会有空隙。真实用时应该比22秒这个数字要小的多。
因为如果没有指定parallel选项，sqlldr运行的时候会对表加6级锁，其他sqlldr session会无法工作，所以只能串行的执行sqlldr操作。在我们执行了truncate操作之后对表进行串行加载操作。
noparallelpar1文件
USERID=zdrygk/zdrygk
CONTROL='D:\flatfile\multifile\nopar\sqlldr_nopar_1.ctl'
DATA='D:\flatfile\multifile\ldrfiles1357574846.dat'
LOG='D:\flatfile\multifile\nopar\sqlldr_nopar_1.log'
DIRECT=true
ERRORS=10000
noparallel par2、3、4、5的内容大致相同。
执行
sqlldrparfile=D:\flatfile\multifile\nopar\sqlldr_nopar_1.par
sqlldr parfile=D:\flatfile\multifile\nopar\sqlldr_nopar_2.par
sqlldrparfile=D:\flatfile\multifile\nopar\sqlldr_nopar_3.par
sqlldrparfile=D:\flatfile\multifile\nopar\sqlldr_nopar_4.par
sqlldrparfile=D:\flatfile\multifile\nopar\sqlldr_nopar_5.par
最后得到了5个log文件关键内容：
log1
Run began on Tue Jan 08 01:47:35 2013
Run ended on Tue Jan 08 01:47:48 2013
Elapsed time was: 00:00:12.61
CPU time was: 00:00:06.92
…
中间的几个log文件省略
log5
Run began on Tue Jan 08 01:48:26 2013
Run ended on Tue Jan 08 01:48:30 2013
Elapsed time was: 00:00:03.68
CPU time was: 00:00:02.01
最后执行时间相加
12.61+ 12.54+ 12.09+ 11.40+ 03.68=52.32秒
|
Load Mode |
Elapsed time(ss.99) |
|
Direct |
52.32 |
|
Direct + parallel |
22 |
sqlldr是cpu密集型的操作，并且多线程，只有在使用多个数据文件，并且开启多个sqlldr session的时候才会有效果。并且效果非常明显。在消耗更多cpu和内存的同时能够给予非常高的效率，在真实情况下与单文件加载相比效率相差有1倍以上。
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