Dans ce blog, nous vous guiderons à travers le processus de création d'une application de raccourcissement d'URL en utilisant Angular pour le frontend et Tailwind CSS pour le style. Un raccourcisseur d'URL est un outil pratique qui convertit les URL longues en liens plus courts et plus faciles à gérer. Ce projet vous aidera à comprendre comment créer une application Web fonctionnelle et esthétique à l'aide des technologies de développement Web modernes.
Pour suivre ce tutoriel, vous devez avoir une compréhension de base d'Angular et une certaine familiarité avec Tailwind CSS. Assurez-vous que Node.js et Angular CLI sont installés sur votre machine.
Tout d'abord, créez un nouveau projet Angular en exécutant la commande suivante dans votre terminal :
ng new url-shortener-app cd url-shortener-app
Ensuite, configurez Tailwind CSS dans votre projet Angular. Installez Tailwind CSS et ses dépendances via npm :
npm install -D tailwindcss postcss autoprefixer npx tailwindcss init
Configurez Tailwind CSS en mettant à jour le fichier tailwind.config.js :
module.exports = { content: [ "./src/**/*.{html,ts}", ], theme: { extend: {}, }, plugins: [], }
Ajoutez les directives Tailwind à votre fichier src/styles.scss :
@tailwind base; @tailwind components; @tailwind utilities;
Créez un modèle d'URL pour définir la structure des données de l'URL. Ajoutez un nouveau fichier src/app/models/url.model.ts :
export type Urls = Url[]; export interface Url { _id: string; originalUrl: string; shortUrl: string; clicks: number; expirationDate: string; createdAt: string; __v: number; }
Créez un service pour gérer les appels d'API liés au raccourcissement d'URL. Ajoutez un nouveau fichier src/app/services/url.service.ts :
import { HttpClient } from '@angular/common/http'; import { Injectable } from '@angular/core'; import { Observable } from 'rxjs'; import { Url, Urls } from '../models/url.model'; import { environment } from '../../environments/environment'; @Injectable({ providedIn: 'root', }) export class UrlService { private apiUrl = environment.apiUrl; constructor(private http: HttpClient) {} shortenUrl(originalUrl: string): Observable<Url> { return this.http.post<Url>(`${this.apiUrl}/shorten`, { originalUrl }); } getAllUrls(): Observable<Urls> { return this.http.get<Urls>(`${this.apiUrl}/urls`); } getDetails(id: string): Observable<Url> { return this.http.get<Url>(`${this.apiUrl}/details/${id}`); } deleteUrl(id: string): Observable<Url> { return this.http.delete<Url>(`${this.apiUrl}/delete/${id}`); } }
Générez un nouveau composant pour raccourcir les URL :
ng generate component shorten
Mettez à jour le code HTML du composant (src/app/shorten/shorten.component.html) comme indiqué ci-dessous :
<div class="max-w-md mx-auto p-4 shadow-lg rounded-lg mt-4"> <h2 class="text-2xl font-bold mb-2">URL Shortener</h2> <form [formGroup]="urlForm" (ngSubmit)="shortenUrl()"> <div class="flex items-center mb-2"> <input class="flex-1 p-2 border border-gray-300 rounded mr-4" formControlName="originalUrl" placeholder="Enter your URL" required /> <button class="px-4 py-2 bg-blue-500 text-white rounded hover:bg-blue-600" type="submit"> Shorten </button> </div> @if (urlForm.get('originalUrl')?.invalid && (urlForm.get('originalUrl')?.dirty || urlForm.get('originalUrl')?.touched)) { <div class="text-red-500" role="alert" aria-live="assertive"> @if (urlForm.get('originalUrl')?.errors?.['required']) { URL is required. } @if (urlForm.get('originalUrl')?.errors?.['pattern']) { Invalid URL format. Please enter a valid URL starting with http:// or https://. } </div> } </form> @if (errorMsg) { <div class="p-4 bg-red-100 rounded mt-4"> <p class="text-red-500">{{ errorMsg }}</p> </div> } @if (shortUrl) { <div class="p-4 bg-green-100 rounded"> <p>Shortened URL: <a class="text-blue-500 hover:text-blue-600" [href]="redirectUrl + shortUrl" target="_blank">{{ shortUrl }}</a> <button class="ml-2 px-2 py-1 bg-gray-200 text-gray-800 border border-slate-950 rounded hover:bg-gray-300" (click)="copyUrl(redirectUrl + shortUrl)">Copy</button> @if (copyMessage) { <span class="text-green ml-2">{{ copyMessage }}</span> } </p> </div> } </div> <div class="max-w-md mx-auto mt-4 p-2"> <h2 class="text-2xl font-bold mb-4">All URLs</h2> @if (isloading) { <div class="max-w-md mx-auto p-4 shadow-lg rounded-lg"> <div class="text-center p-4"> Loading... </div> </div> } @else if (error) { <div class="max-w-md mx-auto p-4 shadow-lg rounded-lg"> <div class="text-center p-4"> <p class="text-red-500">{{ error }}</p> </div> </div> } @else { @if (urls.length > 0 && !isloading && !error) { <ul> @for (url of urls; track $index) { <li class="p-2 border border-gray-300 rounded mb-2"> <div class="flex justify-between items-center"> <div> URL: <a class="text-blue-500 hover:text-blue-600" [href]="redirectUrl + url.shortUrl" target="_blank">{{ url.shortUrl }}</a> </div> <div class="flex justify-between items-center"> <button class="px-2 py-1 bg-blue-200 text-blue-800 rounded hover:bg-blue-300" (click)="showDetails(url.shortUrl)">Details</button> <button class="ml-2 px-2 py-1 bg-gray-200 text-gray-800 rounded hover:bg-gray-300" (click)="copyListUrl(redirectUrl + url.shortUrl, $index)">{{ copyIndex === $index ? 'Copied' : 'Copy' }}</button> <button class="ml-2 px-2 py-1 bg-red-200 text-red-800 rounded hover:bg-red-300" (click)="prepareDelete(url.shortUrl)">Delete</button> </div> </div> </li> } </ul> } @else { <div class="max-w-md mx-auto p-4 shadow-lg rounded-lg"> <div class="text-center p-4"> No URLs found. </div> </div> } } </div> @if (showDeleteModal) { <div class="fixed inset-0 flex items-center justify-center bg-black bg-opacity-50"> <div class="bg-white p-4 rounded shadow-lg"> <h3 class="text-xl font-bold mb-2">Confirm Deletion</h3> <p class="mb-4">Are you sure you want to delete this URL?</p> <button class="px-4 py-2 bg-red-500 text-white rounded hover:bg-red-600" (click)="confirmDelete()">Yes, Delete</button> <button class="px-4 py-2 bg-gray-300 text-gray-800 rounded hover:bg-gray-400 ml-2" (click)="showDeleteModal = false">Cancel</button> </div> </div> } @if (showDetailsModal) { <div class="fixed inset-0 flex items-center justify-center bg-black bg-opacity-50"> <div class="bg-white p-4 rounded shadow-lg"> <h3 class="text-xl font-bold mb-2">URL Details</h3> @if (isLoading) { <p class="mb-4">Loading...</p> } @else { <p class="mb-4">Short URL: <a class="text-blue-500 hover:text-blue-600" [href]="redirectUrl + selectedUrl.shortUrl" target="_blank">{{ selectedUrl.shortUrl }}</a></p> <p class="mb-4">Original URL: <a class="text-blue-500 hover:text-blue-600" [href]="selectedUrl.originalUrl" target="_blank">{{ selectedUrl.originalUrl }}</a></p> <p class="mb-4">Clicks: <span class="text-green-500">{{ selectedUrl.clicks }}</span></p> <p class="mb-4">Created At: {{ selectedUrl.createdAt | date: 'medium' }}</p> <p class="mb-4">Expires At: {{ selectedUrl.expirationDate | date: 'medium' }}</p> <button class="px-4 py-2 bg-gray-300 text-gray-800 rounded hover:bg-gray-400" (click)="showDetailsModal = false">Close</button> } </div> </div> }
Mettez à jour le fichier TypeScript du composant (src/app/shorten/shorten.component.ts) pour gérer les soumissions de formulaires et les interactions API :
import { Component, inject, OnInit } from '@angular/core'; import { UrlService } from '../services/url.service'; import { FormControl, FormGroup, ReactiveFormsModule, Validators, } from '@angular/forms'; import { Url } from '../models/url.model'; import { environment } from '../../environments/environment'; import { DatePipe } from '@angular/common'; import { Subject, takeUntil } from 'rxjs'; @Component({ selector: 'app-shorten', standalone: true, imports: [DatePipe, ReactiveFormsModule], templateUrl: './shorten.component.html', styleUrl: './shorten.component.scss', }) export class ShortenComponent implements OnInit { shortUrl: string = ''; redirectUrl = environment.apiUrl + '/'; copyMessage: string = ''; copyListMessage: string = ''; urls: Url[] = []; showDeleteModal = false; showDetailsModal = false; urlToDelete = ''; copyIndex: number = -1; selectedUrl: Url = {} as Url; isLoading = false; isloading = false; error: string = ''; errorMsg: string = ''; urlForm: FormGroup = new FormGroup({}); private unsubscribe$: Subject<void> = new Subject<void>(); urlService = inject(UrlService); ngOnInit() { this.urlForm = new FormGroup({ originalUrl: new FormControl('', [ Validators.required, Validators.pattern('^(http|https)://.*$'), ]), }); this.getAllUrls(); } shortenUrl() { if (this.urlForm.valid) { this.urlService.shortenUrl(this.urlForm.value.originalUrl).pipe(takeUntil(this.unsubscribe$)).subscribe({ next: (response) => { // console.log('Shortened URL: ', response); this.shortUrl = response.shortUrl; this.getAllUrls(); }, error: (error) => { console.error('Error shortening URL: ', error); this.errorMsg = error?.error?.message || 'An error occurred!'; }, }); } } getAllUrls() { this.isloading = true; this.urlService.getAllUrls().pipe(takeUntil(this.unsubscribe$)).subscribe({ next: (response) => { // console.log('All URLs: ', response); this.urls = response; this.isloading = false; }, error: (error) => { console.error('Error getting all URLs: ', error); this.isloading = false; this.error = error?.error?.message || 'An error occurred!'; }, }); } showDetails(id: string) { this.showDetailsModal = true; this.getDetails(id); } getDetails(id: string) { this.isLoading = true; this.urlService.getDetails(id).subscribe({ next: (response) => { // console.log('URL Details: ', response); this.selectedUrl = response; this.isLoading = false; }, error: (error) => { console.error('Error getting URL details: ', error); this.error = error?.error?.message || 'An error occurred!'; }, }); } copyUrl(url: string) { navigator.clipboard .writeText(url) .then(() => { // Optional: Display a message or perform an action after successful copy console.log('URL copied to clipboard!'); this.copyMessage = 'Copied!'; setTimeout(() => { this.copyMessage = ''; }, 2000); }) .catch((err) => { console.error('Failed to copy URL: ', err); this.copyMessage = 'Failed to copy URL'; }); } copyListUrl(url: string, index: number) { navigator.clipboard .writeText(url) .then(() => { // Optional: Display a message or perform an action after successful copy console.log('URL copied to clipboard!'); this.copyListMessage = 'Copied!'; this.copyIndex = index; setTimeout(() => { this.copyListMessage = ''; this.copyIndex = -1; }, 2000); }) .catch((err) => { console.error('Failed to copy URL: ', err); this.copyListMessage = 'Failed to copy URL'; }); } prepareDelete(url: string) { this.urlToDelete = url; this.showDeleteModal = true; } confirmDelete() { // Close the modal this.showDeleteModal = false; // Delete the URL this.deleteUrl(this.urlToDelete); } deleteUrl(id: string) { this.urlService.deleteUrl(id).subscribe({ next: (response) => { // console.log('Deleted URL: ', response); this.getAllUrls(); }, error: (error) => { console.error('Error deleting URL: ', error); this.error = error?.error?.message || 'An error occurred!'; }, }); } ngOnDestroy() { this.unsubscribe$.next(); this.unsubscribe$.complete(); } }
<router-outlet></router-outlet>
import { ApplicationConfig, provideZoneChangeDetection } from '@angular/core'; import { provideRouter } from '@angular/router'; import { routes } from './app.routes'; import { provideHttpClient } from '@angular/common/http'; export const appConfig: ApplicationConfig = { providers: [ provideZoneChangeDetection({ eventCoalescing: true }), provideRouter(routes), provideHttpClient(), ], };
import { Routes } from '@angular/router'; export const routes: Routes = [ { path: '', loadComponent: () => import('./shorten/shorten.component').then((m) => m.ShortenComponent), }, ];
Vous avez créé avec succès une application de raccourcissement d'URL en utilisant Angular et Tailwind CSS. Ce projet montre comment intégrer des technologies frontend modernes pour créer une application Web fonctionnelle et élégante. Grâce aux fonctionnalités puissantes d'Angular et à l'approche utilitaire de Tailwind CSS, vous pouvez facilement créer des applications Web réactives et efficaces.
N'hésitez pas à étendre cette application en ajoutant des fonctionnalités comme l'authentification des utilisateurs, etc. Bon codage !
Visitez le référentiel GitHub pour explorer le code en détail.
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