在CentOS上把PHP从5.4升级到5.5，centosphp5.45.5_PHP教程
在CentOS上把PHP从5.4升级到5.5，centosphp5.45.5
在CentOS上把PHP从5.4升级到5.5
摘要：本文记录了在CentOS 6.3上，把PHP从5.4.8升级到5.5.13的过程。
1. 概述
在我做的一个项目中，最近我对生产服务器上的一系列系统软件进行了升级，包括Git、Nginx、MySQL和PHP。这篇文章讲的是升级PHP的过程，其他软件的升级，可见下面列出的文章。
- 在CentOS上把git从1.7.1升级到1.7.12.4
- 在CentOS上把Nginx从1.2.4升级到1.6.0
- 在CentOS上把MySQL从5.5升级到5.6
- 在CentOS上把PHP从5.4升级到5.5 (本文)
在我加入这个项目之前，服务器上的PHP已经安装设置好了，我只是正常使用而已。现在过去1年了，所有的开发工作都告一段落，有时间升级服务器上的软件了。升级这种事情是应当经常做的，倒不是为了追最新版本，而是当正式版本发放出来的时候，应该及时更新， 以便获得最新的更正、补丁，避免服务器上的漏洞，减少安全隐患。
升级是在今年6月13-14日进行的，到今天才有空做个记录，便于日后参考。
2. 计划
计划就是预案，就是事先的准备(包括心理上的)、更明细的步骤、对各种情况及对意外的对策，当然，我们不可能面面俱到，预测一切，不然就成神了，所以要随时准备脱稿演出，think out of the box。
2.1 了解情况
计划要有针对性，所以要先”踩点儿“。
通过在系统上，用find之类的命令，或者通过网页用phpinfo()函数来显示关于PHP的信息，可以找到PHP安装在/usr/local/php目录下。这说明PHP是从源代码编译安装的，因为yum和rpm是不会安装到/usr/local/php这个路径的。在QQ群友的提示下，找到PHP 5.4.8的源代码位于/usr/local/src/php-5.4.8目录中，进一步确认PHP是从源代码编译安装的。
查看PHP版本：
# /usr/local/php/bin/php -<span>v PHP </span><span>5.4</span>.<span>8</span> (cli) (built: Nov <span>13</span> <span>2012</span> <span>00</span>:<span>08</span>:<span>08</span><span>) Copyright (c) </span><span>1997</span>-<span>2012</span><span> The PHP Group Zend Engine v2.</span><span>4.0</span>, Copyright (c) <span>1998</span>-<span>2012</span> Zend Tehnologies
再查看PHP-FPM的运行情况。那两天看文档，我才知道有PHP-FPM(FastCGI Process Manager)这么个东西，在5.4之后已经包括在PHP之中了，详见参考资料[]13][14]。
查看PHP-FPM使用的端口：
# netstat -ntpul | <span>grep</span> php-<span>fpm tcp </span><span>0</span> <span>0</span> <span>127.0</span>.<span>0.1</span>:<span>9000</span> <span>0.0</span>.<span>0.0</span>:* LISTEN <span>2881</span>/php-fpm
查看PHP-FPM的进程：
# <span>ps</span> aux | <span>grep</span> php-<span>fpm USER PID </span>%CPU %<span>MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND root </span><span>2881</span> <span>0.0</span> <span>0.2</span> <span>204172</span> <span>2064</span> ? Ss <span>2013</span> <span>38</span>:<span>09</span> php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php/etc/php-<span>fpm.conf) www </span><span>18982</span> <span>0.0</span> <span>1.4</span> <span>212796</span> <span>14816</span> ? S <span>19</span>:<span>12</span> <span>0</span>:<span>03</span> php-<span>fpm: pool www www </span><span>18983</span> <span>0.0</span> <span>1.4</span> <span>211996</span> <span>14572</span> ? S <span>19</span>:<span>13</span> <span>0</span>:<span>03</span> php-<span>fpm: pool www www </span><span>18984</span> <span>0.0</span> <span>1.4</span> <span>212276</span> <span>14876</span> ? S <span>19</span>:<span>13</span> <span>0</span>:<span>03</span> php-<span>fpm: pool www root </span><span>19144</span> <span>0.0</span> <span>0.0</span> <span>103236</span> <span>864</span> pts/<span>0</span> S+ <span>23</span>:<span>29</span> <span>0</span>:<span>00</span> <span>grep</span> php-fpm
查看PHP-FPM的版本：
# /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -<span>v PHP </span><span>5.4</span>.<span>8</span> (fpm-fcgi) (built: Nov <span>13</span> <span>2012</span> <span>00</span>:<span>15</span>:<span>58</span><span>) Copyright (c) </span><span>1997</span>-<span>2012</span><span> The PHP Group Zend Engine v2.</span><span>4.0</span>, Copyright (c) <span>1998</span>-<span>2012</span> Zend Technologies
查看上次系统启动的时间，这是怕安装的东西没重启而没有生效：
# <span>who</span> -<span>b
system boot </span><span>2013</span>-<span>01</span>-<span>04</span> <span>01</span>:<span>07</span><span>
# </span><span>last</span><span> reboot
reboot system boot </span><span>2.6</span>.<span>32</span>-<span>279.14</span>.<span>1</span>. Fri Jan <span>4</span> <span>01</span>:<span>07</span> - <span>20</span>:<span>36</span> (<span>526</span>+<span>19</span>:<span>29</span><span>)
reboot system boot </span><span>2.6</span>.<span>32</span>-<span>220.13</span>.<span>1</span>. Mon Nov <span>12</span> <span>17</span>:<span>53</span> - <span>20</span>:<span>36</span> (<span>579</span>+<span>02</span>:<span>42</span><span>)
reboot system boot </span><span>2.6</span>.<span>32</span>-<span>220.13</span>.<span>1</span>. Thu May <span>10</span> <span>17</span>:<span>12</span> - <span>17</span>:<span>13</span> (<span>00</span>:<span>01</span><span>)
reboot system boot </span><span>2.6</span>.<span>32</span>-<span>220.13</span>.<span>1</span>. Wed May <span>9</span> <span>15</span>:<span>31</span> - <span>15</span>:<span>36</span> (<span>00</span>:<span>04</span><span>)
reboot system boot </span><span>2.6</span>.<span>32</span>-<span>220.13</span>.<span>1</span>. Wed May <span>9</span> <span>15</span>:<span>03</span> - <span>15</span>:<span>29</span> (<span>00</span>:<span>26</span><span>)
reboot system boot </span><span>2.6</span>.<span>32</span>-<span>220.13</span>.<span>1</span>. Wed May <span>9</span> <span>10</span>:<span>09</span> - <span>12</span>:<span>26</span> (<span>02</span>:<span>16</span><span>)
reboot system boot </span><span>2.6</span>.<span>32</span>-<span>220.13</span>.<span>1</span>. Thu May <span>3</span> <span>17</span>:<span>23</span> - <span>17</span>:<span>25</span> (<span>00</span>:<span>02</span><span>)
reboot system boot </span><span>2.6</span>.<span>32</span>-<span>220.13</span>.<span>1</span>. Fri May <span>4</span> <span>01</span>:<span>17</span> - <span>17</span>:<span>22</span> (-<span>7</span>:-<span>54</span><span>)
reboot system boot </span><span>2.6</span>.<span>32</span>-<span>220.13</span>.<span>1</span>. Fri Apr <span>20</span> <span>21</span>:<span>33</span> - <span>17</span>:<span>22</span> (<span>12</span>+<span>19</span>:<span>48</span><span>)
reboot system boot </span><span>2.6</span>.<span>32</span>-<span>220.13</span>.<span>1</span>. Sat Apr <span>21</span> <span>03</span>:<span>39</span> - <span>17</span>:<span>22</span> (<span>12</span>+<span>13</span>:<span>42</span><span>)
reboot system boot </span><span>2.6</span>.<span>32</span>-<span>220.13</span>.<span>1</span>. Fri Apr <span>20</span> <span>18</span>:<span>02</span> - <span>17</span>:<span>22</span> (<span>12</span>+<span>23</span>:<span>19</span><span>)
reboot system boot </span><span>2.6</span>.<span>32</span>-<span>220.13</span>.<span>1</span>. Thu Apr <span>19</span> <span>19</span>:<span>51</span> - <span>17</span>:<span>59</span> (<span>22</span>:<span>07</span>)其实这种担心是多余的，因为Linux和Windows不一样，基本上新安装的东西，都有命令行可以重启，只要你知道相应的命令行，不需要重启整个系统。
小结，现有的PHP 5.4.8安装在/usr/local/php目录下，是编译安装的，源代码位于/usr/local/src/php-5.4.8目录中。编译安装的好处是，可以自己定制，增减PHP扩展等等。建议，如无必要，不要使用编译安装，因为这样的安装，操作麻烦，对操作者的要求比较高，又无法利用yum和rpm这样的工具，不便于升级、卸载。
这也是为什么我用yum update php命令无法直接升级PHP的原因，因为yum或者rpm根本不知道用源代码编译安装的PHP。下面是我尝试的结果：
# <span>yum</span><span> update php Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile </span>* base: mirrors.<span>163</span><span>.com </span>*<span> epel: mirrors.hust.edu.cn </span>* extras: mirrors.<span>163</span><span>.com </span>*<span> remi: mirrors.hustunique.com </span>* remi-<span>php55: mirrors.hustunique.com </span>* updates: mirrors.<span>163</span><span>.com Setting up Update Process Package(s) php available, but not installed. No Packages marked </span><span>for</span> Update
可见，yum没有找到已经安装的php包，所以没什么可以升级的。孤独的编译安装，没人待见，看来要在角落里终老一生了。
2.2 确定计划
经过在几个CakePHP、PHP相关的QQ群里，向其他朋友的请教和讨论，(此处略去15000字)，其实这是和上面的”踩点儿“互相掺杂在一起进行的。在这里要特别感谢CakePHP群中的Christian和严谨的PHP HHVM MySQL群中的Linux 管理员(Freax)两位朋友。最终在朋友们的帮助下形成了下面的计划要点：
- 保留原有编译安装的PHP 5.4.8，没必要去动它，不用就是了
- 用yum安装PHP 5.5.13，配置PHP-FPM 5.5.13使用另一个端口(比如9001)
- 修改Nginx的配置，使用在新端口上的PHP-FPM 5.5.13
- 如何重启PHP-FPM？
答：php-fpm在5.4以后默认是二进制文件了，不再用service php-fpm start这种启动了。可以在/etc/rc.local (link to /etc/rc.d/rc.local) 加上这条命令
前期的调研、计划，花了差不多2天时间，而之后的安装、配置，也就用了3-4个小时。
3. 安装、配置PHP 5.5.13
根据这两天读的文档，确定使用remi安装库，使用yum来安装PHP 5.5.13。
3.1 添加remi安装库
下面的操作依据参考资料[4]：
# <span>wget</span> http:<span>//</span><span>dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm</span> # <span>wget</span> http:<span>//</span><span>rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/remi-release-6.rpm</span> # rpm -Uvh remi-release-<span>6</span>*.rpm epel-release-<span>6</span>*.rpm
3.2 用yum安装PHP 5.5.13
从之前PHP 5.4.8下phpinfo()的输出，知道了旧的PHP 5.4.8上安装的PHP扩展，这样确定了下面需要安装的包(命令yum install之后的参数)：
# <span>yum</span> <span>install</span> php php-fpm php-gd php-mysqlnd php-mcrypt php-mbstring php-<span>pdo
Dependencies Resolved
</span>================================================================================<span>
Package Arch Version Repository Size
</span>================================================================================<span>
Installing:
libjpeg</span>-turbo x86_64 <span>1.2</span>.<span>1</span>-<span>3</span>.el6_5 updates <span>174</span><span> k
replacing libjpeg.x86_64 6b</span>-<span>46</span><span>.el6
libjpeg</span>-turbo-devel x86_64 <span>1.2</span>.<span>1</span>-<span>3</span>.el6_5 updates <span>96</span><span> k
replacing libjpeg</span>-devel.x86_64 6b-<span>46</span><span>.el6
php x86_64 </span><span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span>.el6.remi remi-php55 <span>2.6</span><span> M
php</span>-fpm x86_64 <span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span>.el6.remi remi-php55 <span>1.3</span><span> M
php</span>-gd x86_64 <span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span>.el6.remi remi-php55 <span>69</span><span> k
php</span>-mbstring x86_64 <span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span>.el6.remi remi-php55 <span>958</span><span> k
php</span>-mcrypt x86_64 <span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span>.el6.remi remi-php55 <span>40</span><span> k
php</span>-mysqlnd x86_64 <span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span>.el6.remi remi-php55 <span>261</span><span> k
php</span>-pdo x86_64 <span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span>.el6.remi remi-php55 <span>109</span><span> k
Installing </span><span>for</span><span> dependencies:
apr</span>-util-ldap x86_64 <span>1.3</span>.<span>9</span>-<span>3</span>.el6_0.<span>1</span> base <span>15</span><span> k
fontconfig x86_64 </span><span>2.8</span>.<span>0</span>-<span>3</span>.el6 base <span>186</span><span> k
gd</span>-<span>last</span> x86_64 <span>2.1</span>.<span>0</span>-<span>2</span>.el6.remi remi <span>129</span><span> k
httpd x86_64 </span><span>2.2</span>.<span>15</span>-<span>30</span>.el6.centos updates <span>821</span><span> k
httpd</span>-tools x86_64 <span>2.2</span>.<span>15</span>-<span>30</span>.el6.centos updates <span>73</span><span> k
libX11 x86_64 </span><span>1.5</span>.<span>0</span>-<span>4</span>.el6 base <span>584</span><span> k
libX11</span>-common noarch <span>1.5</span>.<span>0</span>-<span>4</span>.el6 base <span>192</span><span> k
libXau x86_64 </span><span>1.0</span>.<span>6</span>-<span>4</span>.el6 base <span>24</span><span> k
libXpm x86_64 </span><span>3.5</span>.<span>10</span>-<span>2</span>.el6 base <span>51</span><span> k
libmcrypt x86_64 </span><span>2.5</span>.<span>8</span>-<span>9</span>.el6 epel <span>96</span><span> k
libtiff x86_64 </span><span>3.9</span>.<span>4</span>-<span>10</span>.el6_5 updates <span>343</span><span> k
libxcb x86_64 </span><span>1.8</span>.<span>1</span>-<span>1</span>.el6 base <span>110</span><span> k
libxslt x86_64 </span><span>1.1</span>.<span>26</span>-<span>2</span>.el6_3.<span>1</span> base <span>452</span><span> k
mailcap noarch </span><span>2.1</span>.<span>31</span>-<span>2</span>.el6 base <span>27</span><span> k
php</span>-cli x86_64 <span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span>.el6.remi remi-php55 <span>2.5</span><span> M
php</span>-common x86_64 <span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span>.el6.remi remi-php55 <span>1.0</span><span> M
php</span>-pear noarch <span>1</span>:<span>1.9</span>.<span>4</span>-<span>28</span>.el6.remi remi <span>373</span><span> k
php</span>-pecl-jsonc x86_64 <span>1.3</span>.<span>5</span>-<span>1</span>.el6.remi.<span>5.5</span> remi-php55 <span>46</span><span> k
php</span>-pecl-<span>zip</span> x86_64 <span>1.12</span>.<span>4</span>-<span>1</span>.el6.remi.<span>5.5</span> remi-php55 <span>269</span><span> k
php</span>-process x86_64 <span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span>.el6.remi remi-php55 <span>54</span><span> k
php</span>-xml x86_64 <span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span>.el6.remi remi-php55 <span>206</span><span> k
t1lib x86_64 </span><span>5.1</span>.<span>2</span>-<span>6</span>.el6_2.<span>1</span> base <span>160</span><span> k
Transaction Summary
</span>================================================================================<span>
Install </span><span>31</span> Package(s)yum自动计算出需要的依赖安装包，总共有31个安装包需要下载、安装。
下面询问是否继续下载，回答y，并按回车即可继续：
Total download size: <span>13</span><span> M Is this ok [y</span>/<span>N]: y Downloading Packages: (</span><span>1</span>/<span>31</span>): apr-util-ldap-<span>1.3</span>.<span>9</span>-<span>3</span>.el6_0.<span>1</span>.x86_64.rpm | <span>15</span> kB <span>00</span>:<span>00</span><span> (</span><span>2</span>/<span>31</span>): fontconfig-<span>2.8</span>.<span>0</span>-<span>3</span>.el6.x86_64.rpm | <span>186</span> kB <span>00</span>:<span>00</span><span> (</span><span>3</span>/<span>31</span>): gd-<span>last</span>-<span>2.1</span>.<span>0</span>-<span>2</span>.el6.remi.x86_64.rpm | <span>129</span> kB <span>00</span>:<span>00</span><span> (</span><span>4</span>/<span>31</span>): httpd-<span>2.2</span>.<span>15</span>-<span>30</span>.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm | <span>821</span> kB <span>00</span>:<span>00</span><span> (</span><span>5</span>/<span>31</span>): httpd-tools-<span>2.2</span>.<span>15</span>-<span>30</span>.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm | <span>73</span> kB <span>00</span>:<span>00</span><span> (</span><span>6</span>/<span>31</span>): libX11-<span>1.5</span>.<span>0</span>-<span>4</span>.el6.x86_64.rpm | <span>584</span> kB <span>00</span>:<span>00</span><span> (</span><span>7</span>/<span>31</span>): libX11-common-<span>1.5</span>.<span>0</span>-<span>4</span>.el6.noarch.rpm | <span>192</span> kB <span>00</span>:<span>00</span><span> (</span><span>8</span>/<span>31</span>): libXau-<span>1.0</span>.<span>6</span>-<span>4</span>.el6.x86_64.rpm | <span>24</span> kB <span>00</span>:<span>00</span><span> (</span><span>9</span>/<span>31</span>): libXpm-<span>3.5</span>.<span>10</span>-<span>2</span>.el6.x86_64.rpm | <span>51</span> kB <span>00</span>:<span>00</span><span> (</span><span>10</span>/<span>31</span>): libjpeg-turbo-<span>1.2</span>.<span>1</span>-<span>3</span>.el6_5.x86_64.rpm | <span>174</span> kB <span>00</span>:<span>00</span><span> (</span><span>11</span>/<span>31</span>): libjpeg-turbo-devel-<span>1.2</span>.<span>1</span>-<span>3</span>.el6_5.x86_64.rpm | <span>96</span> kB <span>00</span>:<span>00</span><span> (</span><span>12</span>/<span>31</span>): libmcrypt-<span>2.5</span>.<span>8</span>-<span>9</span>.el6.x86_64.rpm | <span>96</span> kB <span>00</span>:<span>00</span><span> (</span><span>13</span>/<span>31</span>): libtiff-<span>3.9</span>.<span>4</span>-<span>10</span>.el6_5.x86_64.rpm | <span>343</span> kB <span>00</span>:<span>00</span><span> (</span><span>14</span>/<span>31</span>): libxcb-<span>1.8</span>.<span>1</span>-<span>1</span>.el6.x86_64.rpm | <span>110</span> kB <span>00</span>:<span>00</span><span> (</span><span>15</span>/<span>31</span>): libxslt-<span>1.1</span>.<span>26</span>-<span>2</span>.el6_3.<span>1</span>.x86_64.rpm | <span>452</span> kB <span>00</span>:<span>00</span><span> (</span><span>16</span>/<span>31</span>): mailcap-<span>2.1</span>.<span>31</span>-<span>2</span>.el6.noarch.rpm | <span>27</span> kB <span>00</span>:<span>00</span><span> (</span><span>17</span>/<span>31</span>): php-<span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span>.el6.remi.x86_64.rpm | <span>2.6</span> MB <span>00</span>:<span>00</span><span> (</span><span>18</span>/<span>31</span>): php-cli-<span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span>.el6.remi.x86_64.rpm | <span>2.5</span> MB <span>00</span>:<span>00</span><span> (</span><span>19</span>/<span>31</span>): php-common-<span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span>.el6.remi.x86_64.rpm | <span>1.0</span> MB <span>00</span>:<span>00</span><span> (</span><span>20</span>/<span>31</span>): php-fpm-<span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span>.el6.remi.x86_64.rpm | <span>1.3</span> MB <span>00</span>:<span>00</span><span> (</span><span>21</span>/<span>31</span>): php-gd-<span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span>.el6.remi.x86_64.rpm | <span>69</span> kB <span>00</span>:<span>00</span><span> (</span><span>22</span>/<span>31</span>): php-mbstring-<span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span>.el6.remi.x86_64.rpm | <span>958</span> kB <span>00</span>:<span>00</span><span> (</span><span>23</span>/<span>31</span>): php-mcrypt-<span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span>.el6.remi.x86_64.rpm | <span>40</span> kB <span>00</span>:<span>00</span><span> (</span><span>24</span>/<span>31</span>): php-mysqlnd-<span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span>.el6.remi.x86_64.rpm | <span>261</span> kB <span>00</span>:<span>00</span><span> (</span><span>25</span>/<span>31</span>): php-pdo-<span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span>.el6.remi.x86_64.rpm | <span>109</span> kB <span>00</span>:<span>00</span><span> (</span><span>26</span>/<span>31</span>): php-pear-<span>1.9</span>.<span>4</span>-<span>28</span>.el6.remi.noarch.rpm | <span>373</span> kB <span>00</span>:<span>00</span><span> (</span><span>27</span>/<span>31</span>): php-pecl-jsonc-<span>1.3</span>.<span>5</span>-<span>1</span>.el6.remi.<span>5.5</span>.x86_64.rpm | <span>46</span> kB <span>00</span>:<span>00</span><span> (</span><span>28</span>/<span>31</span>): php-pecl-<span>zip</span>-<span>1.12</span>.<span>4</span>-<span>1</span>.el6.remi.<span>5.5</span>.x86_64.rpm | <span>269</span> kB <span>00</span>:<span>00</span><span> (</span><span>29</span>/<span>31</span>): php-process-<span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span>.el6.remi.x86_64.rpm | <span>54</span> kB <span>00</span>:<span>00</span><span> (</span><span>30</span>/<span>31</span>): php-xml-<span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span>.el6.remi.x86_64.rpm | <span>206</span> kB <span>00</span>:<span>00</span><span> (</span><span>31</span>/<span>31</span>): t1lib-<span>5.1</span>.<span>2</span>-<span>6</span>.el6_2.<span>1</span>.x86_64.rpm | <span>160</span> kB <span>00</span>:<span>00</span> --------------------------------------------------------------------------------<span> Total </span><span>3.6</span> MB/s | <span>13</span> MB <span>00</span>:<span>03</span>
之后还有一些Is this ok [y/N]:的问题，一律回答y。经过一轮问答和安装，最后完成时的小结为：
<span>Installed: libjpeg</span>-turbo.x86_64 <span>0</span>:<span>1.2</span>.<span>1</span>-<span>3</span><span>.el6_5 libjpeg</span>-turbo-devel.x86_64 <span>0</span>:<span>1.2</span>.<span>1</span>-<span>3</span><span>.el6_5 php.x86_64 </span><span>0</span>:<span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span><span>.el6.remi php</span>-fpm.x86_64 <span>0</span>:<span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span><span>.el6.remi php</span>-gd.x86_64 <span>0</span>:<span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span><span>.el6.remi php</span>-mbstring.x86_64 <span>0</span>:<span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span><span>.el6.remi php</span>-mcrypt.x86_64 <span>0</span>:<span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span><span>.el6.remi php</span>-mysqlnd.x86_64 <span>0</span>:<span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span><span>.el6.remi php</span>-pdo.x86_64 <span>0</span>:<span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span><span>.el6.remi Dependency Installed: apr</span>-util-ldap.x86_64 <span>0</span>:<span>1.3</span>.<span>9</span>-<span>3</span>.el6_0.<span>1</span><span> fontconfig.x86_64 </span><span>0</span>:<span>2.8</span>.<span>0</span>-<span>3</span><span>.el6 gd</span>-<span>last</span>.x86_64 <span>0</span>:<span>2.1</span>.<span>0</span>-<span>2</span><span>.el6.remi httpd.x86_64 </span><span>0</span>:<span>2.2</span>.<span>15</span>-<span>30</span><span>.el6.centos httpd</span>-tools.x86_64 <span>0</span>:<span>2.2</span>.<span>15</span>-<span>30</span><span>.el6.centos libX11.x86_64 </span><span>0</span>:<span>1.5</span>.<span>0</span>-<span>4</span><span>.el6 libX11</span>-common.noarch <span>0</span>:<span>1.5</span>.<span>0</span>-<span>4</span><span>.el6 libXau.x86_64 </span><span>0</span>:<span>1.0</span>.<span>6</span>-<span>4</span><span>.el6 libXpm.x86_64 </span><span>0</span>:<span>3.5</span>.<span>10</span>-<span>2</span><span>.el6 libmcrypt.x86_64 </span><span>0</span>:<span>2.5</span>.<span>8</span>-<span>9</span><span>.el6 libtiff.x86_64 </span><span>0</span>:<span>3.9</span>.<span>4</span>-<span>10</span><span>.el6_5 libxcb.x86_64 </span><span>0</span>:<span>1.8</span>.<span>1</span>-<span>1</span><span>.el6 libxslt.x86_64 </span><span>0</span>:<span>1.1</span>.<span>26</span>-<span>2</span>.el6_3.<span>1</span><span> mailcap.noarch </span><span>0</span>:<span>2.1</span>.<span>31</span>-<span>2</span><span>.el6 php</span>-cli.x86_64 <span>0</span>:<span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span><span>.el6.remi php</span>-common.x86_64 <span>0</span>:<span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span><span>.el6.remi php</span>-pear.noarch <span>1</span>:<span>1.9</span>.<span>4</span>-<span>28</span><span>.el6.remi php</span>-pecl-jsonc.x86_64 <span>0</span>:<span>1.3</span>.<span>5</span>-<span>1</span>.el6.remi.<span>5.5</span><span> php</span>-pecl-<span>zip</span>.x86_64 <span>0</span>:<span>1.12</span>.<span>4</span>-<span>1</span>.el6.remi.<span>5.5</span><span> php</span>-process.x86_64 <span>0</span>:<span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span><span>.el6.remi php</span>-xml.x86_64 <span>0</span>:<span>5.5</span>.<span>13</span>-<span>3</span><span>.el6.remi t1lib.x86_64 </span><span>0</span>:<span>5.1</span>.<span>2</span>-<span>6</span>.el6_2.<span>1</span><span> Replaced: libjpeg.x86_64 </span><span>0</span>:6b-<span>46</span>.el6 libjpeg-devel.x86_64 <span>0</span>:6b-<span>46</span><span>.el6 Complete</span>!
3.3 配置PHP-FPM的启动
因为使用yum安装，安装过程已经拷贝好了PHP-FPM的服务daemon，只需确保PHP-FPM服务能在系统重启时自动启动就行了：
# chkconfig php-fpm on
查看PHP-FPM服务的自启动状态：
# chkconfig --list php-<span>fpm php</span>-fpm <span>0</span>:off <span>1</span>:off <span>2</span>:on <span>3</span>:on <span>4</span>:on <span>5</span>:on <span>6</span>:off
正确。
3.4 停止PHP-FPM 5.4.8
查看PHP-FPM 5.4.8的进程：
# <span>ps</span> aux | <span>grep</span> php-<span>fpm root </span><span>2881</span> <span>0.0</span> <span>0.1</span> <span>204172</span> <span>1972</span> ? Ss <span>2013</span> <span>38</span>:<span>13</span> php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php/etc/php-<span>fpm.conf) www </span><span>19378</span> <span>0.0</span> <span>1.4</span> <span>212764</span> <span>14736</span> ? S <span>10</span>:<span>30</span> <span>0</span>:<span>14</span> php-<span>fpm: pool www www </span><span>19379</span> <span>0.0</span> <span>1.5</span> <span>213352</span> <span>15888</span> ? S <span>10</span>:<span>32</span> <span>0</span>:<span>13</span> php-<span>fpm: pool www www </span><span>19657</span> <span>0.0</span> <span>1.3</span> <span>212076</span> <span>13964</span> ? S <span>18</span>:<span>45</span> <span>0</span>:<span>02</span> php-<span>fpm: pool www root </span><span>20083</span> <span>0.0</span> <span>0.0</span> <span>103236</span> <span>864</span> pts/<span>0</span> S+ <span>22</span>:<span>40</span> <span>0</span>:<span>00</span> <span>grep</span> php-fpm
可见，当前PHP-FPM 5.54.8进程的进程号(pid)是2881，注意其使用的配置文件/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf位于编译安装PHP的目录，证实了这是PHP-FPM 5.54.8进程。其余进程为其子进程，而grep php-fpm是查看进程这个命令的进程。
中断PHP-FPM 5.54.8进程：
# <span>kill</span> -TERM <span>2881</span>
再次查看PHP-FPM的进程：
# <span>ps</span> aux | <span>grep</span> php-<span>fpm root </span><span>20087</span> <span>0.0</span> <span>0.0</span> <span>103236</span> <span>864</span> pts/<span>0</span> S+ <span>22</span>:<span>43</span> <span>0</span>:<span>00</span> <span>grep</span> php-fpm
已经没有PHP-FPM的进程了，唯一剩下的grep php-fpm是查看进程这个命令的进程。
3.5 启动PHP-FPM 5.5.13
PHP-FPM的配置，我遵照的是参考资料[10]，这是一个分级结构的配置文件，多个配置文件各司其职，便于更换配置，启用、停止配置的各模块也更容易。
启动php-fpm服务：
# service php-<span>fpm start Starting php</span>-fpm: [ OK ]
顺利启动。
再查看其进程：
# <span>ps</span> aux | <span>grep</span> php-<span>fpm root </span><span>20099</span> <span>0.0</span> <span>0.5</span> <span>313272</span> <span>5832</span> ? Ss <span>22</span>:<span>44</span> <span>0</span>:<span>00</span> php-fpm: master process (/etc/php-<span>fpm.conf) apache </span><span>20100</span> <span>0.4</span> <span>1.1</span> <span>317112</span> <span>11876</span> ? S <span>22</span>:<span>44</span> <span>0</span>:<span>00</span> php-<span>fpm: pool www apache </span><span>20101</span> <span>0.3</span> <span>1.5</span> <span>319936</span> <span>15316</span> ? S <span>22</span>:<span>44</span> <span>0</span>:<span>00</span> php-<span>fpm: pool www apache </span><span>20102</span> <span>0.4</span> <span>1.6</span> <span>322244</span> <span>16892</span> ? S <span>22</span>:<span>44</span> <span>0</span>:<span>00</span> php-<span>fpm: pool www apache </span><span>20103</span> <span>0.4</span> <span>1.5</span> <span>320964</span> <span>15636</span> ? S <span>22</span>:<span>44</span> <span>0</span>:<span>00</span> php-<span>fpm: pool www apache </span><span>20104</span> <span>0.3</span> <span>1.3</span> <span>319648</span> <span>14256</span> ? S <span>22</span>:<span>44</span> <span>0</span>:<span>00</span> php-<span>fpm: pool www apache </span><span>20106</span> <span>0.3</span> <span>1.3</span> <span>319140</span> <span>13696</span> ? S <span>22</span>:<span>45</span> <span>0</span>:<span>00</span> php-<span>fpm: pool www apache </span><span>20107</span> <span>0.1</span> <span>0.7</span> <span>313776</span> <span>8140</span> ? S <span>22</span>:<span>46</span> <span>0</span>:<span>00</span> php-<span>fpm: pool www root </span><span>20109</span> <span>0.0</span> <span>0.0</span> <span>103236</span> <span>864</span> pts/<span>0</span> S+ <span>22</span>:<span>47</span> <span>0</span>:<span>00</span> <span>grep</span> php-fpm
可见其进程号为20099，其余进程为其子进程，而grep php-fpm是查看进程这个命令的进程。
3.6 问题：数据库的图像文件没有显示
原因：PHP-FPM子进程的所有者:组是apache，而不是www。而Nginx是运行在www用户下，故应当改为www。
编辑/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf：
<span>[</span><span>www</span><span>]</span> <span>;</span><span>user = apache</span> user =<span> www </span><span>;</span><span>group = apache</span> group = www
再重启php-fpm服务：
# service php-<span>fpm stop Stopping php</span>-<span>fpm: [ OK ] # service php</span>-<span>fpm start Starting php</span>-fpm: [ OK ]
查看php-fpm进程：
# <span>ps</span> aux | <span>grep</span> php-<span>fpm root </span><span>20208</span> <span>0.0</span> <span>0.5</span> <span>313272</span> <span>5832</span> ? Ss <span>23</span>:<span>13</span> <span>0</span>:<span>00</span> php-fpm: master process (/etc/php-<span>fpm.conf) www </span><span>20209</span> <span>0.4</span> <span>1.0</span> <span>316056</span> <span>10388</span> ? S <span>23</span>:<span>13</span> <span>0</span>:<span>00</span> php-<span>fpm: pool www www </span><span>20210</span> <span>0.3</span> <span>0.9</span> <span>315020</span> <span>9280</span> ? S <span>23</span>:<span>13</span> <span>0</span>:<span>00</span> php-<span>fpm: pool www www </span><span>20211</span> <span>0.4</span> <span>1.0</span> <span>316580</span> <span>10764</span> ? S <span>23</span>:<span>13</span> <span>0</span>:<span>00</span> php-<span>fpm: pool www www </span><span>20212</span> <span>0.4</span> <span>1.0</span> <span>316056</span> <span>10388</span> ? S <span>23</span>:<span>13</span> <span>0</span>:<span>00</span> php-<span>fpm: pool www www </span><span>20213</span> <span>0.0</span> <span>0.4</span> <span>313272</span> <span>4872</span> ? S <span>23</span>:<span>13</span> <span>0</span>:<span>00</span> php-<span>fpm: pool www www </span><span>20215</span> <span>0.0</span> <span>0.4</span> <span>313272</span> <span>4876</span> ? S <span>23</span>:<span>13</span> <span>0</span>:<span>00</span> php-<span>fpm: pool www root </span><span>20217</span> <span>0.0</span> <span>0.0</span> <span>103236</span> <span>860</span> pts/<span>0</span> S+ <span>23</span>:<span>14</span> <span>0</span>:<span>00</span> <span>grep</span> php-fpm
可以看到PHP-FPM进程的进程号是20208，其子进程都以www用户身份运行，而grep php-fpm是查看进程这个命令的进程。
3.7 问题：登录总是失败，并重新返回到登录页面
错误日志为：
2014-06-14 23:14:36 Warning: Warning (2): Unknown: Failed to write session data (files). Please verify that the current setting of session.save_path is correct (/var/lib/php/session) in <span>[</span><span>Unknown, line 0</span><span>]</span>
原因：PHP session目录的所有者:组是apache:apache，而不是www:www，与实际进程运行的用户身份不符。
更改PHP session目录的所有者:组为www:www：
# chown -R www:www /var/lib/php/session
从此，王子和公主过着没羞没臊的生活！
A. 参考资料
问题人家说的很清楚了：
Error: Missing Dependency: php-api = 20041225 is needed by package php-sqlite3-0.4-1.mf.i386 (installed)
建议人家也给你了：
You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem
You could try running: package-cleanup --problems
package-cleanup --dupes
rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest
你缺少包：php-api
centos5源里面php默认最高就是5.2
如果你想用php5.3。又不想自己编译安装在某个普通用户下面（切勿直接在root下编译安装替换系统的，会有很多问题的）
那还有一个选择。就是安装php53不过如果想装好，可能得先把php卸载掉。
在root用户下
yum remove php
然后再安装php53及所有相关组件
yum install php53*
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Comment configurer Visual Studio Code (VS Code) pour le développement PHP
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Visual Studio Code, également connu sous le nom de VS Code, est un éditeur de code source gratuit – ou environnement de développement intégré (IDE) – disponible pour tous les principaux systèmes d'exploitation. Avec une large collection d'extensions pour de nombreux langages de programmation, VS Code peut être c
Expliquez les jetons Web JSON (JWT) et leur cas d'utilisation dans les API PHP.
Apr 05, 2025 am 12:04 AM
JWT est une norme ouverte basée sur JSON, utilisée pour transmettre en toute sécurité des informations entre les parties, principalement pour l'authentification de l'identité et l'échange d'informations. 1. JWT se compose de trois parties: en-tête, charge utile et signature. 2. Le principe de travail de JWT comprend trois étapes: la génération de JWT, la vérification de la charge utile JWT et l'analyse. 3. Lorsque vous utilisez JWT pour l'authentification en PHP, JWT peut être généré et vérifié, et les informations sur le rôle et l'autorisation des utilisateurs peuvent être incluses dans l'utilisation avancée. 4. Les erreurs courantes incluent une défaillance de vérification de signature, l'expiration des jetons et la charge utile surdimensionnée. Les compétences de débogage incluent l'utilisation des outils de débogage et de l'exploitation forestière. 5. L'optimisation des performances et les meilleures pratiques incluent l'utilisation des algorithmes de signature appropriés, la définition des périodes de validité raisonnablement,
Comment analysez-vous et traitez-vous HTML / XML dans PHP?
Feb 07, 2025 am 11:57 AM
Ce tutoriel montre comment traiter efficacement les documents XML à l'aide de PHP. XML (Language de balisage extensible) est un langage de balisage basé sur le texte polyvalent conçu à la fois pour la lisibilité humaine et l'analyse de la machine. Il est couramment utilisé pour le stockage de données et
Programme PHP pour compter les voyelles dans une chaîne
Feb 07, 2025 pm 12:12 PM
Une chaîne est une séquence de caractères, y compris des lettres, des nombres et des symboles. Ce tutoriel apprendra à calculer le nombre de voyelles dans une chaîne donnée en PHP en utilisant différentes méthodes. Les voyelles en anglais sont a, e, i, o, u, et elles peuvent être en majuscules ou en minuscules. Qu'est-ce qu'une voyelle? Les voyelles sont des caractères alphabétiques qui représentent une prononciation spécifique. Il y a cinq voyelles en anglais, y compris les majuscules et les minuscules: a, e, i, o, u Exemple 1 Entrée: String = "TutorialSpoint" Sortie: 6 expliquer Les voyelles dans la chaîne "TutorialSpoint" sont u, o, i, a, o, i. Il y a 6 yuans au total
Expliquez la liaison statique tardive en PHP (statique: :).
Apr 03, 2025 am 12:04 AM
Liaison statique (statique: :) implémente la liaison statique tardive (LSB) dans PHP, permettant à des classes d'appel d'être référencées dans des contextes statiques plutôt que de définir des classes. 1) Le processus d'analyse est effectué au moment de l'exécution, 2) Recherchez la classe d'appel dans la relation de succession, 3) il peut apporter des frais généraux de performance.
Quelles sont les méthodes PHP Magic (__construct, __ destruct, __ call, __get, __set, etc.) et fournir des cas d'utilisation?
Apr 03, 2025 am 12:03 AM
Quelles sont les méthodes magiques de PHP? Les méthodes magiques de PHP incluent: 1. \ _ \ _ Construct, utilisé pour initialiser les objets; 2. \ _ \ _ Destruct, utilisé pour nettoyer les ressources; 3. \ _ \ _ Appel, gérer les appels de méthode inexistants; 4. \ _ \ _ GET, Implémentez l'accès à l'attribut dynamique; 5. \ _ \ _ SET, Implémentez les paramètres d'attribut dynamique. Ces méthodes sont automatiquement appelées dans certaines situations, améliorant la flexibilité et l'efficacité du code.
