Nginx+Memcached+Tomcat集群配置

本次主要是在win7 64 上演示操作。

• • web应用构建
  • Memcached安装配置启动
  • Tomcat配置
    • 所需jar包
      • memcached-session-manager
      • 序列化
    • contextxml配置
  • Nginx安装配置启动
  • 测试
  • 参考

web应用构建

简单构造web应用，这里就不做描述了，具体的可以访问我的Github。
为了方便显示，在success.jsp上做区别，一个加上8080，一个加上8081。

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Memcached安装、配置、启动

本次示例使用了2个memcached节点，都在一台机子上。

win7 64上的操作。资源可以在这个链接上下载我是链接。
解压后进入cmd进入此目录，记住一定要用已管理员身份运行。

安装

<code>memcached  <span>-d</span> install</code>

运行

<code>memcached <span>-d</span> start</code>

也可以启动多个memcached服务，可以参考这个链接。

创建

<code>sc <span><span>create</span><span>"Memcached Server"</span><span>start</span>= auto binPath= <span>"memcached_path -d runservice -m 32 -p 11311 -l 127.0.0.1"</span> DisplayName= <span>"Memcached Server"</span></span></code>

注意修改端口，默认是11211
可以通过Telnet访问：telnet 127.0.0.1 11211
telnet界面 quit可以退出

启动、停止、卸载Memcached Server的命令：

<code>sc start <span>"Memcached Server"</span><span>//启动</span>
sc stop <span>"Memcached Server"</span><span>//停止</span>
sc <span>delete</span><span>"Memcached Server"</span><span>//卸载该服务</span></code>

可以在任务管理器上看到memcached服务

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Tomcat配置

本次以2个tomcat7.0.62示例

Tomcat 集群配置，集群中各个结点通过共享存储在缓存Memcached中session来实现session的共享：如果有一台机器上的Tomcat服务停掉了，对于其他对等服务器上的session数据仍然可以从Memcached缓存中读取，从而不会发生session丢失的问题。

使用memcached-session-manager，官方文档。

tomcat的配置主要包括两个方面，首先需要下载所需要的包，放到tomcat安装目录下的lib目录下（严格来说应该是$CATALINA_HOME/lib/）
第一个msm所需要的jar，序列化所需要的jar，
第二个配置context.xml

所需jar包

memcached-session-manager

tomcat 7对应的maven配置
需要如下3个jar包；
memcached-session-manager-version.jar，
memcached-session-manager-tc7-version.jar，
spymemcached-version.jar

可以在下面maven中下载

<code><span>dependency</span>><span>groupId</span>>de.javakaffee.msm<span><span>groupId</span>></span><span>artifactId</span>>memcached-session-manager-tc7<span><span>artifactId</span>></span><span>version</span>>1.8.3<span><span>version</span>></span><span><span>dependency</span>></span></code>

序列化

4种序列化

<code>kryo-serializer：
<span>dependency</span>><span>groupId</span>>de.javakaffee.msm<span><span>groupId</span>></span><span>artifactId</span>>msm-kryo-serializer<span><span>artifactId</span>></span><span>version</span>>version<span><span>version</span>></span><span><span>dependency</span>></span>javolution:
<span>dependency</span>><span>groupId</span>>de.javakaffee.msm<span><span>groupId</span>></span><span>artifactId</span>>msm-javolution-serializer<span><span>artifactId</span>></span><span>version</span>>version<span><span>version</span>></span><span><span>dependency</span>></span>xstream:
<span>dependency</span>><span>groupId</span>>de.javakaffee.msm<span><span>groupId</span>></span><span>artifactId</span>>msm-xstream-serializer<span><span>artifactId</span>></span><span>version</span>>version<span><span>version</span>></span><span><span>dependency</span>></span>flexjson:
<span>dependency</span>><span>groupId</span>>de.javakaffee.msm<span><span>groupId</span>></span><span>artifactId</span>>msm-flexjson-serializer<span><span>artifactId</span>></span><span>version</span>>version<span><span>version</span>></span><span><span>dependency</span>></span></code>

各种序列化所需要的jar包如下：
- kryo-serializer: msm-kryo-serializer, kryo-serializers, kryo, minlog, reflectasm, asm
- javolution-serializer： msm-javolution-serializer, javolution
- xstream-serializer: msm-xstream-serializer, xstream, xmlpull, xpp3_min
- flexjson-serializer: msm-flexjson-serializer, flexjson

$CATALINA_HOME/lib/添加jar情况如下

context.xml配置

即修改$CATALINA_HOME/conf/context.xml文件中Context节点下的内容，提交MSM配置。
主要包括使用memcached来管理黏性session和非黏性session以及使用membase来管理非黏性session。
示例基于在一台主机的2个memcached实例，示例使用的序列化方式为kryo。

本次使用黏性session来管理，至于非黏性的可以自行配置或者下次再补充，配置如下，2个tomcat配置一样。

<code><context>  
  <span>...</span><manager classname="<span">"de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager"  memcachedNodes=<span>"n1:localhost:11211,n2:localhost:11311"</span>        sticky=<span>"false"</span> sessi>"false"        lockingMode=<span>"auto"</span>        requestUriIgnorePattern=<span>".*\.(ico|png|gif|jpg|css|js)$"</span>transcoderFactoryClass=<span>"de.javakaffee.web.msm.serializer.kryo.KryoTranscoderFactory"</span>/>
</manager></context>  </code>

Nginx安装、配置、启动

官网下载稳定版本，

解压后进入该目录后，

<code>start nginx  <span>// 启动</span></code>

这样，nginx 服务就启动了。打开任务管理器，查看 nginx.exe 进程，有二个进程会显示，占用系统资源，那是相当的少。然后再打开浏览器，输入 http://127.0.0.1/ 就可以看到nginx的欢迎页面了，非常友好。

<code>nginx <span>-s</span> stop          <span>// 停止nginx</span>
nginx <span>-s</span> reload       <span>// 重新加载配置文件</span>
nginx <span>-s</span> quit          <span>// 退出nginx</span></code>

默认情况下，Nginx使用默认的配置文件nginx.conf，修改它，如下：

<code><span>#user  nobody;</span><span>worker_processes</span><span>2</span>;

<span>#error_log  logs/error.log;</span><span>#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;</span><span>#error_log  logs/error.log  info;</span><span>#pid        logs/nginx.pid;</span><span>events</span> {
    <span>worker_connections</span><span>1024</span>;
}


<span>http</span> {
    <span>include</span>       mime.types;
    <span>default_type</span>  application/octet-stream;

    <span>log_format</span>  main  <span>'<span>$remote_addr</span> - <span>$remote_user</span> [<span>$time_local</span>] "<span>$request</span>" '</span><span>'<span>$status</span><span>$body_bytes_sent</span> "<span>$http_referer</span>" '</span><span>'"<span>$http_user_agent</span>" "<span>$http_x_forwarded_for</span>"'</span>;

    <span>access_log</span>  logs/access.log  main;

    <span>sendfile</span><span>on</span>;
    <span>#tcp_nopush     on;</span><span>#keepalive_timeout  0;</span><span>#keepalive_timeout  65;</span><span>#gzip  on;</span><span>upstream</span> localhost {  
        <span>#ip_hash;</span><span>server</span> localhost:<span>8080</span> weight=<span>1</span>;  
        <span>server</span> localhost:<span>8081</span> weight=<span>1</span>;
    }

    <span>server</span> {
        <span>listen</span><span>80</span>;
        <span>server_name</span>  localhost;
        <span>charset</span> utf-<span>8</span>;

        <span>#charset koi8-r;</span><span>#access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;</span><span>location</span> / {
            <span>root</span>   html;
            <span>index</span>  index.html index.htm;
            <span>proxy_pass</span><span>http://localhost</span>;  
            <span>proxy_connect_timeout</span><span>2s</span>;
            <span>proxy_set_header</span> X-Real-IP <span>$remote_addr</span>;
            <span>proxy_set_header</span> X-Forwarded-For <span>$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for</span>;
        }

        <span>location</span><span>~ ^/(WEB-INF)/</span> {   
        <span>deny</span> all;   
        }   


        <span>#error_page  404              /404.html;</span><span># redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html</span><span>#</span><span>error_page</span><span>500</span><span>502</span><span>503</span><span>504</span>  /50x.html;
        <span>location</span> = /50x.html {
            <span>root</span>   html;
        }

        <span># proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80</span><span>#</span><span>#location ~ \.php$ {</span><span>#    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;</span><span>#}</span><span># pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000</span><span>#</span><span>#location ~ \.php$ {</span><span>#    root           html;</span><span>#    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;</span><span>#    fastcgi_index  index.php;</span><span>#    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;</span><span>#    include        fastcgi_params;</span><span>#}</span><span># deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root</span><span># concurs with nginx's one</span><span>#</span><span>#location ~ /\.ht {</span><span>#    deny  all;</span><span>#}</span>
    }




    <span># another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration</span><span>#</span><span>#server {</span><span>#    listen       8000;</span><span>#    listen       somename:8080;</span><span>#    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;</span><span>#    location / {</span><span>#        root   html;</span><span>#        index  index.html index.htm;</span><span>#    }</span><span>#}</span><span># HTTPS server</span><span>#</span><span>#server {</span><span>#    listen       443 ssl;</span><span>#    server_name  localhost;</span><span>#    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;</span><span>#    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;</span><span>#    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;</span><span>#    ssl_session_timeout  5m;</span><span>#    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;</span><span>#    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;</span><span>#    location / {</span><span>#        root   html;</span><span>#        index  index.html index.htm;</span><span>#    }</span><span>#}</span>}
</code>

测试

登陆页面

成功页面
success1

success2

当把tomcat（8080）关掉后，调用tomcat(8081)显示success2；
当关闭一个memcached服务后，显示正常。

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参考

Nginx+Memcached+Tomcat集群配置实践（Sticky Session）
同一台Windows机器中启动多个Memcached服务
MSM–Memcached_Session_Manager介绍及使用
memcached-session-manager配置
Windows下Nginx的安装与配置

版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，未经博主允许不得转载。

以上就介绍了Nginx+Memcached+Tomcat集群配置，包括了方面的内容，希望对PHP教程有兴趣的朋友有所帮助。