Cet article vous présente principalement les informations pertinentes sur la façon de modifier les restrictions IP des comptes MySQL. L'article le présente en détail à travers un exemple de code. Il a une certaine valeur de référence et d'apprentissage pour l'étude ou le travail de chacun. peut aider tout le monde.
Avant-propos
J'ai récemment rencontré une exigence au travail : pour modifier les autorisations des utilisateurs MySQL, il est nécessaire de restreindre l'accès à des adresses IP spécifiques. C'est la première fois que je rencontre une telle exigence. , et le résultat a été constaté lors du test. Certains problèmes ont été détectés lors de la mise à jour des autorisations système. La démonstration spécifique est la suivante
Remarque : l'environnement de test ci-dessous est MySQL 5.6.20. versions et les résultats des tests ci-dessous, veuillez vous référer à l'environnement réel.
Nous créons d'abord un utilisateur test LimitIP, qui autorise uniquement l'accès aux adresses IP du segment 192.168. Les autorisations spécifiques sont les suivantes :
mysql> GRANT SELECT ON MyDB.* TO LimitIP@'192.168.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'LimitIP'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> GRANT INSERT ,UPDATE,DELETE ON MyDB.kkk TO LimitIP@'192.168.%'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> show grants for LimitIP@'192.168.%'; +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Grants for LimitIP@192.168.% | +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.%' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*72DDE03E02CC55A9478A82F3F4EBE7F639249DEC' | | GRANT SELECT ON `MyDB`.* TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.%' | | GRANT INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON `MyDB`.`kkk` TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.%' | +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql>
mysql> select user, host from mysql.user where user='LimitIP'; +---------+-----------+ | user | host | +---------+-----------+ | LimitIP | 192.168.% | +---------+-----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> update mysql.user set host='192.168.103.17' where user='LimitIP'; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> select user, host from user where user='LimitIP'; ERROR 1046 (3D000): No database selected mysql> use mysql; Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed mysql> select user, host from user where user='LimitIP'; +---------+----------------+ | user | host | +---------+----------------+ | LimitIP | 192.168.103.17 | +---------+----------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> show grants for LimitIP@'192.168.103.17'; +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Grants for LimitIP@192.168.103.17 | +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.17' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*72DDE03E02CC55A9478A82F3F4EBE7F639249DEC' | +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql>
mysql> select * from mysql.db where user='LimitIP'\G; *************************** 1. row *************************** Host: 192.168.% Db: MyDB User: LimitIP Select_priv: Y Insert_priv: N Update_priv: N Delete_priv: N Create_priv: N Drop_priv: N Grant_priv: N References_priv: N Index_priv: N Alter_priv: N Create_tmp_table_priv: N Lock_tables_priv: N Create_view_priv: N Show_view_priv: N Create_routine_priv: N Alter_routine_priv: N Execute_priv: N Event_priv: N Trigger_priv: N 1 row in set (0.00 sec) ERROR: No query specified mysql> select * from mysql.tables_priv where user='LimitIP'\G; *************************** 1. row *************************** Host: 192.168.% Db: MyDB User: LimitIP Table_name: kkk Grantor: root@localhost Timestamp: 0000-00-00 00:00:00 Table_priv: Insert,Update,Delete Column_priv: 1 row in set (0.00 sec) ERROR: No query specified
mysql> show grants for LimitIP@'192.168.%'; ERROR 1141 (42000): There is no such grant defined for user 'LimitIP' on host '192.168.%' mysql> mysql> mysql> update mysql.db set host='192.168.103.17' where user='LimitIP'; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 mysql> update mysql.tables_priv set host='192.168.103.17' where user='LimitIP'; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show grants for LimitIP@'192.168.103.17'; +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Grants for LimitIP@192.168.103.17 | +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.17' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*72DDE03E02CC55A9478A82F3F4EBE7F639249DEC' | | GRANT SELECT ON `MyDB`.* TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.17' | | GRANT INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON `MyDB`.`kkk` TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.17' | +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql>
mysql> RENAME USER 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.17' TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.18'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show grants for 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.18'; +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Grants for LimitIP@192.168.103.18 | +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.18' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*72DDE03E02CC55A9478A82F3F4EBE7F639249DEC' | | GRANT SELECT ON `MyDB`.* TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.18' | | GRANT INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON `MyDB`.`kkk` TO 'LimitIP'@'192.168.103.18' | +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql>
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