Compose
About versions and upgrading (Compose)
ASP.NET Core + SQL Server on Linux (Compose)
CLI environment variables (Compose)
Command-line completion (Compose)
Compose（组成）
Compose command-line reference（组合命令行参考）
Control startup order (Compose)
Django and PostgreSQL (Compose)
Docker stacks and distributed application bundles (Compose)
docker-compose build（docker-compose构建）
docker-compose bundle
docker-compose config
docker-compose create
docker-compose down
docker-compose events
docker-compose exec
docker-compose help
docker-compose images
docker-compose kill
docker-compose logs
docker-compose pause
docker-compose port
docker-compose ps
docker-compose pull
docker-compose push
docker-compose restart
docker-compose rm
docker-compose run
docker-compose scale
docker-compose start
docker-compose stop
docker-compose top
docker-compose unpause
docker-compose up
Environment file (Compose)
Environment variables in Compose
Extend services in Compose
Frequently asked questions (Compose)
Getting started (Compose)
Install Compose
Link environment variables (deprecated) (Compose)
Networking in Compose
Overview of Docker Compose
Overview of docker-compose CLI
Quickstart: Compose and WordPress
Rails and PostgreSQL (Compose)
Sample apps with Compose
Using Compose in production
Using Compose with Swarm
Engine
.NET Core application (Engine)
About images, containers, and storage drivers (Engine)
Add nodes to the swarm (Engine)
Apply custom metadata (Engine)
Apply rolling updates (Engine)
apt-cacher-ng
Best practices for writing Dockerfiles (Engine)
Binaries (Engine)
Bind container ports to the host (Engine)
Breaking changes (Engine)
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Configure container DNS in user-defined networks (Engine)
CouchDB (Engine)
Create a base image (Engine)
Create a swarm (Engine)
Customize the docker0 bridge (Engine)
Debian (Engine)
Default bridge network
Delete the service (Engine)
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Deprecated Engine features
Docker container networking (Engine)
Docker overview (Engine)
Docker run reference (Engine)
Dockerfile reference (Engine)
Dockerize an application
Drain a node (Engine)
Engine
FAQ (Engine)
Fedora (Engine)
Get started (Engine)
Get started with macvlan network driver (Engine)
Get started with multi-host networking (Engine)
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How services work (Engine)
Image management (Engine)
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Install Docker (Engine)
IPv6 with Docker (Engine)
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Legacy container links (Engine)
Lock your swarm (Engine)
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Manage sensitive data with Docker secrets (Engine)
Manage swarm security with PKI (Engine)
Manage swarm service networks (Engine)
Migrate to Engine 1.10
Optional Linux post-installation steps (Engine)
Overview (Engine)
PostgreSQL (Engine)
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Riak (Engine)
Run Docker Engine in swarm mode
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SSHd (Engine)
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Swarm administration guide (Engine)
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Swarm mode overview (Engine)
Understand container communication (Engine)
Use multi-stage builds (Engine)
Use swarm mode routing mesh (Engine)
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Use the Btrfs storage driver (Engine)
Use the Device mapper storage driver (Engine)
Use the OverlayFS storage driver (Engine)
Use the VFS storage driver (Engine)
Use the ZFS storage driver (Engine)
Engine: Admin Guide
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Collect Docker metrics with Prometheus (Engine)
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Configuring logging drivers (Engine)
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JSON File logging driver (Engine)
Keep containers alive during daemon downtime (Engine)
Limit a container's resources (Engine)
Link via an ambassador container (Engine)
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Logentries logging driver (Engine)
PowerShell DSC usage (Engine)
Prune unused Docker objects (Engine)
Run multiple services in a container (Engine)
Runtime metrics (Engine)
Splunk logging driver (Engine)
Start containers automatically (Engine)
Storage overview (Engine)
Syslog logging driver (Engine)
tmpfs mounts
Troubleshoot volume problems (Engine)
Use a logging driver plugin (Engine)
Using Ansible (Engine)
Using Chef (Engine)
Using Puppet (Engine)
View a container's logs (Engine)
Volumes (Engine)
Engine: CLI
Daemon CLI reference (dockerd) (Engine)
docker
docker attach
docker build
docker checkpoint
docker checkpoint create
docker checkpoint ls
docker checkpoint rm
docker commit
docker config
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Use the Docker command line (Engine)
Engine: Extend
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Managed plugin system (Engine)
Plugin configuration (Engine)
Plugins API (Engine)
Volume plugins (Engine)
Engine: Security
AppArmor security profiles for Docker (Engine)
Automation with content trust (Engine)
Content trust in Docker (Engine)
Delegations for content trust (Engine)
Deploying Notary (Engine)
Docker security (Engine)
Docker security non-events (Engine)
Isolate containers with a user namespace (Engine)
Manage keys for content trust (Engine)
Play in a content trust sandbox (Engine)
Protect the Docker daemon socket (Engine)
Seccomp security profiles for Docker (Engine)
Secure Engine
Use trusted images
Using certificates for repository client verification (Engine)
Engine: Tutorials
Engine tutorials
Network containers (Engine)
Get Started
Part 1: Orientation
Part 2: Containers
Part 3: Services
Part 4: Swarms
Part 5: Stacks
Part 6: Deploy your app
Machine
Amazon Web Services (Machine)
Digital Ocean (Machine)
docker-machine active
docker-machine config
docker-machine create
docker-machine env
docker-machine help
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docker-machine ip
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docker-machine rm
docker-machine scp
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docker-machine url
Driver options and operating system defaults (Machine)
Drivers overview (Machine)
Exoscale (Machine)
Generic (Machine)
Get started with a local VM (Machine)
Google Compute Engine (Machine)
IBM Softlayer (Machine)
Install Machine
Machine
Machine CLI overview
Machine command-line completion
Machine concepts and help
Machine overview
Microsoft Azure (Machine)
Microsoft Hyper-V (Machine)
Migrate from Boot2Docker to Machine
OpenStack (Machine)
Oracle VirtualBox (Machine)
Provision AWS EC2 instances (Machine)
Provision Digital Ocean Droplets (Machine)
Provision hosts in the cloud (Machine)
Rackspace (Machine)
VMware Fusion (Machine)
VMware vCloud Air (Machine)
VMware vSphere (Machine)
Notary
Client configuration (Notary)
Common Server and signer configurations (Notary)
Getting started with Notary
Notary changelog
Notary configuration files
Running a Notary service
Server configuration (Notary)
Signer configuration (Notary)
Understand the service architecture (Notary)
Use the Notary client
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personnages
要在 Docker Engine 处于群集模式时部署应用程序映像，请创建一个服务。在某些更大的应用程序中，服务通常会成为微服务的图像。服务示例可能包括 HTTP 服务器，数据库或您希望在分布式环境中运行的任何其他类型的可执行程序。
在创建服务时，您可以指定要使用哪个容器映像以及要在正在运行的容器中执行哪些命令。您还可以定义该服务的选项，包括：
群体将在群体外提供服务的端口
该服务的覆盖网络连接到群中的其他服务
CPU和内存限制和保留
滚动更新政策
要在群中运行的图像副本的数量
服务，任务和容器
将服务部署到群集时，群集管理器接受服务定义作为服务的所需状态。然后它将该群中的节点上的服务作为一个或多个副本任务进行调度。这些任务在群中的节点上彼此独立运行。
例如，假设您想要在 HTTP 侦听器的三个实例之间进行负载平衡。下图显示了具有三个副本的 HTTP 侦听器服务。监听者的三个实例中的每一个都是群中的一个任务。
容器是一个孤立的过程。在群模式模型中，每个任务只调用一个容器。任务类似于调度程序放置容器的“插槽”。一旦容器处于活动状态，调度程序就会识别出该任务处于运行状态。如果容器未通过健康检查或终止，则任务将终止。
任务和计划
任务是群体中的调度的原子单位。当您通过创建或更新服务来声明所需的服务状态时，协调器通过调度任务来实现所需的状态。例如，您可以定义一个服务，指示协调器始终保持运行 HTTP 侦听器的三个实例。协调者通过创建三个任务来做出响应。每个任务都是调度程序通过产生容器来填充的插槽。容器是任务的实例化。如果 HTTP 侦听程序任务随后失败其运行状况检查或崩溃，则该协调器会创建一个新的副本任务，以生成一个新的容器。
任务是一个单向机制。它通过一系列状态单调进行：分配，准备，运行等。如果任务失败，则协调器删除任务及其容器，然后创建一个新任务以根据服务指定的期望状态进行替换。
Docker 群集模式的基础逻辑是通用调度器和协调器。服务和任务抽象本身并不知道它们实现的容器。假设你可以实现其他类型的任务，例如虚拟机任务或非集装箱化的任务。调度程序和协调器对于任务的类型是不可知的。但是，当前版本的 Docker 仅支持容器任务。
下图显示了 swarm 模式如何接受服务创建请求并为工作节点调度任务。
待定服务
服务可以被配置为使得群中当前没有节点可以运行其任务。在这种情况下，服务保持在状态pending。以下是一些服务可能保持在状态的几个示例pending。
注意：如果您的唯一目的是阻止部署服务，请将服务扩展为0而不是尝试将其配置为保留在服务中pending。
如果所有节点都处于暂停或耗尽状态，并且您创建了一个服务，它将处于等待状态，直到某个节点可用。实际上，第一个可用的节点将获得所有的任务，因此在生产环境中这不是一件好事。
您可以为服务保留特定数量的内存。如果群中没有节点具有所需的内存量，则该服务将保持等待状态，直到有可用节点运行其任务。如果你指定一个非常大的值，比如500 GB，那么这个任务将永远处于等待状态，除非你真的有一个可以满足它的节点。
您可以对服务实施布局约束，并且在给定的时间内约束可能无法得到遵守。此行为说明您的任务的要求和配置与群体的当前状态并不紧密相关。作为群体的管理员，您声明群体的期望状态，并且经理与群体中的节点一起工作以创建该状态。您不需要微管理群集上的任务。复制和全局服务有两种类型的服务部署，即复制和全局。对于复制服务，指定要运行的相同任务的数量。例如，您决定部署一个具有三个副本的HTTP服务，每个副本服务于相同的内容。全局服务是在每个节点上运行一项任务的服务。没有预先指定的任务数量。每次将节点添加到swarm中时，编排器都将创建一个任务，并且调度程序将该任务分配给新节点。全球服务的良好候选者是监控代理，要在群集中的每个节点上运行的防病毒扫描程序或其他类型的容器。下图显示了三个服务的黄色副本和灰色的全局服务。
了解更多
了解群集模式节点如何工作。
了解PKI如何在群集模式下工作。