Oracle体系结构及备份（三）user-process

一 什么是用户进程 用户进程是指用户到 Oracle 数据库服务器的链接，用户进程处理用户输入并通过 Oracle 程序接口与 Oracle 服务器进程通信。用户进程还负责显示用户请求的信息，必要时可以将信息处理成更有用的形式。用户通过客户端，比如 SQL Plus 、 SQL

一 什么是用户进程

 

        用户进程是指用户到Oracle数据库服务器的链接，用户进程处理用户输入并通过Oracle程序接口与Oracle服务器进程通信。用户进程还负责显示用户请求的信息，必要时可以将信息处理成更有用的形式。用户通过客户端，比如SQL Plus、SQL Developer、PL SQL Developer、Toad等工具连接上服务器而产生的进程。

 

二 怎样查看用户进程

 

        通过视图v$session进行查看。示例：

 

[oracle@localhost 桌面]$ lsnrctl start

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 27-MAY-2013 19:33:25

Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Starting /oracle/oracle//product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /oracle/oracle//product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /oracle/oracle//product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost.localdomain)(PORT=1521)))

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                27-MAY-2013 19:33:27
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /oracle/oracle//product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /oracle/oracle//product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost.localdomain)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[oracle@localhost 桌面]$ sqlplus 

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon May 27 19:33:34 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Enter user-name: / as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  167772160 bytes
Fixed Size		    1218316 bytes
Variable Size		   71305460 bytes
Database Buffers	   92274688 bytes
Redo Buffers		    2973696 bytes
sDatabase mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> show parameter user_

NAME				     TYPE	 VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
license_max_users		     integer	 0
user_dump_dest			     string	 /oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/
						 db_1/admin/orcl/udump
SQL> desc v$session;
 Name					   Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
 SADDR						    RAW(4)
 SID						    NUMBER
 SERIAL#					    NUMBER
 AUDSID 					    NUMBER
 PADDR						    RAW(4)
 USER#						    NUMBER
 USERNAME					    VARCHAR2(30)
 COMMAND					    NUMBER
 OWNERID					    NUMBER
 TADDR						    VARCHAR2(8)
 LOCKWAIT					    VARCHAR2(8)
 STATUS 					    VARCHAR2(8)
 SERVER 					    VARCHAR2(9)
 SCHEMA#					    NUMBER
 SCHEMANAME					    VARCHAR2(30)
 OSUSER 					    VARCHAR2(30)
 PROCESS					    VARCHAR2(12)
 MACHINE					    VARCHAR2(64)
 TERMINAL					    VARCHAR2(30)
 PROGRAM					    VARCHAR2(48)
 TYPE						    VARCHAR2(10)
 SQL_ADDRESS					    RAW(4)
 SQL_HASH_VALUE 				    NUMBER
 SQL_ID 					    VARCHAR2(13)
 SQL_CHILD_NUMBER				    NUMBER
 PREV_SQL_ADDR					    RAW(4)
 PREV_HASH_VALUE				    NUMBER
 PREV_SQL_ID					    VARCHAR2(13)
 PREV_CHILD_NUMBER				    NUMBER
 MODULE 					    VARCHAR2(48)
 MODULE_HASH					    NUMBER
 ACTION 					    VARCHAR2(32)
 ACTION_HASH					    NUMBER
 CLIENT_INFO					    VARCHAR2(64)
 FIXED_TABLE_SEQUENCE				    NUMBER
 ROW_WAIT_OBJ#					    NUMBER
 ROW_WAIT_FILE# 				    NUMBER
 ROW_WAIT_BLOCK#				    NUMBER
 ROW_WAIT_ROW#					    NUMBER
 LOGON_TIME					    DATE
 LAST_CALL_ET					    NUMBER
 PDML_ENABLED					    VARCHAR2(3)
 FAILOVER_TYPE					    VARCHAR2(13)
 FAILOVER_METHOD				    VARCHAR2(10)
 FAILED_OVER					    VARCHAR2(3)
 RESOURCE_CONSUMER_GROUP			    VARCHAR2(32)
 PDML_STATUS					    VARCHAR2(8)
 PDDL_STATUS					    VARCHAR2(8)
 PQ_STATUS					    VARCHAR2(8)
 CURRENT_QUEUE_DURATION 			    NUMBER
 CLIENT_IDENTIFIER				    VARCHAR2(64)
 BLOCKING_SESSION_STATUS			    VARCHAR2(11)
 BLOCKING_INSTANCE				    NUMBER
 BLOCKING_SESSION				    NUMBER
 SEQ#						    NUMBER
 EVENT# 					    NUMBER
 EVENT						    VARCHAR2(64)
 P1TEXT 					    VARCHAR2(64)
 P1						    NUMBER
 P1RAW						    RAW(4)
 P2TEXT 					    VARCHAR2(64)
 P2						    NUMBER
 P2RAW						    RAW(4)
 P3TEXT 					    VARCHAR2(64)
 P3						    NUMBER
 P3RAW						    RAW(4)
 WAIT_CLASS_ID					    NUMBER
 WAIT_CLASS#					    NUMBER
 WAIT_CLASS					    VARCHAR2(64)
 WAIT_TIME					    NUMBER
 SECONDS_IN_WAIT				    NUMBER
 STATE						    VARCHAR2(19)
 SERVICE_NAME					    VARCHAR2(64)
 SQL_TRACE					    VARCHAR2(8)
 SQL_TRACE_WAITS				    VARCHAR2(5)
 SQL_TRACE_BINDS				    VARCHAR2(5)

SQL> desc v$process;
 Name					   Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
 ADDR						    RAW(4)
 PID						    NUMBER
 SPID						    VARCHAR2(12)
 USERNAME					    VARCHAR2(15)
 SERIAL#					    NUMBER
 TERMINAL					    VARCHAR2(30)
 PROGRAM					    VARCHAR2(48)
 TRACEID					    VARCHAR2(255)
 BACKGROUND					    VARCHAR2(1)
 LATCHWAIT					    VARCHAR2(8)
 LATCHSPIN					    VARCHAR2(8)
 PGA_USED_MEM					    NUMBER
 PGA_ALLOC_MEM					    NUMBER
 PGA_FREEABLE_MEM				    NUMBER
 PGA_MAX_MEM					    NUMBER

SQL> desc v$sql;
 Name					   Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
 SQL_TEXT					    VARCHAR2(1000)
 SQL_FULLTEXT					    CLOB
 SQL_ID 					    VARCHAR2(13)
 SHARABLE_MEM					    NUMBER
 PERSISTENT_MEM 				    NUMBER
 RUNTIME_MEM					    NUMBER
 SORTS						    NUMBER
 LOADED_VERSIONS				    NUMBER
 OPEN_VERSIONS					    NUMBER
 USERS_OPENING					    NUMBER
 FETCHES					    NUMBER
 EXECUTIONS					    NUMBER
 PX_SERVERS_EXECUTIONS				    NUMBER
 END_OF_FETCH_COUNT				    NUMBER
 USERS_EXECUTING				    NUMBER
 LOADS						    NUMBER
 FIRST_LOAD_TIME				    VARCHAR2(38)
 INVALIDATIONS					    NUMBER
 PARSE_CALLS					    NUMBER
 DISK_READS					    NUMBER
 DIRECT_WRITES					    NUMBER
 BUFFER_GETS					    NUMBER
 APPLICATION_WAIT_TIME				    NUMBER
 CONCURRENCY_WAIT_TIME				    NUMBER
 CLUSTER_WAIT_TIME				    NUMBER
 USER_IO_WAIT_TIME				    NUMBER
 PLSQL_EXEC_TIME				    NUMBER
 JAVA_EXEC_TIME 				    NUMBER
 ROWS_PROCESSED 				    NUMBER
 COMMAND_TYPE					    NUMBER
 OPTIMIZER_MODE 				    VARCHAR2(10)
 OPTIMIZER_COST 				    NUMBER
 OPTIMIZER_ENV					    RAW(797)
 OPTIMIZER_ENV_HASH_VALUE			    NUMBER
 PARSING_USER_ID				    NUMBER
 PARSING_SCHEMA_ID				    NUMBER
 PARSING_SCHEMA_NAME				    VARCHAR2(30)
 KEPT_VERSIONS					    NUMBER
 ADDRESS					    RAW(4)
 TYPE_CHK_HEAP					    RAW(4)
 HASH_VALUE					    NUMBER
 OLD_HASH_VALUE 				    NUMBER
 PLAN_HASH_VALUE				    NUMBER
 CHILD_NUMBER					    NUMBER
 SERVICE					    VARCHAR2(64)
 SERVICE_HASH					    NUMBER
 MODULE 					    VARCHAR2(64)
 MODULE_HASH					    NUMBER
 ACTION 					    VARCHAR2(64)
 ACTION_HASH					    NUMBER
 SERIALIZABLE_ABORTS				    NUMBER
 OUTLINE_CATEGORY				    VARCHAR2(64)
 CPU_TIME					    NUMBER
 ELAPSED_TIME					    NUMBER
 OUTLINE_SID					    NUMBER
 CHILD_ADDRESS					    RAW(4)
 SQLTYPE					    NUMBER
 REMOTE 					    VARCHAR2(1)
 OBJECT_STATUS					    VARCHAR2(19)
 LITERAL_HASH_VALUE				    NUMBER
 LAST_LOAD_TIME 				    VARCHAR2(38)
 IS_OBSOLETE					    VARCHAR2(1)
 CHILD_LATCH					    NUMBER
 SQL_PROFILE					    VARCHAR2(64)
 PROGRAM_ID					    NUMBER
 PROGRAM_LINE#					    NUMBER
 EXACT_MATCHING_SIGNATURE			    NUMBER
 FORCE_MATCHING_SIGNATURE			    NUMBER
 LAST_ACTIVE_TIME				    DATE
 BIND_DATA					    RAW(2000)

SQL> desc v$sqltext;
 Name					   Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
 ADDRESS					    RAW(4)
 HASH_VALUE					    NUMBER
 SQL_ID 					    VARCHAR2(13)
 COMMAND_TYPE					    NUMBER
 PIECE						    NUMBER
 SQL_TEXT					    VARCHAR2(64)

--sys用户登录，用session查看用户进程
SQL> SELECT username,sid FROM v$session;

USERNAME			      SID
------------------------------ ----------
				      149
				      150
				      152
				      155
SYS				      159
				      160
				      161
				      162
				      163
				      164
				      165

USERNAME			      SID
------------------------------ ----------
				      166
				      167
				      168
				      169
				      170

16 rows selected.

--再以自建用户wgb登录，再次查看，会发现新增一条记录
SQL> SELECT username, sid from V$SESSION;

USERNAME			      SID
------------------------------ ----------
WGB				      147
				      149
				      150
				      152
				      155
SYS				      159
				      160
				      161
				      162
				      163
				      164

USERNAME			      SID
------------------------------ ----------
				      165
				      166
				      167
				      168
				      169
				      170

17 rows selected.

 

三 说明

 

        SID：用户进程与服务器端进程进行连接产生的

        没有用户名的记录：本身存在的一些连接，比如后台进程

        PID：v$process视图进程查询

 

四 用户进程对DBA管理的作用

 

        如何去控制用户与服务器进行连接的

        要不要Oracle的网络客户端

        用户进程与服务器进程产生后，是哪个用户产生的

        用户进程产生后进行了一些什么工作

 

 

	@Wentasy