連絡先選択 API を使用する Web サイトを初めて使用すると、次のようなメッセージが表示される場合があります:
このポップアップを「怖い」と感じる人もいるかもしれません。
ユーザーが「許可」をタップするまで、携帯電話には毎回このポップアップが表示されます。それが行われるまで、Contact Picker API は実行されません。それは良いことです。ユーザーが適切な権限を付与していることを確認したいと考えています。それが一度限りのものであることも良いことです。ページが Contact Picker API コードを実行するたびに承認を与えるのは面倒です。
メインコードは getContactData() 関数内にあります。その前に、Contact Picker API が利用できない場合にボタンを表示する意味は何でしょうか?ボタンが利用できない場合は非表示にしましょう。あるいは、デフォルトでボタンを非表示にし (hidden 属性を追加)、API が利用可能な場合にのみボタンを表示しましょう。
// only show the button if browser supports Contact Picker API
if ("contacts" in navigator) {
document.querySelector("button").removeAttribute("hidden");
}
// it is asynchronous because we'll wait for the modal selection
async function getContactData() {
// indicate what contact values will be read
const props = ["tel", "name", "email"];
// wrap everything in a try...catch, just in case
try {
// open the native contact selector (after permission is granted)
const contacts = await navigator.contacts.select(props);
// this will execute after the native contact selector is closed
if (contacts.length) {
// if there's data, show it
alert("Selected data: " + JSON.stringify(contacts));
} else {
// ...if not, indicate nothing was selected
alert("No selection done");
}
} catch (ex) {
// if something fails, show the error message
alert(ex.message)
}
}
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Once the button triggers this function, and if the browser has permissions (see screenshot in the previous section), the contact modal will show up, indicating essential information: the URL reading the data, what data it will return, and the list of contacts to pick from.
The Contact Picker shows what information will be shared
After closing the modal, the contacts variable will store the data in JSON as an array with an object containing the information requested (it may be empty if it is not available in the contact card).
For example, this is the result after selecting myself as a contact (fake data):
If the data includes an icon, it will be a blob with the image. If the data includes an address, it will be a more complex object with street, city, country, ZIP code, etc. You can check the returned values in the specification.
But why an array if we only selected one contact? Because there's an option to choose more than one contact!
Selecting Multiple Contacts
It is possible to select more than one contact. If we want to do that, we need to pass a second parameter to the navigator.contacts.select() method indicating this option.
const props = ["tel", "address", "icon", "name", "email"];
// only one option available: read multiple or only one (default)
const options = { multiple: true };
try {
const contacts = await navigator.contacts.select(props, options);
// ...
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The result is an array of contacts, so the rest of the code could remain the same for this example.
The code above can be intimidating, mainly because of all the comments I added. Here's a lightly commented version of the code above. As you may notice, it is pretty simple:
async function getContactData() {
if ("contacts" in navigator) {
const props = await navigator.contacts.getProperties();
const options = { multiple: true };
try {
const contacts = await navigator.contacts.select(props, options);
if (contacts.length) {
// code managing the selected data
} else {
// code when nothing was selected
}
} catch (ex) {
// code if there was an error
}
}
}
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You can check out a running demo on my website. Don't worry, I don't do any with the contact information beyond writing it on the screen. But review the code before if you don't trust me.
Conclusion: Privacy Over Piracy
Contact information is PII (Personally Identifiable Information), and we must treat it with all the care and security that sensitive data requires.
Apart from possible legal requirements that I am not going to go through (because I don't know them, and they change from country to country), here are some basic guidelines when dealing with sensitive data:
Respect people's privacy. Don't force them to share information they don't want to share.
Treat the data with care and in a safe way. Would you be comfortable if the data you are processing were yours?
Don't store data if you don't need to. Read it, use it, forget it. Don't store data that you are not using.
Only get the data that you need. Don't be sneaky or shady. Get just what's required to build credibility and trust.
Suppose a web app tries to read addresses, names, or emails while selecting a phone number. If that happened to me, I would automatically reject the permission and leave the website.
So, explore JavaScript and the Contact Picker API, but always remember that there's a person behind the screen and that the data they share could be risky if it falls into the wrong hands. Don't be reckless.
If you enjoyed this article about JavaScript and like to test Web APIs and different things with JS, check out this other article:
Develop a Rock Band game with HTML and JavaScript
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