JavaScript方法和技巧大全_基础知识

这篇介绍JavaScript方面的日志，我在是Clang上看到的。作者介绍挺全面的，所以转载过来让感兴趣的朋友看一下。呵呵～～～

有些时候你精通一门语言，但是会发现你其实整天在和其它语言打交道，也许你以为这些微不足道，不至于影响你的开发进度，但恰恰是这些你不重视的东西会浪费你很多时间，我一直以为我早在几年前就已经精通JavaScript了，直到目前，我才越来越觉得JavaScript远比我想象的复杂和强大，我开始崇拜它，就像崇拜所有OOP语言一样～
趁着节日的空隙，把有关JavaScript的方法和技巧整理下，让每个在为JavaScript而烦恼的人明白，JavaScript就这么回事！并希望JavaScript还可以成为你的朋友，让你豁然开朗，在项目中更好的应用～

适合阅读范围：对JavaScript一无所知～离精通只差一步之遥的人
基础知识：HTML


JavaScript就这么回事1：基础知识 

1 创建脚本块

1: <script> <BR>2: JavaScript code goes here <BR>3: </script> 



2 隐藏脚本代码

1: <script> <BR>2: <!-- <BR>3: document.write(“Hello”); <BR>4: // --> <BR>5: </script> 


在不支持JavaScript的浏览器中将不执行相关代码

3 浏览器不支持的时候显示

1:  



4 链接外部脚本文件

1: <script></script> 


5 注释脚本

1: // This is a comment
2: document.write(“Hello”); // This is a comment
3: /*
4: All of this
5: is a comment
6: */ 



6 输出到浏览器

1: document.write(“Hello”); 



7 定义变量

1: var myVariable = “some value”; 



8 字符串相加

1: var myString = “String1” + “String2”; 



9 字符串搜索

1: <script> <BR>2: <!-- <BR>3: var myVariable = “Hello there”; <BR>4: var therePlace = myVariable.search(“there”); <BR>5: document.write(therePlace); <BR>6: // --> <BR>7: </script> 



10 字符串替换

1: thisVar.replace(“Monday”,”Friday”); 


11 格式化字串

1: <script> <BR>2: <!-- <BR>3: var myVariable = “Hello there”; <BR>4: document.write(myVariable.big() + “<br>”); <BR>5: document.write(myVariable.blink() + “<br>”); <BR>6: document.write(myVariable.bold() + “<br>”); <BR>7: document.write(myVariable.fixed() + “<br>”); <BR>8: document.write(myVariable.fontcolor(“red”) + “<br>”); <BR>9: document.write(myVariable.fontsize(“18pt”) + “<br>”); <BR>10: document.write(myVariable.italics() + “<br>”); <BR>11: document.write(myVariable.small() + “<br>”); <BR>12: document.write(myVariable.strike() + “<br>”); <BR>13: document.write(myVariable.sub() + “<br>”); <BR>14: document.write(myVariable.sup() + “<br>”); <BR>15: document.write(myVariable.toLowerCase() + “<br>”); <BR>16: document.write(myVariable.toUpperCase() + “<br>”); <BR>17: <BR>18: var firstString = “My String”; <BR>19: var finalString = firstString.bold().toLowerCase().fontcolor(“red”); <BR>20: // --> <BR>21: </script> 



12 创建数组

1: <script> <BR>2: <!-- <BR>3: var myArray = new Array(5); <BR>4: myArray[0] = “First Entry”; <BR>5: myArray[1] = “Second Entry”; <BR>6: myArray[2] = “Third Entry”; <BR>7: myArray[3] = “Fourth Entry”; <BR>8: myArray[4] = “Fifth Entry”; <BR>9: var anotherArray = new Array(“First Entry”,”Second Entry”,”Third Entry”,”Fourth Entry”,”Fifth Entry”); <BR>10: // --> <BR>11: </script> 



13 数组排序

1: <script> <BR>2: <!-- <BR>3: var myArray = new Array(5); <BR>4: myArray[0] = “z”; <BR>5: myArray[1] = “c”; <BR>6: myArray[2] = “d”; <BR>7: myArray[3] = “a”; <BR>8: myArray[4] = “q”; <BR>9: document.write(myArray.sort()); <BR>10: // --> <BR>11: </script> 



14 分割字符串

1: <script> <BR>2: <!-- <BR>3: var myVariable = “a,b,c,d”; <BR>4: var stringArray = myVariable.split(“,”); <BR>5: document.write(stringArray[0]); <BR>6: document.write(stringArray[1]); <BR>7: document.write(stringArray[2]); <BR>8: document.write(stringArray[3]); <BR>9: // --> <BR>10: </script> 



15 弹出警告信息

1: <script> <BR>2: <!-- <BR>3: window.alert(“Hello”); <BR>4: // --> <BR>5: </script> 



16 弹出确认框

1: <script> <BR>2: <!-- <BR>3: var result = window.confirm(“Click OK to continue”); <BR>4: // --> <BR>5: </script> 



17 定义函数

1: <script> <BR>2: <!-- <BR>3: function multiple(number1,number2) { <BR>4: var result = number1 * number2; <BR>5: return result; <BR>6: } <BR>7: // --> <BR>8: </script> 



18 调用JS函数

1: Link text
2: Link text 



19 在页面加载完成后执行函数

1: 

2: Body of the page
3:  


20 条件判断

1: <script> <BR>2: <!-- <BR>3: var userChoice = window.confirm(“Choose OK or Cancel”); <BR>4: var result = (userChoice == true) ? “OK” : “Cancel”; <BR>5: document.write(result); <BR>6: // --> <BR>7: </script> 



21 指定次数循环

1: <script> <BR>2: <!-- <BR>3: var myArray = new Array(3); <BR>4: myArray[0] = “Item 0”; <BR>5: myArray[1] = “Item 1”; <BR>6: myArray[2] = “Item 2”; <BR>7: for (i = 0; i < myArray.length; i++) { <BR>8: document.write(myArray[i] + “<br>”); <BR>9: } <BR>10: // --> <BR>11: </script> 



22 设定将来执行

1: <script> <BR>2: <!-- <BR>3: function hello() { <BR>4: window.alert(“Hello”); <BR>5: } <BR>6: window.setTimeout(“hello()”,5000); <BR>7: // --> <BR>8: </script> 



23 定时执行函数

1: <script> <BR>2: <!-- <BR>3: function hello() { <BR>4: window.alert(“Hello”); <BR>5: window.setTimeout(“hello()”,5000); <BR>6: } <BR>7: window.setTimeout(“hello()”,5000); <BR>8: // --> <BR>9: </script> 



24 取消定时执行

1: <script> <BR>2: <!-- <BR>3: function hello() { <BR>4: window.alert(“Hello”); <BR>5: } <BR>6: var myTimeout = window.setTimeout(“hello()”,5000); <BR>7: window.clearTimeout(myTimeout); <BR>8: // --> <BR>9: </script> 



25 在页面卸载时候执行函数

1: 
2: Body of the page
3:  

JavaScript就这么回事2：浏览器输出 


26 访问document对象

1: <script> <BR>2: var myURL = document.URL; <BR>3: window.alert(myURL); <BR>4: </script> 



27 动态输出HTML

1: <script> <BR>2: document.write(“<p>Here's some information about this document:”); <BR>3: document.write(“<ul>”); <BR>4: document.write(“<li>Referring Document: “ + document.referrer + “”); <BR>5: document.write(“<li>Domain: “ + document.domain + “”); <BR>6: document.write(“<li>URL: “ + document.URL + “”); <BR>7: document.write(“”); <BR>8: </script> 


28 输出换行

1: document.writeln(“a”);
2: document.writeln(“b”); 



29 输出日期

1: <script> <BR>2: var thisDate = new Date(); <BR>3: document.write(thisDate.toString()); <BR>4: </script> 



30 指定日期的时区

1: <script> <BR>2: var myOffset = -2; <BR>3: var currentDate = new Date(); <BR>4: var userOffset = currentDate.getTimezoneOffset()/60; <BR>5: var timeZoneDifference = userOffset - myOffset; <BR>6: currentDate.setHours(currentDate.getHours() + timeZoneDifference); <BR>7: document.write(“The time and date in Central Europe is: “ + currentDate.toLocaleString()); <BR>8: </script> 


31 设置日期输出格式

1: <script> <BR>2: var thisDate = new Date(); <BR>3: var thisTimeString = thisDate.getHours() + “:” + thisDate.getMinutes(); <BR>4: var thisDateString = thisDate.getFullYear() + “/” + thisDate.getMonth() + “/” + thisDate.getDate(); <BR>5: document.write(thisTimeString + “ on “ + thisDateString); <BR>6: </script> 


32 读取URL参数

1: <script> <BR>2: var urlParts = document.URL.split(“?”); <BR>3: var parameterParts = urlParts[1].split(“&”); <BR>4: for (i = 0; i < parameterParts.length; i++) { <BR>5: var pairParts = parameterParts[i].split(“=”); <BR>6: var pairName = pairParts[0]; <BR>7: var pairValue = pairParts[1]; <BR>8: document.write(pairName + “ ：“ +pairValue ); <BR>9: } <BR>10: </script> 

你还以为HTML是无状态的么？

33 打开一个新的document对象

1: <script> <BR>2: function newDocument() { <BR>3: document.open(); <BR>4: document.write(“<p>This is a New Document.”); <BR>5: document.close(); <BR>6: } <BR>7: </script> 



34 页面跳转

1: <script> <BR>2: window.location = “http://www.liu21st.com/”; <BR>3: </script> 



35 添加网页加载进度窗口

1: 
2: 
3: <script> <BR>4: var placeHolder = window.open('holder.html','placeholder','width=200,height=200'); <BR>5: </script>
6: 
7: 
8: 
9: 

This is the main page

10: 
11:  



JavaScript就这么回事3：图像 



36 读取图像属性

1: 
2: Width
3: 


37 动态加载图像

1: <script> <BR>2: myImage = new Image; <BR>3: myImage.src = “Tellers1.jpg”; <BR>4: </script> 


38 简单的图像替换

1: <script> <BR>2: rollImage = new Image; <BR>3: rollImage.src = “rollImage1.jpg”; <BR>4: defaultImage = new Image; <BR>5: defaultImage.src = “image1.jpg”; <BR>6: </script>
7: 8: onMouseOut=”document.myImage.src = defaultImage.src;”>
9:  


39 随机显示图像

1: <script> <BR>2: var imageList = new Array; <BR>3: imageList[0] = “image1.jpg”; <BR>4: imageList[1] = “image2.jpg”; <BR>5: imageList[2] = “image3.jpg”; <BR>6: imageList[3] = “image4.jpg”; <BR>7: var imageChoice = Math.floor(Math.random() * imageList.length); <BR>8: document.write(‘<img src="/static/imghw/default1.png" data-src="http://img.sxsky.net/it//”image1.jpg" class="lazy" src=”' + imageList[imageChoice] + ‘“ alt="JavaScript方法和技巧大全_基础知识" >'); <BR>9: </script> 


40 函数实现的图像替换

1: <script> <BR>2: var source = 0; <BR>3: var replacement = 1; <BR>4: function createRollOver(originalImage,replacementImage) { <BR>5: var imageArray = new Array; <BR>6: imageArray[source] = new Image; <BR>7: imageArray[source].src = originalImage; <BR>8: imageArray[replacement] = new Image; <BR>9: imageArray[replacement].src = replacementImage; <BR>10: return imageArray; <BR>11: } <BR>12: var rollImage1 = createRollOver(“image1.jpg”,”rollImage1.jpg”); <BR>13: </script>
14: 15: onMouseOut=”document.myImage1.src = rollImage1[source].src;”>
16: 
17:  


41 创建幻灯片

1: <script> <BR>2: var imageList = new Array; <BR>3: imageList[0] = new Image; <BR>4: imageList[0].src = “image1.jpg”; <BR>5: imageList[1] = new Image; <BR>6: imageList[1].src = “image2.jpg”; <BR>7: imageList[2] = new Image; <BR>8: imageList[2].src = “image3.jpg”; <BR>9: imageList[3] = new Image; <BR>10: imageList[3].src = “image4.jpg”; <BR>11: function slideShow(imageNumber) { <BR>12: document.slideShow.src = imageList[imageNumber].src; <BR>13: imageNumber += 1; <BR>14: if (imageNumber < imageList.length) { <BR>15: window.setTimeout(“slideShow(“ + imageNumber + “)”,3000); <BR>16: } <BR>17: } <BR>18: </script>
19: 
20: 
21:  


42 随机广告图片

1: <script> <BR>2: var imageList = new Array; <BR>3: imageList[0] = “image1.jpg”; <BR>4: imageList[1] = “image2.jpg”; <BR>5: imageList[2] = “image3.jpg”; <BR>6: imageList[3] = “image4.jpg”; <BR>7: var urlList = new Array; <BR>8: urlList[0] = “http://some.host/”; <BR>9: urlList[1] = “http://another.host/”; <BR>10: urlList[2] = “http://somewhere.else/”; <BR>11: urlList[3] = “http://right.here/”; <BR>12: var imageChoice = Math.floor(Math.random() * imageList.length); <BR>13: document.write(‘<a href=”' + urlList[imageChoice] + ‘“><img src="/static/imghw/default1.png" data-src="http://img.sxsky.net/it//”login.gif" class="lazy" src=”' + imageList[imageChoice] + ‘“ alt="JavaScript方法和技巧大全_基础知识" >'); <BR>14: </script> 

JavaScript就这么回事4：表单 


还是先继续写完JS就这么回事系列吧～
43 表单构成

1: 

2: 
3: 
4: First Choice
5: Second Choice
6: 
7: 

8: 
9: 

 


44 访问表单中的文本框内容

1: 

2: 
3: 

4: Check Text Field 


45 动态复制文本框内容

1: 

2: Enter some Text: 

3: Copy Text: 
4: 

5: 6: document.myForm.myText.value;”>Copy Text Field 


46 侦测文本框的变化

1: 

2: Enter some Text: 
3: 

 


47 访问选中的Select

1: 

2: 
3: 1
4: 2
5: 3
6: 
7: 

8: Check Selection List 


48 动态增加Select项

1: 

2: 
3: 1
4: 2
5: 
6: 

7: <script> <BR>8: document.myForm.mySelect.length++; <BR>9: document.myForm.mySelect.options[document.myForm.mySelect.length - 1].text = “3”; <BR>10: document.myForm.mySelect.options[document.myForm.mySelect.length - 1].value = “Third Choice”; <BR>11: </script> 


49 验证表单字段

1: <script> <BR>2: function checkField(field) { <BR>3: if (field.value == “”) { <BR>4: window.alert(“You must enter a value in the field”); <BR>5: field.focus(); <BR>6: } <BR>7: } <BR>8: </script>
9: 

10: Text Field: 
11: 

12: 

 


50 验证Select项

1: function checkList(selection) { 
2: if (selection.length == 0) { 
3: window.alert(“You must make a selection from the list.”);
4: return false;
5: }
6: return true;
7: } 


51 动态改变表单的action

1: 

2: Username: 

3: Password: 

4: 
5: 
6: 
7: 

 


52 使用图像按钮

1: 

2: Username: 

3: Password: 

4: 
5: 

6: 


53 表单数据的加密

1: <script> <BR>2: <!-- <BR>3: function encrypt(item) { <BR>4: var newItem = ''; <BR>5: for (i=0; i < item.length; i++) { <BR>6: newItem += item.charCodeAt(i) + '.'; <BR>7: } <BR>8: return newItem; <BR>9: } <BR>10: function encryptForm(myForm) { <BR>11: for (i=0; i < myForm.elements.length; i++) { <BR>12: myForm.elements[i].value = encrypt(myForm.elements[i].value); <BR>13: } <BR>14: } <BR>15: <BR>16: //--> <BR>17: </script>
18: 

19: Enter Some Text: 
20: 

 




JavaScript就这么回事5：窗口和框架 


54 改变浏览器状态栏文字提示

1: <script> <BR>2: window.status = “A new status message”; <BR>3: </script> 


55 弹出确认提示框

1: <script> <BR>2: var userChoice = window.confirm(“Click OK or Cancel”); <BR>3: if (userChoice) { <BR>4: document.write(“You chose OK”); <BR>5: } else { <BR>6: document.write(“You chose Cancel”); <BR>7: } <BR>8: </script> 


56 提示输入

1: <script> <BR>2: var userName = window.prompt(“Please Enter Your Name”,”Enter Your Name Here”); <BR>3: document.write(“Your Name is “ + userName); <BR>4: </script> 


57 打开一个新窗口

1: //打开一个名称为myNewWindow的浏览器新窗口
2: <script> <BR>3: window.open(“http://www.liu21st.com/”,”myNewWindow”); <BR>4: </script> 


58 设置新窗口的大小

1: <script> <BR>2: window.open(“http://www.liu21st.com/”,”myNewWindow”,'height=300,width=300'); <BR>3: </script> 


59 设置新窗口的位置

1: <script> <BR>2: window.open(“http://www.liu21st.com/”,”myNewWindow”,'height=300,width=300,left=200,screenX=200,top=100,screenY=100'); <BR>3: </script> 


60 是否显示工具栏和滚动栏

1: <script> <BR>2: window.open(“http: <br><br><BR>61 是否可以缩放新窗口的大小 <br><br>1: <script language=”JavaScript”> <BR>2: window.open('http://www.liu21st.com/' , 'myNewWindow', 'resizable=yes' );</script> 


62 加载一个新的文档到当前窗口

1: Open New Document 


63 设置页面的滚动位置

1: <script> <BR>2: if (document.all) { //如果是IE浏览器则使用scrollTop属性 <BR>3: document.body.scrollTop = 200; <BR>4: } else { //如果是NetScape浏览器则使用pageYOffset属性 <BR>5: window.pageYOffset = 200; <BR>6: }</script> 


64 在IE中打开全屏窗口

1: Open a full-screen window 


65 新窗口和父窗口的操作

1: <script> <BR>2: //定义新窗口 <BR>3: var newWindow = window.open(“128a.html”,”newWindow”); <BR>4: newWindow.close(); //在父窗口中关闭打开的新窗口 <BR>5: </script>
6: 在新窗口中关闭父窗口
7: window.opener.close() 


66 往新窗口中写内容

1: <script> <BR>2: var newWindow = window.open(“”,”newWindow”); <BR>3: newWindow.document.open(); <BR>4: newWindow.document.write(“This is a new window”); <BR>5: newWIndow.document.close(); <BR>6: </script> 


67 加载页面到框架页面

1: 
2: 
3: 
4: 
5: 在frame1中加载frame2中的页面
6: parent.frame2.document.location = “135b.html”; 


68 在框架页面之间共享脚本
如果在frame1中html文件中有个脚本

1: function doAlert() { 
2: window.alert(“Frame 1 is loaded”);
3: } 

那么在frame2中可以如此调用该方法

1: 
2: This is frame 2.
3:  


69 数据公用
可以在框架页面定义数据项，使得该数据可以被多个框架中的页面公用

1: <script> <BR>2: var persistentVariable = “This is a persistent value”; <BR>3: </script>
4: 
5: 
6: 
7:  


这样在frame1和frame2中都可以使用变量persistentVariable 
70 框架代码库
根据以上的一些思路，我们可以使用一个隐藏的框架页面来作为整个框架集的代码库

1: 
2: 
3: 
4: 
5: