Python 組み込み関数 - hasattr&setattr&getattr&delattr
hasattr & setattr & getattr & delattrhasattr(object,name):用于判断一个对象里中是否存在name这一特性. setattr(object, name, value):该函数给对象中的属性赋值,该属性若不存在,则会在对象里创建新的属性 delattr(object, name):删除指定对象的属性,可以配合hasattr使用 getattr(object, name[, default]),object为对象名,naem为对象属性(必须是字符串), default为name属性不存在时指定的返回内容(可以是字符串,也可以是部分指令), 若对象中存在该属性,则函数返回object.name, 否则返回default中的内容,若省略default,则返回 AttributeError. In [4]: class test(object): ...: name = "john" ...: def greet(self): ...: print "hello,my name is %s"% name ...: In [5]: a = test() In [6]: hasattr(a,'name') Out[6]: True In [7]: hasattr(a,'greet') Out[7]: True In [8]: setattr(a,'name','mark') In [9]: print a.name mark In [10]: getattr(a,'name','no exit') Out[10]: 'mark' In [11]: getattr(a,'greet','no exit') Out[11]: <bound method test.greet of <__main__.test object at 0x0000000003AB8470 >> In [12]: getattr(a,'age','no exit') Out[12]: 'no exit' In [13]: setattr(a,'name','jane') In [14]: a.name Out[14]: 'jane' In [15]: setattr(a,'age',20) In [16]: a.age Out[16]: 20 In [17]: getattr(a,'nationality',setattr(a,'nationality','Englend')) Out[17]: 'Englend' In [18]: a.nationality Out[18]: 'Englend' In [19]: if hasattr(a,'age'): ....: delattr(a,'age') ....: In [20]: a.age --------------------------------------------------------------------------- AttributeError Traceback (most recent call last) <ipython-input-20-d50340e1fbb7> in <module>() ----> 1 a.age AttributeError: 'test' object has no attribute 'age' In [21]: b = test() In [22]: b.nationality --------------------------------------------------------------------------- AttributeError Traceback (most recent call last) <ipython-input-22-fd8c7f39aa50> in <module>() ----> 1 b.nationality AttributeError: 'test' object has no attribute 'nationality'
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