PHP が Web サービスの呼び出しに失敗した場合はどうすればよいですか?

php调用webservice失败的解决办法：1、去掉“;extension=php_soap.dll”前的分号并重启apache；2、创建WSDL文件并运行creatService.php文件；3、关闭WSDL缓存。

本文操作环境：windows7系统、PHP7.1版、DELL G3电脑

php调用webservice失败怎么办？

php编写webservice案例、webservice调用失败

作为开发者来讲，要想写webservice接口或者调用别人的webservice接口，首先需要了解什么是webservice。

简单说, WebService就是一些站点开放一些服务出来, 也可以是你自己开发的Service, 也就是一些方法, 通过URL,指定某一个方法名,发出请求,站点里的这个服务(方法),接到你的请求,根据传过来的参数,做一些处理,然后把处理后的结果以XML形式返回来给你,你的程序就解析这些XML数据,然后显示出来或做其它操作。

在开始编写之前需要对php环境做一些配置：

打开php安装目录下的php.ini文件

找到 ;extension=php_soap.dll ，去掉前面的分号，保存，然后重启apache。

配置好环境就可以编写php了，先创建creatService.php文件，复制下面代码：

<?php
class ServiceTest{
	public function firstHandle($name){
		return "你的名字是:".$name;
    }
    
    public function dbInsert($text){
        $db=new mysqli("localhost","root","","test");
		if(mysqli_connect_error()){
		    return &#39;数据库连接失败。&#39;;
		    exit;
		}
        $result=$db->query("insert into test_soap (text) values(&#39;".$text."&#39;)");
        
		if($result){
			return $result;
		}else{
			return "插入失败";
		}
    }
}

if(file_exists(&#39;ServiceTest.wsdl&#39;)){ //只有当ServiceTest.wsdl文件存在时才进行注册类
    $objSoapServer = new SoapServer("ServiceTest.wsdl");
    //注册ServiceTest类的所有方法 
    $objSoapServer->setClass("ServiceTest");
    //处理请求 
    $objSoapServer->handle();
}

require_once "SoapDiscovery.class.php";
$dis=new SoapDiscovery("ServiceTest","WebService"); //第一个参数为类名也是生成wsdl的文件名
$dis->getWSDL();



?>

第一次运行creatService.php文件时要创建wsdl文件，创建WSDL文件需要用到一个辅助类SoapDiscovery.class.php。在文章末尾可以得到。

创建完成之后便是测试调用，创建client.php文件，复制以下代码：

ini_set('soap.wsdl_cache_enabled','0');//关闭缓存

$x = new SoapClient("http://localhost/webServiceTest/ServiceTest.wsdl"); //这里的链接换成你自己的访问链接

try {
    echo $x->firstHandle('qweqrwergwe');

    echo (&#39;<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">&#39;);
    var_dump ( $x->__getFunctions () );//获取服务器上提供的方法
    echo (&#39;

'); echo ('

');
    var_dump ( $x->__getTypes () );//获取服务器上数据类型
    echo ('

'); }catch (SoapFault $f){ echo "Error Message: {$f->getMessage()}"; }

注意！ ini_set('soap.wsdl_cache_enabled','0'); //关闭WSDL缓存

如果不关闭缓存，会造成测试无效，缓存数据会扰乱测试准确性。

注意！如果是在thinkphp5中使用SoapClient函数应当如下使用：

$client = new \SoapClient ('http://www.baidu.com/ids/terminal/terminalWs.wsdl');

重要点：

使用https访问webservice的话会出现访问异常，博主就遇到这个问题的，本地创建和调用webservice都通过了，但是一放到线上就无法调用了，然后各种google、baidu。最后才发现线上的环境是http强制转了https。

我的解决办法是取消了http强制转换https的功能：

找到httpd-vhost.conf，注释掉一下代码：

##    RewriteEngine on
##    RewriteCond   %{HTTPS} !=on
##    RewriteRule   ^(.*)  https://%{SERVER_NAME}$1 [L,R]

注释掉上面的代码后我发现我的网站不是https了，呜呜呜~，真的是拆了东墙补西墙啊，赶紧想办法，因为网站必须使用https才行，还好我使用的是thinkphp框架，找到了一个方法，在入口文件index.php最下面加入下面的代码就行了：

if (empty($_SERVER['HTTPS']) || $_SERVER['HTTPS'] === "off") {
    $location = 'https://' . $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] . $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'];
    header('HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently');
    header('Location: ' . $location);
    exit;
}

SoapDiscovery.class.php类：

<?php
  
/**
 * Copyright (c) 2005, Braulio Jos?Solano Rojas
 * All rights reserved.
 * 
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are
 * permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 * 
 * 	Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of
 * 	conditions and the following disclaimer. 
 * 	Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of
 * 	conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials
 * 	provided with the distribution. 
 * 	Neither the name of the Solsoft de Costa Rica S.A. nor the names of its contributors may
 * 	be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific
 * 	prior written permission.
 * 
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND
 * CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES,
 * INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
 * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
 * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
 * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
 * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
 * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE,
 * EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 * 
 *
 * @version $Id$
 * @copyright 2005 
 */
 
/**
 * SoapDiscovery Class that provides Web Service Definition Language (WSDL).
 * 
 * @package SoapDiscovery
 * @author Braulio Jos?Solano Rojas
 * @copyright Copyright (c) 2005 Braulio Jos?Solano Rojas
 * @version $Id$
 * @access public
 **/
class SoapDiscovery {
	private $class_name = &#39;&#39;;
	private $service_name = &#39;&#39;;
	
	/**
	 * SoapDiscovery::__construct() SoapDiscovery class Constructor.
	 * 
	 * @param string $class_name
	 * @param string $service_name
	 **/
	public function __construct($class_name = &#39;&#39;, $service_name = &#39;&#39;) {
		$this->class_name = $class_name;
		$this->service_name = $service_name;
	}
	
	/**
	 * SoapDiscovery::getWSDL() Returns the WSDL of a class if the class is instantiable.
	 * 
	 * @return string
	 **/
	public function getWSDL() {
		if (empty($this->service_name)) {
			throw new Exception(&#39;No service name.&#39;);
		}
		$headerWSDL = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" ?>\n";
		$headerWSDL.= "<definitions name=\"$this->service_name\" targetNamespace=\"urn:$this->service_name\" xmlns:wsdl=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/\" xmlns:soap=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/\" xmlns:tns=\"urn:$this->service_name\" xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\" xmlns:SOAP-ENC=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\" xmlns=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/\">\n";
		$headerWSDL.= "<types xmlns=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/\" />\n";
 
		if (empty($this->class_name)) {
			throw new Exception(&#39;No class name.&#39;);
		}
		
		$class = new ReflectionClass($this->class_name);
		
		if (!$class->isInstantiable()) {
			throw new Exception(&#39;Class is not instantiable.&#39;);
		}
		
		$methods = $class->getMethods();
		
		$portTypeWSDL = &#39;<portType name="&#39;.$this->service_name.&#39;Port">&#39;;
		$bindingWSDL = &#39;<binding name="&#39;.$this->service_name.&#39;Binding" type="tns:&#39;.$this->service_name."Port\">\n<soap:binding style=\"rpc\" transport=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http\" />\n";
		$serviceWSDL = &#39;<service name="&#39;.$this->service_name."\">\n<documentation />\n<port name=\"".$this->service_name.&#39;Port" binding="tns:&#39;.$this->service_name."Binding\"><soap:address location=\"http://".$_SERVER[&#39;SERVER_NAME&#39;].&#39;:&#39;.$_SERVER[&#39;SERVER_PORT&#39;].$_SERVER[&#39;PHP_SELF&#39;]."\" />\n</port>\n</service>\n";
		$messageWSDL = &#39;&#39;;
		foreach ($methods as $method) {
			if ($method->isPublic() && !$method->isConstructor()) {
				$portTypeWSDL.= &#39;<operation name="&#39;.$method->getName()."\">\n".&#39;<input message="tns:&#39;.$method->getName()."Request\" />\n<output message=\"tns:".$method->getName()."Response\" />\n</operation>\n";
				$bindingWSDL.= &#39;<operation name="&#39;.$method->getName()."\">\n".&#39;<soap:operation soapAction="urn:&#39;.$this->service_name.&#39;#&#39;.$this->class_name.&#39;#&#39;.$method->getName()."\" />\n<input><soap:body use=\"encoded\" namespace=\"urn:$this->service_name\" encodingStyle=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\" />\n</input>\n<output>\n<soap:body use=\"encoded\" namespace=\"urn:$this->service_name\" encodingStyle=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\" />\n</output>\n</operation>\n";
			    $messageWSDL.= &#39;<message name="&#39;.$method->getName()."Request\">\n";
				$parameters = $method->getParameters();
				foreach ($parameters as $parameter) {
					$messageWSDL.= &#39;<part name="&#39;.$parameter->getName()."\" type=\"xsd:string\" />\n";
				}
				$messageWSDL.= "</message>\n";
				$messageWSDL.= &#39;<message name="&#39;.$method->getName()."Response\">\n";
				$messageWSDL.= &#39;<part name="&#39;.$method->getName()."\" type=\"xsd:string\" />\n";
				$messageWSDL.= "</message>\n";
			}
		}
		$portTypeWSDL.= "</portType>\n";
		$bindingWSDL.= "</binding>\n";
		//return sprintf(&#39;%s%s%s%s%s%s&#39;, $headerWSDL, $portTypeWSDL, $bindingWSDL, $serviceWSDL, $messageWSDL, &#39;</definitions>&#39;);
	    $fso = fopen($this->class_name . ".wsdl" , "w"); 
        fwrite($fso, sprintf(&#39;%s%s%s%s%s%s&#39;, $headerWSDL, $portTypeWSDL, $bindingWSDL, $serviceWSDL, $messageWSDL, &#39;</definitions>&#39;)); 
        exit; 
	}
	
	/**
	 * SoapDiscovery::getDiscovery() Returns discovery of WSDL.
	 * 
	 * @return string
	 **/
	public function getDiscovery() {
		return "<?xml version=\"1.0\" ?>\n<disco:discovery xmlns:disco=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/disco/\" xmlns:scl=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/disco/scl/\">\n<scl:contractRef ref=\"http://".$_SERVER[&#39;SERVER_NAME&#39;].&#39;:&#39;.$_SERVER[&#39;SERVER_PORT&#39;].$_SERVER[&#39;PHP_SELF&#39;]."?wsdl\" />\n</disco:discovery>";
	}
}
 
?>

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