캄보디아, 블록체인 기반 디지털 자격 증명 시스템(UTC) 시범 도입

Cambodia has been chosen to pilot an innovative blockchain-based fintech platform called Universal Trusted Credentials (UTC), a digital credentialing system leveraging

Cambodia has been chosen to pilot an innovative blockchain-based fintech platform called Universal Trusted Credentials (UTC), a digital credentialing system leveraging Internet Computer Protocol (ICP) blockchain technology. This initiative is developed by an international development organization in collaboration with various global partners, as announced by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP).

The objective of this new technology is to establish a more secure and accessible digital credentialing system aimed at promoting sustainable development and economic growth. Representatives of the project highlighted the potential of UTC to significantly impact the financial sector.

The UNDP will partner with the Dfinity Foundation for the Cambodian pilot project. The Dfinity Foundation, based in Switzerland, specializes in blockchain technology research and development (R&D). According to a UNDP report, UTC functions as a global framework of indicators designed specifically for enterprises. The data points within this framework are sourced exclusively from authoritative data sources and are selected based on their relevance and utility to financial institutions for assessing an enterprise’s intent and ability to pay.

The framework is designed to facilitate more efficient, cost-effective, and higher levels of financing and financial services. This is particularly beneficial for micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs), which often face challenges in accessing financing or are subjected to heightened collateral requirements due to a lack of verified data.

Global Trials and Expansion Plans

UTC was initially launched in November 2023 by the UNDP and the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS). Before the announcement of the Cambodian pilot project, MAS and the Bank of Ghana conducted a trial of the UTC system in Ghana in May. The Ghana project utilized a semi-fungible token (SFT) to transfer licenses and trade records into the UTC system. The first pilot of the technology also demonstrated the inclusion of a Know Your Customer (KYC) verification within an SFT.

The UNDP has described the Ghana UTC system as a proof of concept, indicating its potential for further international expansion. The organization aims to eventually implement UTC in ten partnering countries worldwide.

Marcos Neto, the UN assistant secretary general and director of the UNDP’s Bureau for Policy and Programme Support, emphasized that harnessing advanced technology could lead to the creation of a more secure and accessible digital credentialing system, driving sustainable development and economic growth. Dominic Williams, founder of the Dfinity Foundation, noted that using the Internet Computer blockchain technology would allow the UTC initiative to benefit from extensive research and development, supported by leading cryptographers and digital identity experts.

The Dfinity Foundation’s decentralized ICP blockchain Internet Identity solution will ensure secure storage and management of digital credentials during the Cambodian UTC pilot, as highlighted in the UNDP statement.

Cambodian Financial Sector and MSME Support

Before the recent announcement of the UTC project launch in Cambodia, Rath Sovannorak, deputy governor of the National Bank of Cambodia (NBC), attended a roundtable discussion in Zurich, Switzerland. The forum, titled “Launching Universal Trusted Credentials (UTC): Experiences and Challenges,” was part of the Point Zero Forum, a three-day financial technology event held from July 1-3.

During the meeting, Rath Sovannorak discussed the current situation of MSMEs in Cambodia and their significant role in socio-economic development. He pointed out that MSMEs face particular challenges in accessing financial services. The deputy governor also highlighted the progress made by the Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) and the NBC in supporting MSME growth through policies that promote local production and increase employment in the sector. He confirmed that the UTC project in Cambodia aims to create a robust database to help MSMEs overcome challenges, especially in accessing financial services from banking and financial institutions.

2020년 NBC는 중앙은행 인프라를 활용하는 토큰화된 통화 결제 및 예금 시스템인 Bakong 앱을 출시하여 코로나19 팬데믹 기간 동안 중소기업의 금융 접근을 지원하고 물리적 거래를 줄였습니다. 도쿄에 본사를 둔 블록체인 기술 스타트업인 Soramitsu와 공동으로 개발된 디지털 통화는 2020년 10월에 유통되기 시작했습니다. 블록체인 기반의 개방형 API 결제 시스템은 즉각적인 QR 기반 거래를 촉진하고 리엘 및 달러 은행 잔고에 대한 링크를 제공합니다. 앱을 사용하기 위해 은행 계좌가 필요하지 않습니다.

Bakong은 국경 간 결제에도 활용되었으며 캄보디아, 태국, 라오스, 베트남 및 중국 UnionPay 간의 QR 코드 기반 거래를 촉진할 수 있습니다. NBC는 앱의 국경 간 결제 기능을 확장하기 위해 전 세계 다른 국가 은행 및 결제 시스템 당국과 여러 양해각서를 체결했습니다. NBC 총재 Chea Serey에 따르면 2023년 12월 Nikkei Asia와의 인터뷰에서 보고된 바와 같이 이 시스템은 약 1천만 개의 지갑을 호스팅합니다.

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