AWS EC2에 Node.js 서버를 배포하면 AWS의 안정적인 인프라, 확장성 및 유연성을 활용하여 애플리케이션을 효율적으로 호스팅할 수 있습니다. 이 가이드는 EC2 인스턴스 설정, Nginx 및 PM2와 같은 필수 도구 설치, Let's Encrypt를 사용하여 HTTPS로 애플리케이션 보호를 단계별로 안내합니다. 이 가이드가 끝나면 안전한 EC2 환경에서 완벽하게 작동하는 Node.js 서버가 실행되어 프로덕션 트래픽을 처리할 준비가 됩니다.
시작하기 전에 다음 사항을 확인하세요.
인스턴스를 시작할 때 사용자 데이터 스크립트를 제공하여 필요한 패키지 설치를 자동화할 수 있습니다.
#!/bin/bash
sudo apt update
sudo apt install nginx -y
sudo apt-get install curl
curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_18.x | sudo -E bash -
sudo apt-get install -y nodejs
curl -sL https://dl.yarnpkg.com/debian/pubkey.gpg | sudo apt-key add -
echo "deb https://dl.yarnpkg.com/debian/ stable main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/yarn.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install yarn -y
sudo npm i -g pm2
sudo cp /etc/nginx/sites-available/default /etc/nginx/sites-available/default.bkp
sudo rm /etc/nginx/sites-available/default
sudo echo "server {
listen 80 default_server;
listen [::]:80 default_server;
# The server_name can be changed to your domain or left as-is for IP-based access
server_name YOUR_DOMAIN; # Use your domain or public IP if no domain is configured
# Proxy requests to the backend server running on port 3000
location / {
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:3000; # Your backend port here
proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
proxy_set_header Connection 'upgrade';
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade;
proxy_redirect off;
}
# Optional: serve static files directly from a directory if needed
# location /static {
# alias /path/to/static/files; # Uncomment and set path if you have static files
# expires 30d;
# access_log off;
# }
# This is commented out because we are not serving any frontend files from /var/www/html
# root /var/www/html;
# index index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html;
}
" > /etc/nginx/sites-available/default
sudo rm /var/www/html/index.nginx-debian.html
sudo apt-get update
이 스크립트는 Nginx, Node.js, Yarn 및 PM2로 환경을 설정하고 Nginx가 포트 3000에서 실행되는 백엔드 서버에 대한 역방향 프록시 역할을 하도록 구성합니다.
이후 인스턴스 실행 버튼을 클릭하여 인스턴스를 생성하세요.
인스턴스가 실행되면 터미널(macOS/Linux용)을 사용하여 EC2 인스턴스에 SSH로 연결합니다.
ssh -i path/to/your-key.pem ubuntu@<your-ec2-public-ip>
Windows를 사용하는 경우 퍼티를 사용하여 로그인할 수 있습니다. 로그인 단계입니다.
After that it may ask for username which is usually by default - "ubuntu" if not set anything else.
Next use the following command to switch to the root user:
sudo su
Clone your Node.js application from GitHub or any other repository:
git clone <your-repo-url> cd <your-repo-directory>
Switch to your prodution branch, pull the latest code and install node_modules.
Once done return back to the main directory using cd..
PM2 is a popular process manager for Node.js that keeps your application running in the background and helps with load balancing and monitoring.
Create ecosystem.config.js file in your project root:
touch ecosystem.config.js
Open the file in a text editor and add your configuration:
nano ecosystem.config.js
Add the configuration and save the file:
module.exports = {
apps: [{
name: "project_name",
script: "npm start",
cwd: "/home/ubuntu/repo",
env: {
"MONGO_URL": "mongodb+srv://<credentials>",
"PORT": 3000,
"NODE_ENV": "prod",
}
}]
};
Save and exit the editor (for nano, press Ctrl + X, then Y to confirm saving, and Enter to exit).
The ecosystem.config.js file is a configuration file for PM2, a process manager for Node.js applications. It defines how the application should be managed, including its environment variables, working directory, and startup script.
module.exports: Exports the configuration object so that PM2 can use it to manage the application.
apps: An array of application configurations. This allows PM2 to manage multiple applications using a single configuration file.
Let's move next to starting our server:
Start the Application Using PM2:
pm2 start ecosystem.config.js
You can check the logs using:
pm2 logs
Ensure your security group allows inbound traffic on port 3000 (or any port your server is running on). Access your server using:
http://<your-ec2-public-ip>:3000
HTTP is not secure for transmitting sensitive data. HTTPS, on the other hand, ensures that all data transmitted between the server and client is encrypted. Therefore, it's essential to secure your Node.js server with HTTPS, especially for production environments.
To set up HTTPS, you need:
Install Certbot on EC2:
sudo apt install certbot python3-certbot-nginx -y
Run Certbot to Obtain SSL Certificate:
sudo certbot --nginx -d YOUR_DOMAIN
Follow the prompts to complete the certificate installation. Certbot will automatically update your Nginx configuration to redirect HTTP traffic to HTTPS.
You can check your updated nginx config. Go to this directory:
cd /etc/nginx/sites-available/
Open the default file using nano, and it should look something like this:
server {
listen 80;
server_name YOUR_DOMAIN;
# Redirect HTTP to HTTPS
location / {
return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
}
}
server {
listen 443 ssl;
server_name YOUR_DOMAIN;
ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/YOUR_DOMAIN/fullchain.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/YOUR_DOMAIN/privkey.pem;
ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
location / {
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:3000;
proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
proxy_set_header Connection 'upgrade';
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade;
}
}
After SSL setup it should reload Nginx server automatically but you can manually reload using:
nginx -s reload
Ensure that your domain/subdomain is correctly mapped to your EC2 instance's public IP using A records in your domain DNS settings.
Visit https://YOUR_DOMAIN in your browser to verify the HTTPS setup. Your Node.js server should now be accessible securely via HTTPS.
위 내용은 EC2에 노드 서버를 배포하는 방법의 상세 내용입니다. 자세한 내용은 PHP 중국어 웹사이트의 기타 관련 기사를 참조하세요!
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