Optional Macros with C++ Preprocessor
In C++, optional macro parameters can enhance code flexibility. A method for implementing this is through overloading-style macros. Let's explore how this technique works.
One approach utilizes the list of macro arguments twice. Firstly, it constructs the name of a helper macro. Secondly, it passes the arguments to the appropriate helper macro. A standard trick is employed to determine the number of macro arguments.
Consider the following code:
enum { plain = 0, bold = 1, italic = 2 }; void PrintString(const char* message, int size, int style) { } #define PRINT_STRING_1_ARGS(message) PrintString(message, 0, 0) #define PRINT_STRING_2_ARGS(message, size) PrintString(message, size, 0) #define PRINT_STRING_3_ARGS(message, size, style) PrintString(message, size, style) #define GET_4TH_ARG(arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, ...) arg4 #define PRINT_STRING_MACRO_CHOOSER(...) \ GET_4TH_ARG(__VA_ARGS__, PRINT_STRING_3_ARGS, \ PRINT_STRING_2_ARGS, PRINT_STRING_1_ARGS, ) #define PRINT_STRING(...) PRINT_STRING_MACRO_CHOOSER(__VA_ARGS__)(__VA_ARGS__) int main(int argc, char * const argv[]) { PRINT_STRING("Hello, World!"); PRINT_STRING("Hello, World!", 18); PRINT_STRING("Hello, World!", 18, bold); return 0; }
This approach simplifies macro invocation for the caller while potentially introducing complexity for the macro writer.
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