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PHP unset()函数是用来销毁变量的,但很多时候,这个函数只把变量给销毁了,内存中存放的该变量的值仍然没有销毁,也就是没能达到我们想要的释放内存的效果。这里我建议大家用 $变量=null 的方法来释放其内存。原因看了下面的就知道了。
以下是关于PHP unset()函数的几点要点:(以下均在windows环境下测试,php 2.5.9)
1. 该函数只有在变量值所占空间超过256字节长的时候才会释放内存
2. 只有当指向该值的所有变量(比如有引用变量指向该值)都被销毁后,地址才会被释放(也要执行1的判断)
下面给出例子代码论证:
<ol class="dp-xml"> <li class="alt"><span><span class="tag"><span> ?php </span></span></span></li> <li> <span>$</span><span class="attribute">test</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">str_repeat</span><span>("1",256); </span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span>$</span><span class="attribute">s</span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value">memory_get_usage</span><span>(); </span> </li> <li><span>//改函数用来查看当前所用内存 </span></li> <li class="alt"><span>unset($test); </span></li> <li> <span>$</span><span class="attribute">e</span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value">memory_get_usage</span><span>(); </span> </li> <li class="alt"><span>echo ' 释放内存: '.($s-$e); </span></li> <li> <span>//输出为272,但如果上面test变量改为<br>$</span><span class="attribute">test</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">str_repeat</span><span>("1",255),输出则为0 </span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span class="tag">?></span><span> </span> </li> </ol>
至于为什么是272而不是256,就不是很清楚了,不知道内部是怎么处理的。
<ol class="dp-xml"> <li class="alt"><span><span class="tag"><span> ?php </span></span></span></li> <li> <span>$</span><span class="attribute">test</span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value">str_repeat</span><span>("1",256); </span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span>$</span><span class="attribute">p</span><span> = &$test; </span> </li> <li><span>unset($test); </span></li> <li class="alt"><span>echo $p; </span></li> <li><span>//输出为256个1。如果上面改为unset($p)<br>,更不行了,echo $test 直接显示为256个1 </span></li> <li class="alt"> <span class="tag">?></span><span> </span> </li> </ol>
也就是说内存中赋给$a的值仍然存在。可见unset()并没达到释放内存的效果。
但如果在上述代码中加入$test=null,或者再加一个unset($p),就能达到释放内存效果了,PHP unset()函数测试代码如下:
变量赋值为null方法:
<ol class="dp-xml"> <li class="alt"><span><span class="tag"><span> ?php </span></span></span></li> <li> <span>$</span><span class="attribute">test</span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value">str_repeat</span><span>("1",256); </span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span>$</span><span class="attribute">p</span><span> = &$test; </span> </li> <li> <span>$</span><span class="attribute">s</span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value">memory_get_usage</span><span>(); </span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span>$</span><span class="attribute">test</span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value">null</span><span>; </span> </li> <li><span>unset($test); </span></li> <li class="alt"> <span>$</span><span class="attribute">e</span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value">memory_get_usage</span><span>(); </span> </li> <li><span>echo ' 释放内存: '.($s-$e); </span></li> <li><span>//输出为272 </span></li> <li class="alt"><span>var_dump($p); //输出为NULL </span></li> <li> <span class="tag">?></span><span> </span> </li> </ol>
将指向该地址中值的变量全部销毁的方法:
<ol class="dp-xml"> <li class="alt"><span><span class="tag"><span> ?php </span></span></span></li> <li> <span>$</span><span class="attribute">test</span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value">str_repeat</span><span>("1",256); </span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span>$</span><span class="attribute">p</span><span> = &$test; </span> </li> <li> <span>$</span><span class="attribute">s</span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value">memory_get_usage</span><span>(); </span> </li> <li class="alt"><span>//注意,以下2个unset()顺序对调没<br>有关系,不影响结果 </span></li> <li><span>unset($p); </span></li> <li class="alt"><span>unset($test); </span></li> <li> <span>$</span><span class="attribute">e</span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value">memory_get_usage</span><span>(); </span> </li> <li class="alt"><span>echo ' 释放内存: '.($s-$e); //输出为272 </span></li> <li> <span class="tag">?></span><span> </span> </li> </ol>
到此PHP unset()函数论证完毕。