위챗 공유 기능 개발
위챗을 친구에게 보내고 모멘트에 공유하는 기능을 개발하는데 하루가 걸렸습니다. 우회를 피하기 위해 여기서 공유하고 싶습니다.
1. 서버측 프로그램
package com.wiimedia.controller;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.wiimedia.model.Ticket;
import com.wiimedia.service.ArticleSolrService;
import com.wiimedia.service.TicketRepository;
import com.wiimedia.service.TicketRepositorySolr;
import com.wiimedia.utils.GetRandomStr;
import com.wiimedia.utils.SignatureBean;
import com.wiimedia.utils.weixin.WeixinUtil;
/**
*
*
*<p>Project:mryl_phone_v2</p>
*
*<p>Package:com.wiimedia.controller</p>
*
*<p>Description:微信分享Controller</p>
*
*<p>Company:Wiimedia</p>
*
*@Athor:SongJia
*
*@Date:2016-7-15 上午09:34:10
*
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/WeixinshareController/Api/Inteface")
public class WeixinshareController {
@Autowired
private TicketRepositorySolr ticketRepositorySolr;
@RequestMapping("/getSignature")
public String getSignature( HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException, ParseException{
//获取签名页面链接
String url = request.getParameter("url");
SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
//从数据库中获取标签，并检查标签是否过期
Ticket oldticket = ticketRepositorySolr.getTicketById("20160114wiimediamrylsong1152");
if(oldticket==null){//第一次访问，标签不存在。
executeTicket(response,"1",url,format);
return null;
}else{//标签存在，判断标签是否超时
String oldAcquiretime = oldticket.getAcquiretime();
long difference=format.parse(format.format(new Date())).getTime()-format.parse(oldAcquiretime).getTime();
if(difference>7100000){//标签超时,重新到微信服务器请求标签超时时间为7200秒（7200000毫秒）
executeTicket(response,"2",url,format);
return null;
}else{//标签未超时
/**
* 注意事项
* 1.签名用的noncestr和timestamp必须与wx.config中的nonceStr和timestamp相同。
* 2.签名用的url必须是调用JS接口页面的完整URL。
* 3.出于安全考虑，开发者必须在服务器端实现签名的逻辑。
*
****根据第1点要求 signature 配置的时候很容易出错，需要把生成 Ticket的 noncestr和 timestamp传给客户端***
*/
String signature = signature(oldticket.getTicket(),oldticket.getTimestamp(),oldticket.getNoncestr(),url);
SignatureBean signatureBean = new SignatureBean();
signatureBean.setNoncestr(oldticket.getNoncestr());
signatureBean.setSignature(signature);
signatureBean.setTimestamp(oldticket.getTimestamp());
signatureBean.setUrl(url);
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
response.getWriter().print(new Gson().toJson(signatureBean));
return null;
}
}
}
/**
*
*<p>Project:mryl_phone_v2</p>
*
*<p>:mryl_phone_v2</p>
*
*<p>Description:更新和获取ticket的方法，因为用的solr所以更新和新增是一样的ID无则添加，有责更新</p>
*
*<p>Company:Wiimedia</p>
*
*@Athor:SongJia
*
*@Date:2016-7-15 上午09:45:00
*
*/
public void executeTicket(HttpServletResponse response,String flag,String url,SimpleDateFormat format) throws IOException{
//获取签名随即字符串
GetRandomStr randomStr = new GetRandomStr();
String noncestr = randomStr.getRandomString(15);
//获取签名时间戳
String timestamp = Long.toString(System.currentTimeMillis());
//请求accessToken
String accessTokenUrl ="https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=您的APPID&secret=您的密匙";
String tokenJson = WeixinUtil.httpRequest(accessTokenUrl, "GET", null);
Gson gson = new Gson();
ShareAccess_Token token = gson.fromJson(tokenJson, ShareAccess_Token.class);
String to= token.getAccess_token();
//获取标签
String urlTicket ="https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/ticket/getticket?access_token="+to+"&type=jsapi";
String ticketJson = WeixinUtil.httpRequest(urlTicket, "GET", null);
Ticket ticket = gson.fromJson(ticketJson, Ticket.class);
String t = ticket.getTicket();
//String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString().trim().replaceAll("-", "");
//我的Ticket ID是写死的
String acquiretime = format.format(new Date());
ticket.setTid("20160114wiimediamrylsong1152");
ticket.setAcquiretime(acquiretime);
ticket.setTimestamp(timestamp);
ticket.setNoncestr(noncestr);
//因为用的SOLR所以更新和添加的方法是一样的，可以根据自己具体需求进行修改，本文不再贴出代码.
if(flag.equals("2")){
ticketRepositorySolr.addTicketToSolr(ticket);
}else{
ticketRepositorySolr.addTicketToSolr(ticket);
}
/**
* 注意事项
* 1.签名用的noncestr和timestamp必须与wx.config中的nonceStr和timestamp相同。
* 2.签名用的url必须是调用JS接口页面的完整URL。
* 3.出于安全考虑，开发者必须在服务器端实现签名的逻辑。
*
*根据第1点要求 signature 配置的时候很容易出错，需要把生成 Ticket的 noncestr和 timestamp传给客户端*
*/
String signature = signature(t,timestamp,noncestr,url);
SignatureBean signatureBean = new SignatureBean();
signatureBean.setNoncestr(noncestr);
signatureBean.setSignature(signature);
signatureBean.setTimestamp(timestamp);
signatureBean.setUrl(url);
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
response.getWriter().print(new Gson().toJson(signatureBean));
}
/**
*
*<p>Project:mryl_phone_v2</p>
*
*<p>:mryl_phone_v2</p>
*
*<p>Description:根据标签,时间戳,密匙,URL进行签名</p>
*
*<p>Company:Wiimedia</p>
*
*@Athor:SongJia
*
*@Date:2016-7-15 上午09:37:13
*
*/
private String signature(String jsapi_ticket, String timestamp, String noncestr, String url) {
jsapi_ticket = "jsapi_ticket=" + jsapi_ticket;
timestamp = "timestamp=" + timestamp;
noncestr = "noncestr=" + noncestr;
url = "url=" + url;
String[] arr = new String[] { jsapi_ticket, timestamp, noncestr, url };
// 将token、timestamp、nonce,url参数进行字典序排序
Arrays.sort(arr);
StringBuilder content = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
content.append(arr[i]);
if (i != arr.length - 1) {
content.append("&");
}
}
MessageDigest md = null;
String tmpStr = null;
try {
md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-1");
// 将三个参数字符串拼接成一个字符串进行sha1加密
byte[] digest = md.digest(content.toString().getBytes());
tmpStr = byteToStr(digest);
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
content = null;
return tmpStr;
}
/**
* 将字节转换为十六进制字符串
*
* @param mByte
* @return
*/
private static String byteToHexStr(byte mByte) {
char[] Digit = { '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F' };
char[] tempArr = new char[2];
tempArr[0] = Digit[(mByte >>> 4) & 0X0F];
tempArr[1] = Digit[mByte & 0X0F];
String s = new String(tempArr);
return s;
}
/**
* 将字节数组转换为十六进制字符串
*
* @param byteArray
* @return
*/
private static String byteToStr(byte[] byteArray) {
String strDigest = "";
for (int i = 0; i < byteArray.length; i++) {
strDigest += byteToHexStr(byteArray[i]);
}
return strDigest;
}
class ShareAccess_Token{
private String access_token;
private String expires_in;
public String getAccess_token() {
return access_token;
}
public void setAccess_token(String accessToken) {
access_token = accessToken;
}
public String getExpires_in() {
return expires_in;
}
public void setExpires_in(String expiresIn) {
expires_in = expiresIn;
}
}
}2. 클라이언트 코드
<script type="text/javascript">
var url = window.location.href;
var articleId = "";
var shareTitle="明日医疗资讯";
var shareImgUrl="";
var userinfo = localStorage.getItem("_userinfo");
var timestamp;
var noncestr;
var signature;
//获取签名
$.ajax({
type: "GET",
url: "WeixinshareController/Api/Inteface/getSignature",
//data:{timestamp:timestamp,noncestr:noncestr,url:url},
data:{url:url},
success: function(data){
var objData=JSON.parse(data);
timestamp=objData.timestamp;
noncestr=objData.noncestr;
signature=objData.signature;
console.log(objData);
wxShare();
}
});
function wxShare(){
wx.config({
debug: false, // 开启调试模式,调用的所有api的返回值会在客户端alert出来，若要查看传入的参数，可以在pc端打开，参数信息会通过log打出，仅在pc端时才会打印。
appId: '您的appid', // 和获取Ticke的必须一样------必填，公众号的唯一标识
timestamp:timestamp, // 必填，生成签名的时间戳
nonceStr: noncestr, // 必填，生成签名的随机串
signature: signature,// 必填，签名，见附录1
jsApiList: [
'onMenuShareAppMessage'
] // 必填，需要使用的JS接口列表，所有JS接口列表见附录2
});
}
wx.ready(function(){
//config信息验证后会执行ready方法，所有接口调用都必须在config接口获得结果之后，
//config是一个客户端的异步操作，所以如果需要在页面加载时就调用相关接口，则须把相关
//接口放在ready函数中调用来确保正确执行。对于用户触发时才调用的接口，则可以直接调用，不需要放在ready函数中。
//----------“分享给朋友”
wx.onMenuShareAppMessage({
title: "明日医疗资讯", // 分享标题
desc: shareTitle, // 分享描述
link: url, // 分享链接
imgUrl: shareImgUrl, // 分享图标
type: '', // 分享类型,music、video或link，不填默认为link
dataUrl: '', // 如果type是music或video，则要提供数据链接，默认为空
success: function () {
// 用户确认分享后执行的回调函数、
},
cancel: function () {
// 用户取消分享后执行的回调函数
}
});
//------------"分享到朋友圈"
wx.onMenuShareTimeline({
title: '明日医疗资讯', // 分享标题
link: '', // 分享链接
imgUrl: shareImgUrl, // 分享图标
success: function () {
// 用户确认分享后执行的回调函数
},
cancel: function () {
// 用户取消分享后执行的回调函数
}
});
//-------------分享到QQ
wx.onMenuShareQQ({
title: '明日医疗资讯', // 分享标题
desc: shareTitle, // 分享描述
link: '', // 分享链接
imgUrl: shareImgUrl, // 分享图标
success: function () {
// 用户确认分享后执行的回调函数
},
cancel: function () {
// 用户取消分享后执行的回调函数
}
});
//-------------分享到QQ空间
wx.onMenuShareQZone({
title: '明日医疗资讯', // 分享标题
desc: shareTitle, // 分享描述
link: '', // 分享链接
imgUrl: shareImgUrl, // 分享图标
success: function () {
// 用户确认分享后执行的回调函数
},
cancel: function () {
// 用户取消分享后执行的回调函数
}
});
});3. 서버에 필요한 도구 및 모델
① 티켓
package com.wiimedia.model;
public class Ticket{
private String tid;
private String ticket;
private String errcode;
private String errmsg;
private String expires_in;
private String acquiretime;
private String noncestr;
private String timestamp;
public Ticket(String tid, String ticket, String errcode, String errmsg,
String expiresIn, String acquiretime, String noncestr,
String timestamp) {
super();
this.tid = tid;
this.ticket = ticket;
this.errcode = errcode;
this.errmsg = errmsg;
expires_in = expiresIn;
this.acquiretime = acquiretime;
this.noncestr = noncestr;
this.timestamp = timestamp;
}
public String getTid() {
return tid;
}
public void setTid(String tid) {
this.tid = tid;
}
public String getTicket() {
return ticket;
}
public void setTicket(String ticket) {
this.ticket = ticket;
}
public String getErrcode() {
return errcode;
}
public void setErrcode(String errcode) {
this.errcode = errcode;
}
public String getErrmsg() {
return errmsg;
}
public void setErrmsg(String errmsg) {
this.errmsg = errmsg;
}
public String getExpires_in() {
return expires_in;
}
public void setExpires_in(String expiresIn) {
expires_in = expiresIn;
}
public String getAcquiretime() {
return acquiretime;
}
public void setAcquiretime(String acquiretime) {
this.acquiretime = acquiretime;
}
public String getNoncestr() {
return noncestr;
}
public void setNoncestr(String noncestr) {
this.noncestr = noncestr;
}
public String getTimestamp() {
return timestamp;
}
public void setTimestamp(String timestamp) {
this.timestamp = timestamp;
}
} ② 데이터베이스에 추가된 비즈니스는 자신의 필요에 따라 구현할 수 있습니다.
③ GetRandomStr
package com.wiimedia.utils;
import java.util.Random;
public class GetRandomStr {
/**
*
*<p>Project:mryl_phone_v2</p>
*
*<p>:mryl_phone_v2</p>
*
*<p>Description:生成随即字符串 </p>
*
*<p>Company:Wiimedia</p>
*
*@Athor:SongJia
*
*@Date:2016-7-14 上午11:14:46
*
*/
public String getRandomString(int length) {
String base = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789";
Random random = new Random();
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
int number = random.nextInt(base.length());
sb.append(base.charAt(number));
}
return sb.toString();
}
}④ SignatureBean
package com.wiimedia.utils;
public class SignatureBean {
private String noncestr;
private String url;
private String timestamp;
private String signature;
public String getNoncestr() {
return noncestr;
}
public void setNoncestr(String noncestr) {
this.noncestr = noncestr;
}
public String getUrl() {
return url;
}
public void setUrl(String url) {
this.url = url;
}
public String getTimestamp() {
return timestamp;
}
public void setTimestamp(String timestamp) {
this.timestamp = timestamp;
}
public String getSignature() {
return signature;
}
public void setSignature(String signature) {
this.signature = signature;
}
}⑤ WeixinUtil
package com.wiimedia.utils.weixin;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.ConnectException;
import java.net.URL;
import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
/**
*
*<p>Project:mryl_phone_v2</p>
*
*<p>:mryl_phone_v2</p>
*
*<p>Description:公众平台接口工具类</p>
*
*<p>Company:Wiimedia</p>
*
*@Athor:SongJia
*
*@Date:2016-7-15 上午09:37:13
*
*/
public class WeixinUtil {
/**
* 发起https请求并获取结果
*
* @param requestUrl 请求地址
* @param requestMethod 请求方式（GET、POST）
* @param outputStr 提交的数据
* @return JSONObject(通过JSONObject.get(key)的方式获取json对象的属性值)
*/
public static String httpRequest(String requestUrl, String requestMethod, String outputStr) {
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
try {
// 创建SSLContext对象，并使用我们指定的信任管理器初始化
TrustManager[] tm = { new MyX509TrustManager() };
SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL", "SunJSSE");
sslContext.init(null, tm, new java.security.SecureRandom());
// 从上述SSLContext对象中得到SSLSocketFactory对象
SSLSocketFactory ssf = sslContext.getSocketFactory();
URL url = new URL(requestUrl);
HttpsURLConnection httpUrlConn = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();
httpUrlConn.setSSLSocketFactory(ssf);
httpUrlConn.setDoOutput(true);
httpUrlConn.setDoInput(true);
httpUrlConn.setUseCaches(false);
// 设置请求方式（GET/POST）
httpUrlConn.setRequestMethod(requestMethod);
if ("GET".equalsIgnoreCase(requestMethod))
httpUrlConn.connect();
// 当有数据需要提交时
if (null != outputStr) {
OutputStream outputStream = httpUrlConn.getOutputStream();
// 注意编码格式，防止中文乱码
outputStream.write(outputStr.getBytes("UTF-8"));
outputStream.close();
}
// 将返回的输入流转换成字符串
InputStream inputStream = httpUrlConn.getInputStream();
InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "utf-8");
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);
String str = null;
while ((str = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
buffer.append(str);
}
bufferedReader.close();
inputStreamReader.close();
// 释放资源
inputStream.close();
inputStream = null;
httpUrlConn.disconnect();
return buffer.toString();
} catch (ConnectException ce) {
ce.printStackTrace();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "";
}
}4. 지금까지 공유 기능이 개발되었지만 서명을 생성할 때 많은 문제가 발생합니다. 다음은 wx.config 실패에 대한 몇 가지 문제 해결 방법입니다.
① 생성된 서명이 맞는지 확인
위챗에서 제공하는 http://mp.weixin.qq.com/debug/cgi-bin/sandbox?t=jsapisign에서 확인하세요
② wx.config에 사용된 noncestr 및 timestamp가 서명에 사용된 해당 noncestr 및 timestamp와 일치합니까... 위에 표시된 대로 (1. 서버 코드)
(JS 페이지 로딩 순서 때문일 수 있음) 문제는 서버에서 생성된 서명, noncestr 및 타임스탬프를 wx.config에서 가져오지 못함을 의미합니다.
3 URL이 GET 매개변수 부분을 포함하여 페이지의 전체 URL인지 확인하세요.
#
다음 부분을 제거해야 합니다. ④ config의 appid가 appid와 일치합니까? jsapi_ticket을 얻는 데 사용됨
⑤ {errmsg: config:ok} 오류는 디버그의 일반적인 반환입니다. 디버그 모드를 끄면 괜찮습니다.
wx.config debug: false,
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