现在很多文件上传类型都是multipart/form-data类型的,HTTP请求如下所示:
可是问题就在于如果用传统的Struts2或者servlet等都可以很容易的实现文件接收的功能,例如下面的代码就可以实现:
boolean isMultipart = ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(request);//判断是否是表单文件类型 DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory(); ServletFileUpload sfu = new ServletFileUpload(factory); List items = sfu.parseRequest(request);//从request得到所有上传域的列表 for(Iterator iter = items.iterator();iter.hasNext();){ FileItem fileitem =(FileItem) iter.next(); if(!fileitem.isFormField()&&fileitem!=null){//判读不是普通表单域即是file System.out.println("name:"+fileitem.getName()); } }
可是今天我把这一段代码放在SpringBoot上面的时候就怎么也接收不到文件信息了,一直以为是前端什么数据传输错了。后来才知道原来SpringBoot有它自己的接收请求的代码。下面就给大家详细介绍一下它是如何实现这个功能的。
首选做一个简单的案例,也就是单个文件上传的案例。为了进行这个案例,首先需要建立一个SpringBoot框架
前台HTML代码:
<html> <body> <form action="/upload" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data"> <input type="file" name="file"/> <input type="submit" value="Upload"/> </form> </body> </html>
后台接收代码:
/** * 文件上传具体实现方法; * * @param file * @return */ @RequestMapping("/upload") @ResponseBody public String handleFileUpload(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) { if (!file.isEmpty()) { try { /* * 这段代码执行完毕之后,图片上传到了工程的跟路径; 大家自己扩散下思维,如果我们想把图片上传到 * d:/files大家是否能实现呢? 等等; * 这里只是简单一个例子,请自行参考,融入到实际中可能需要大家自己做一些思考,比如: 1、文件路径; 2、文件名; * 3、文件格式; 4、文件大小的限制; */ BufferedOutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream( new FileOutputStream(new File( file.getOriginalFilename()))); System.out.println(file.getName()); out.write(file.getBytes()); out.flush(); out.close(); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); return "上传失败," + e.getMessage(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); return "上传失败," + e.getMessage(); } return "上传成功"; } else { return "上传失败,因为文件是空的."; } }
这样便可以接收multipart/form-data类型的文件。接下来,我们来看一个上传多个文件并且每个文件都有多个字段的案例。
前台HTML界面:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org" xmlns:sec="http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity3"> <head> <title>Hello World!</title> </head> <body> <form method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data" action="/batch/upload"> <p>文件1:<input type="text" name="id" /></p> <p>文件2:<input type="text" name="name" /></p> <p>文件3:<input type="file" name="file" /></p> <p><input type="submit" value="上传" /></p> </form> </body> </html>
后台接收代码:
@RequestMapping(value = "/batch/upload", method = RequestMethod.POST) @ResponseBody public String handleFileUpload(HttpServletRequest request) { MultipartHttpServletRequest params=((MultipartHttpServletRequest) request); List<MultipartFile> files = ((MultipartHttpServletRequest) request) .getFiles("file"); String name=params.getParameter("name"); System.out.println("name:"+name); String id=params.getParameter("id"); System.out.println("id:"+id); MultipartFile file = null; BufferedOutputStream stream = null; for (int i = 0; i < files.size(); ++i) { file = files.get(i); if (!file.isEmpty()) { try { byte[] bytes = file.getBytes(); stream = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream( new File(file.getOriginalFilename()))); stream.write(bytes); stream.close(); } catch (Exception e) { stream = null; return "You failed to upload " + i + " => " + e.getMessage(); } } else { return "You failed to upload " + i + " because the file was empty."; } } return "upload successful"; }
这样就可以实现对多个文件的接收了功能了。
SpringBoot还可以对接收文件的格式还有个数等等进行限制,我这里就不多说了,大家有兴趣的可以自己去了解了解。
千万要记住SpringBoot对multipart/form-data类型的文件接收和其它是不一样的,大家以后遇到的时候要千万小心,不要像我一样一往无前的踩进去还傻傻的以为是前端的错误。
package cn.juhe.controller; import net.sf.json.JSONObject; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile; import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartHttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import java.io.BufferedOutputStream; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Date; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.List; import java.util.Random; @RestController public class UploadTest { /** * 接受未知参数名的多个文件或者一个文件 * * @param request 请求 * @return 返回 */ @PostMapping("/upload") public JSONObject handleFileUpload(HttpServletRequest request) { Iterator<String> fileNames = ((MultipartHttpServletRequest) request).getFileNames(); JSONObject result = null; while (fileNames.hasNext()) { String next = fileNames.next(); MultipartFile file = ((MultipartHttpServletRequest) request).getFile(next); System.out.println("file.getName():" + file.getName()); System.out.println("file.getOriginalFilename():" + file.getOriginalFilename()); String folder = "E:\\upload\\received\\"; String picName = new Date().getTime() + ".jpg"; File filelocal = new File(folder, picName); result = new JSONObject(); result.put(picName, folder + picName); try { file.transferTo(filelocal); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(); jsonObject.put("error_code", 223805); jsonObject.put("reason", "文件过大或上传发生错误"); Random random = new Random(); if (random.nextInt(10) > 3) { jsonObject.put("error_code", 0); jsonObject.put("reason", "success"); jsonObject.put("result", result); } return jsonObject; } /** * 知道参数名的文件上传 * * @param multipartFile 文件 * @return 返回 * @throws IOException */ @PostMapping("/uploadCommon") //public JSONObject upload(MultipartFile multipartFile) throws IOException { public JSONObject upload(@RequestParam("A") MultipartFile multipartFile) throws IOException { String name = multipartFile.getName();//上传文件的参数名 String originalFilename = multipartFile.getOriginalFilename();//上传文件的文件路径名 long size = multipartFile.getSize();//文件大小 String folder = "E:\\upload\\received\\"; String picName = new Date().getTime() + ".jpg"; File filelocal = new File(folder, picName); multipartFile.transferTo(filelocal); /* { "reason": "success", "result": { "D": "/upload/order/files/2016/a72750ad-8950-4949-b04a-37e69aff0d23.jpg", "A": "/upload/order/files/2016/6842811a-eb76-453b-a2f3-488e2bb4500e.jpg", "B": "/upload/order/files/2016/ccc96347-3cb8-4e2e-99a3-0c697b57eb88.jpg", "C": "/upload/order/files/2016/d470d533-a54b-406a-a0f9-bbf82c314755.jpg" }, "error_code": 0 }*/ JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(); jsonObject.put("error_code", 223805); jsonObject.put("reason", "文件过大或上传发生错误"); Random random = new Random(); if (random.nextInt(10) > 3) { jsonObject.put("error_code", 0); jsonObject.put("reason", "success"); JSONObject result = new JSONObject(); result.put(name, folder + picName); jsonObject.put("result", result); } return jsonObject; } }
위 내용은 SpringBoot 프레임워크를 사용하여 multipart/form-data 파일을 수신하는 방법의 상세 내용입니다. 자세한 내용은 PHP 중국어 웹사이트의 기타 관련 기사를 참조하세요!