이 튜토리얼에서는 웹페이지에서
시작하기 전에
HTML과 JavaScript에 대한 기본 지식이 있다면
위에서 언급했듯이 모든 최신 브라우저가
<캔버스> 요소
<canvas id="tutorial" width="150" height="150"></canvas>
요소와 매우 비슷해 보이지만 유일한 차이점은 src 및 alt 속성이 없다는 점입니다. ;canvas>는 와 매우 유사해 보이지만 유일한 차이점은 src 및 alt 속성이 포함되어 있지 않다는 것입니다.
id 속성은
id 속성은 < canvas> ; 표준 HTML 태그와 마찬가지로 모든 HTML 요소는 id 값을 지정할 수 있습니다. 일반적으로 요소에 id를 할당하는 것이 좋습니다. 이렇게 하면 스크립트에서 해당 요소를 더 쉽게 사용할 수 있습니다.
因为
Luckily this is very straightforward: we just provide alternative content inside the canvas element. Browsers who don't support it will ignore the element completely and render the fallback content, others will just render the canvas normally.
For instance we could provide a text description of the canvas content or provide a static image of the dynamically rendered content. This can look something like this:
我们只需要直接在canvas元素内插入替用内容即可。不支持canvas的浏览器会忽略canvas元素而直接渲染替用内容,而支持的浏览器则会正常地渲染canvas。例如,我们可以把一些文字或图片填入canvas内,作为替用内容:
<canvas id="stockGraph" width="150" height="150"> current stock price: $3.15 +0.15 </canvas> <canvas id="clock" width="150" height="150"> <img src="images/clock.png" width="150" height="150"/> </canvas>
In the Apple Safari implementation,
在Apple Safari里,
If fallback content is not needed, a simple
如果没有替用内容,
If fallback content is desired, some CSS tricks must be employed to mask the fallback content from Safari (which should render just the canvas), and also to mask the CSS tricks themselves from IE (which should render the fallback content).
如果有替用内容,那么可以用一些 CSS 技巧来为并且仅为 Safari 隐藏替用内容,因为那些替用内容是需要在 IE 里显示但不需要在 Safari 里显示。
The
var canvas = document.getElementById('tutorial'); var ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
In the first line we retrieve the canvas DOM node using the getElementById method. We can then access the drawing context using the getContext method.
上面第一行通过 getElementById 方法取得 canvas 对象的 DOM 节点。然后通过其 getContext 方法取得其画图操作上下文。
The fallback content is displayed in browsers which do not support
除了在那些不支持 的浏览器上显示替用内容,还可以通过脚本的方式来检查浏览器是否支持 canvas 。方法很简单,判断 getContext 是否存在即可。
var canvas = document.getElementById('tutorial'); if (canvas.getContext){ var ctx = canvas.getContext('2d'); // drawing code here } else { // canvas-unsupported code here }
Here is a minimalistic template, which we'll be using as a starting point for later examples. You can download this file to work with on your system.
我们会用下面这个最简化的代码模板来(后续的示例需要用到)作为开始,你可以 下载文件 到本地备用。
Canvas tutorial <canvas id="tutorial" width="150" height="150"></canvas>
If you look at the script you'll see I've made a function called draw, which will get executed once the page finishes loading (via the onload attribute on the body tag). This function could also have been called from a setTimeout, setInterval, or any other event handler function just as long the page has been loaded first.
细心的你会发现我准备了一个名为 draw 的函数,它会在页面装载完毕之后执行一次(通过设置 body 标签的 onload 属性),它当然也可以在 setTimeout,setInterval,或者其他事件处理函数中被调用。
To start off, here's a simple example that draws two intersecting rectangles, one of which has alpha transparency. We'll explore how this works in more detail in later examples.
作为开始,来一个简单的吧——绘制两个交错的矩形,其中一个是有alpha透明效果。我们会在后面的示例中详细的让你了解它是如何运作的。
<html> <head> <script type="application/x-javascript"> function draw() { var canvas = document.getElementById("canvas"); if (canvas.getContext) { var ctx = canvas.getContext("2d"); ctx.fillStyle = "rgb(200,0,0)"; ctx.fillRect (10, 10, 55, 50); ctx.fillStyle = "rgba(0, 0, 200, 0.5)"; ctx.fillRect (30, 30, 55, 50); } } </script> </head> <body onload="draw();"> <canvas id="canvas" width="150" height="150"></canvas> </body> </html>