javascript - 百度统计原理分析,Js相关问题
怪我咯
怪我咯 2017-04-10 15:00:45
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这段代码是来自sf的百度统计,图片来自百度统计的后台。

从图片所知,百度可以获取到基本的设备信息、访客类型、访问频次、访问来源、上次访问时间、入口页面、最后停留页面、每次打开页面的时间、停留时长、页面地址。

从代码得知,记录了设备信息、设置了访客标识码的cookies,读取了浏览器标识等。运用了localStorage、sessionStorage。

猜测的原理:通过cookies设置的访客标识码判断访客类型(新老访客),访问频次也好理解(通过多条记录读取某时间段有多少条记录),访问来源(从搜索引擎跳转过来的还是直接输入网址),上次访问时间(读取最近的一条记录的时间),入口页面(第一条记录的url),最后停留页面(最后一条记录的url),每次页面停留时长(不会是两条记录的时间差吧),

那么问题来了:

  1. 上述的猜测原理对不对,不对的请说明、解释一下。
  2. 百度也有记录地域和IP地址,但是在js里面貌似没有记录
  3. 这个js大部分没看懂,它是怎么把数据提交上去的?
  4. 提交数据,安全怎么防,怎么防止别人随意提交?
  5. 另外百度有提交一张1x1像素的图片,不知道干嘛用的。

大家回答的能具体点就具体点吧,谢谢各位了。

http://hm.baidu.com/hm.gif?cc=1&ck=1&cl=24-bit&ds=1280x800&ep=6648%2C3211&et=3&fl=17.0&ja=1&ln=zh-CN&lo=0&lt=1426499689&nv=0&rnd=798622641&si=e23800c454aa573c0ccb16b52665ac26&st=4&su=http%3A%2F%2Fsegmentfault.com%2Fask&v=1.0.75&lv=3&u=http%3A%2F%2Fsegmentfault.com%2F

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        etrk: [{id: "sfLogin", eventType: "onclick"}],
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        vdur: 1800000,
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    mt.sessionStorage.get = function (a) {
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        ya: "hmpl",
        wa: "hmkw",
        va: "hmci",
        za: "hmsr",
        p: 0,
        j: Math.round(+new Date / 1E3),
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        Ma: 0,
        fa: 6E5,
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            g.src = a;
            var n = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];
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        var b = mt.lang;
        return h.load = a
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            h.b.a.nv ? (a = encodeURIComponent(document.referrer), window.sessionStorage ? e.set("Hm_from_" + c.id, a) : b.set("Hm_from_" + c.id, a, 864E5)) : a = (window.sessionStorage ? e.get("Hm_from_" + c.id) : b.get("Hm_from_" + c.id)) || "";
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        var b = mt.localStorage, e = mt.sessionStorage;
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            g.c(window, "pageshow", b);
            g.c(window, "pagehide", b);
            "object" == typeof document.onfocusin ? (g.c(document, "focusin", d), g.c(document, "focusout", d)) : (g.c(window, "focus", d),
                g.c(window, "blur", d))
        })();
        h.D = {
            sa: function () {
                return +new Date - v
            }, qa: function () {
                return u ? +new Date - s + t : t
            }
        };
        n.c("pv-b", function () {
            g.c(window, "unload", a())
        });
        return h.D
    })();

    (function () {
        function a(k) {
            for (var b in k)if ({}.hasOwnProperty.call(k, b)) {
                var e = k[b];
                d.e(e, "Object") || d.e(e, "Array") ? a(e) : k[b] = String(e)
            }
        }

        function b(a) {
            return a.replace ? a.replace(/'/g, "'0").replace(/\*/g, "'1").replace(/!/g, "'2") : a
        }

        var e = mt.M, d = mt.lang, g = mt.q, n = h.g, l = h.k, f = {
            S: q, r: [], A: 0, T: r, init: function () {
                f.d = 0;
                f.S = {
                    push: function () {
                        f.J.apply(f, arguments)
                    }
                };
                l.c("pv-b", function () {
                    f.la();
                    f.ma()
                });
                l.c("pv-d", f.na);
                l.c("stag-b", function () {
                    h.b.a.api = f.d || f.A ? f.d + "_" + f.A : ""
                });
                l.c("stag-d", function () {
                    h.b.a.api =
                        0;
                    f.d = 0;
                    f.A = 0
                })
            }, la: function () {
                var a = window._hmt;
                if (a && a.length)for (var b = 0; b < a.length; b++) {
                    var d = a[b];
                    switch (d[0]) {
                        case "_setAccount":
                            1 < d.length && /^[0-9a-z]{32}$/.test(d[1]) && (f.d |= 1, window._bdhm_account = d[1]);
                            break;
                        case "_setAutoPageview":
                            if (1 < d.length && (d = d[1], r === d || p === d))f.d |= 2, window._bdhm_autoPageview = d
                    }
                }
            }, ma: function () {
                if ("undefined" === typeof window._bdhm_account || window._bdhm_account === c.id) {
                    window._bdhm_account = c.id;
                    var a = window._hmt;
                    if (a && a.length)for (var b = 0, e = a.length; b < e; b++)d.e(a[b],
                        "Array") && "_trackEvent" !== a[b][0] && "_trackRTEvent" !== a[b][0] ? f.J(a[b]) : f.r.push(a[b]);
                    window._hmt = f.S
                }
            }, na: function () {
                if (0 < f.r.length)for (var a = 0, b = f.r.length; a < b; a++)f.J(f.r[a]);
                f.r = q
            }, J: function (a) {
                if (d.e(a, "Array")) {
                    var b = a[0];
                    if (f.hasOwnProperty(b) && d.e(f[b], "Function"))f[b](a)
                }
            }, _trackPageview: function (a) {
                if (1 < a.length && a[1].charAt && "/" == a[1].charAt(0)) {
                    f.d |= 4;
                    h.b.a.et = 0;
                    h.b.a.ep = "";
                    h.b.H ? (h.b.a.nv = 0, h.b.a.st = 4) : h.b.H = p;
                    var b = h.b.a.u, d = h.b.a.su;
                    h.b.a.u = n.protocol + "//" + document.location.host +
                    a[1];
                    f.T || (h.b.a.su = document.location.href);
                    h.b.h();
                    h.b.a.u = b;
                    h.b.a.su = d
                }
            }, _trackEvent: function (a) {
                2 < a.length && (f.d |= 8, h.b.a.nv = 0, h.b.a.st = 4, h.b.a.et = 4, h.b.a.ep = b(a[1]) + "*" + b(a[2]) + (a[3] ? "*" + b(a[3]) : "") + (a[4] ? "*" + b(a[4]) : ""), h.b.h())
            }, _setCustomVar: function (a) {
                if (!(4 > a.length)) {
                    var d = a[1], e = a[4] || 3;
                    if (0 < d && 6 > d && 0 < e && 4 > e) {
                        f.A++;
                        for (var s = (h.b.a.cv || "*").split("!"), t = s.length; t < d - 1; t++)s.push("*");
                        s[d - 1] = e + "*" + b(a[2]) + "*" + b(a[3]);
                        h.b.a.cv = s.join("!");
                        a = h.b.a.cv.replace(/[^1](\*[^!]*){2}/g, "*").replace(/((^|!)\*)+$/g,
                            "");
                        "" !== a ? h.b.setData("Hm_cv_" + c.id, encodeURIComponent(a), c.age) : h.b.Da("Hm_cv_" + c.id)
                    }
                }
            }, _setReferrerOverride: function (a) {
                1 < a.length && (h.b.a.su = a[1].charAt && "/" == a[1].charAt(0) ? n.protocol + "//" + window.location.host + a[1] : a[1], f.T = p)
            }, _trackOrder: function (b) {
                b = b[1];
                d.e(b, "Object") && (a(b), f.d |= 16, h.b.a.nv = 0, h.b.a.st = 4, h.b.a.et = 94, h.b.a.ep = g.stringify(b), h.b.h())
            }, _trackMobConv: function (a) {
                if (a = {
                        webim: 1,
                        tel: 2,
                        map: 3,
                        sms: 4,
                        callback: 5,
                        share: 6
                    }[a[1]])f.d |= 32, h.b.a.et = 93, h.b.a.ep = a, h.b.h()
            }, _trackRTPageview: function (b) {
                b =
                    b[1];
                d.e(b, "Object") && (a(b), b = g.stringify(b), 512 >= encodeURIComponent(b).length && (f.d |= 64, h.b.a.rt = b))
            }, _trackRTEvent: function (b) {
                b = b[1];
                if (d.e(b, "Object")) {
                    a(b);
                    b = encodeURIComponent(g.stringify(b));
                    var e = function (a) {
                        var b = h.b.a.rt;
                        f.d |= 128;
                        h.b.a.et = 90;
                        h.b.a.rt = a;
                        h.b.h();
                        h.b.a.rt = b
                    }, l = b.length;
                    if (900 >= l)e.call(this, b); else for (var l = Math.ceil(l / 900), s = "block|" + Math.round(Math.random() * n.l).toString(16) + "|" + l + "|", t = [], u = 0; u < l; u++)t.push(u), t.push(b.substring(900 * u, 900 * u + 900)), e.call(this, s + t.join("|")),
                        t = []
                }
            }, _setUserId: function (a) {
                a = a[1];
                if (d.e(a, "String") || d.e(a, "Number")) {
                    var b = h.b.G(), g = "hm-" + h.b.a.v;
                    f.V = f.V || Math.round(Math.random() * n.l);
                    e.log("//datax.baidu.com/x.gif?si=" + c.id + "&dm=" + encodeURIComponent(b) + "&ac=" + encodeURIComponent(a) + "&v=" + g + "&li=" + f.V + "&rnd=" + Math.round(Math.random() * n.l))
                }
            }
        };
        f.init();
        h.ba = f;
        return h.ba
    })();

    (function () {
        function a() {
            "undefined" == typeof window["_bdhm_loaded_" + c.id] && (window["_bdhm_loaded_" + c.id] = p, this.a = {}, this.H = r, this.init())
        }

        var b = mt.url, e = mt.M, d = mt.B, g = mt.lang, n = mt.cookie, l = mt.i, f = mt.localStorage, k = mt.sessionStorage, m = h.g, v = h.k;
        a.prototype = {
            I: function (a, b) {
                a = "." + a.replace(/:\d+/, "");
                b = "." + b.replace(/:\d+/, "");
                var d = a.indexOf(b);
                return -1 < d && d + b.length == a.length
            }, U: function (a, b) {
                a = a.replace(/^https?:\/\//, "");
                return 0 === a.indexOf(b)
            }, t: function (a) {
                for (var d = 0; d < c.dm.length; d++)if (-1 <
                    c.dm[d].indexOf("/")) {
                    if (this.U(a, c.dm[d]))return p
                } else {
                    var e = b.R(a);
                    if (e && this.I(e, c.dm[d]))return p
                }
                return r
            }, G: function () {
                for (var a = document.location.hostname, b = 0, d = c.dm.length; b < d; b++)if (this.I(a, c.dm[b]))return c.dm[b].replace(/(:\d+)?[\/\?#].*/, "");
                return a
            }, Q: function () {
                for (var a = 0, b = c.dm.length; a < b; a++) {
                    var d = c.dm[a];
                    if (-1 < d.indexOf("/") && this.U(document.location.href, d))return d.replace(/^[^\/]+(\/.*)/, "$1") + "/"
                }
                return "/"
            }, ta: function () {
                if (!document.referrer)return m.j - m.p > c.vdur ? 1 : 4;
                var a =
                    r;
                this.t(document.referrer) && this.t(document.location.href) ? a = p : (a = b.R(document.referrer), a = this.I(a || "", document.location.hostname));
                return a ? m.j - m.p > c.vdur ? 1 : 4 : 3
            }, getData: function (a) {
                try {
                    return n.get(a) || k.get(a) || f.get(a)
                } catch (b) {
                }
            }, setData: function (a, b, d) {
                try {
                    n.set(a, b, {domain: this.G(), path: this.Q(), F: d}), d ? f.set(a, b, d) : k.set(a, b)
                } catch (e) {
                }
            }, Da: function (a) {
                try {
                    n.set(a, "", {domain: this.G(), path: this.Q(), F: -1}), k.remove(a), f.remove(a)
                } catch (b) {
                }
            }, Ha: function () {
                var a, b, d, e, f;
                m.p = this.getData("Hm_lpvt_" +
                c.id) || 0;
                13 == m.p.length && (m.p = Math.round(m.p / 1E3));
                b = this.ta();
                a = 4 != b ? 1 : 0;
                if (d = this.getData("Hm_lvt_" + c.id)) {
                    e = d.split(",");
                    for (f = e.length - 1; 0 <= f; f--)13 == e[f].length && (e[f] = "" + Math.round(e[f] / 1E3));
                    for (; 2592E3 < m.j - e[0];)e.shift();
                    f = 4 > e.length ? 2 : 3;
                    for (1 === a && e.push(m.j); 4 < e.length;)e.shift();
                    d = e.join(",");
                    e = e[e.length - 1]
                } else d = m.j, e = "", f = 1;
                this.setData("Hm_lvt_" + c.id, d, c.age);
                this.setData("Hm_lpvt_" + c.id, m.j);
                d = m.j == this.getData("Hm_lpvt_" + c.id) ? "1" : "0";
                if (0 === c.nv && this.t(document.location.href) &&
                    ("" === document.referrer || this.t(document.referrer)))a = 0, b = 4;
                this.a.nv = a;
                this.a.st = b;
                this.a.cc = d;
                this.a.lt = e;
                this.a.lv = f
            }, W: function () {
                for (var a = [], b = 0, d = m.X.length; b < d; b++) {
                    var e = m.X[b], f = this.a[e];
                    "undefined" != typeof f && "" !== f && a.push(e + "=" + encodeURIComponent(f))
                }
                b = this.a.et;
                this.a.rt && (0 === b ? a.push("rt=" + encodeURIComponent(this.a.rt)) : 90 === b && a.push("rt=" + this.a.rt));
                return a.join("&")
            }, Ia: function () {
                this.Ha();
                this.a.si = c.id;
                this.a.su = document.referrer;
                this.a.ds = l.Ea;
                this.a.cl = l.colorDepth + "-bit";
                this.a.ln = l.language;
                this.a.ja = l.javaEnabled ? 1 : 0;
                this.a.ck = l.cookieEnabled ? 1 : 0;
                this.a.lo = "number" == typeof _bdhm_top ? 1 : 0;
                this.a.fl = d.ua();
                this.a.v = "1.0.75";
                this.a.cv = decodeURIComponent(this.getData("Hm_cv_" + c.id) || "");
                1 == this.a.nv && (this.a.tt = document.title || "");
                var a = document.location.href;
                this.a.cm = b.o(a, m.xa) || "";
                this.a.cp = b.o(a, m.ya) || "";
                this.a.cw = b.o(a, m.wa) || "";
                this.a.ci = b.o(a, m.va) || "";
                this.a.cf = b.o(a, m.za) || ""
            }, init: function () {
                try {
                    this.Ia(), 0 === this.a.nv ? this.Ga() : this.L(".*"), h.b = this, this.ca(),
                        v.s("pv-b"), this.Fa()
                } catch (a) {
                    var b = [];
                    b.push("si=" + c.id);
                    b.push("n=" + encodeURIComponent(a.name));
                    b.push("m=" + encodeURIComponent(a.message));
                    b.push("r=" + encodeURIComponent(document.referrer));
                    e.log(m.protocol + "//" + m.K + "?" + b.join("&"))
                }
            }, Fa: function () {
                function a() {
                    v.s("pv-d")
                }

                "undefined" === typeof window._bdhm_autoPageview || window._bdhm_autoPageview === p ? (this.H = p, this.a.et = 0, this.a.ep = "", this.h(a)) : a()
            }, h: function (a) {
                var b = this;
                b.a.rnd = Math.round(Math.random() * m.l);
                v.s("stag-b");
                var d = m.protocol + "//" +
                    m.K + "?" + b.W();
                v.s("stag-d");
                b.$(d);
                e.log(d, function (d) {
                    b.L(d);
                    g.e(a, "Function") && a.call(b)
                })
            }, ca: function () {
                var a = document.location.hash.substring(1), d = RegExp(c.id), e = -1 < document.referrer.indexOf(m.aa) ? p : r, f = b.o(a, "jn"), g = /^heatlink$|^select$/.test(f);
                a && (d.test(a) && e && g) && (a = document.createElement("script"), a.setAttribute("type", "text/javascript"), a.setAttribute("charset", "utf-8"), a.setAttribute("src", m.protocol + "//" + c.js + f + ".js?" + this.a.rnd), f = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0], f.parentNode.insertBefore(a,
                    f))
            }, $: function (a) {
                var b = k.get("Hm_unsent_" + c.id) || "", d = this.a.u ? "" : "&u=" + encodeURIComponent(document.location.href), b = encodeURIComponent(a.replace(/^https?:\/\//, "") + d) + (b ? "," + b : "");
                k.set("Hm_unsent_" + c.id, b)
            }, L: function (a) {
                var b = k.get("Hm_unsent_" + c.id) || "";
                b && ((b = b.replace(RegExp(encodeURIComponent(a.replace(/^https?:\/\//, "")).replace(/([\*\(\)])/g, "\\$1") + "(%26u%3D[^,]*)?,?", "g"), "").replace(/,$/, "")) ? k.set("Hm_unsent_" + c.id, b) : k.remove("Hm_unsent_" + c.id))
            }, Ga: function () {
                var a = this, b = k.get("Hm_unsent_" +
                c.id);
                if (b)for (var b = b.split(","), d = function (b) {
                    e.log(m.protocol + "//" + decodeURIComponent(b).replace(/^https?:\/\//, ""), function (b) {
                        a.L(b)
                    })
                }, f = 0, g = b.length; f < g; f++)d(b[f])
            }
        };
        return new a
    })();

    var w = h.g, x = h.load;
    if (c.apps) {
        var z = [w.protocol, "//ers.baidu.com/app/s.js?"];
        z.push(c.apps);
        x(z.join(""))
    }

    var C = h.g, D = h.load;
    if (c.conv && "http:" === C.protocol) {
        var E = ["http://page.baidu.com/conversion_js.php?sid="];
        E.push(c.conv);
        D(E.join(""))
    }

    var F = h.g, G = h.load;

    c.lxb && G([F.protocol, "//lxbjs.baidu.com/lxb.js?sid=", c.lxb].join(""));

    var H = h.load, I = h.g.protocol;
    if (c.qiao) {
        for (var J = [I + "//goutong.baidu.com/site/"], K = c.id, L = 5381, M = K.length, N = 0; N < M; N++)L = (33 * L + Number(K.charCodeAt(N))) % 4294967296;
        2147483648 < L && (L -= 2147483648);
        J.push(L % 1E3 + "/");
        J.push(c.id + "/b.js");
        J.push("?siteId=" + c.qiao);
        H(J.join(""))
    }
    ;

    console.log(H);


})();

怪我咯
怪我咯

走同样的路,发现不同的人生

모든 응답(4)
大家讲道理

正好之前也做过一点类似的东西,因为好久没关注,所以可能也会有问题大家一起讨论:
- 百度的js可以为你的网站生成一个唯一的uuid保存在cookie里所以如果cookie清了的话单凭这个uuid是会被认为是新用户的,当然也可是使用用户id之类的唯一标识
- 记录页面使用时长的其实还是比较麻烦的,之前考虑过使用onbeforeunload,但是因为部分浏览器不支持,所以不具有普遍性,第二种方法是在第二次发送数据的时候发送refer的使用时长。
- 百度不收地域信息,因为后台程序可以根据请求头来获得ip还有浏览器信息等,至于地域信息,有个叫ip库的东西。
- 3,5是同一个问题,就是通过请求这张小图片来提交数据的,楼上已经说了:))
- 至于安全,可能后台接收数据会有一个规则,不符合这个规则的就不会入库。

Peter_Zhu

1,基本对了
2,IP是在你请求百度服务器的时候,后台来获取的,根据IP可以得到地域信息
3,new Image().src,请求是通过GET模式发送的,通过请求1x1的图片,在querystring中带参数(搜“new Image”)
4,不懂,应该没做频率限制,只是在最后日志入库之前做了数据清洗
5,看第3点

左手右手慢动作

这几天一直在研究这个,也找到了相关链接,记录下来方便大家查看。

http://www.chinaz.com/web/2012/1012/278119.shtml

http://blog.csdn.net/fudesign2008/article/details/6772108

http://blog.csdn.net/iqzq123/article/details/8877645?

谷歌分析:http://www.biaodianfu.com/google-analytics-architecture.html

http://oldj.net/article/one-thing-to-notice-about-new-image/

Ty80

我的网站

为什么数据相差那么大!!
我的个人网站 http://www.zhoulujun.cn/

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