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财富杂志:谷歌为何不会盛极而衰
遭遇潜在问题
将继续垄断搜索
沁园春·长沙
Rumah hujung hadapan web html tutorial HTML网页各种字体格式的细节修饰_HTML/Xhtml_网页制作

HTML网页各种字体格式的细节修饰_HTML/Xhtml_网页制作

May 16, 2016 pm 04:43 PM
br html fon watak Label Format terperinci laman web


本节从文字的细节修饰入手,使读者能把握HTML的各种字体格式的变化,制作出更为专业的网页。
4.2 文字的多样化修饰
上一节学习了大块段落的各种设置,对于文字本身修饰似乎更加吸引人。本节从文字的细节修饰入手,使读者能把握HTML的各种字体格式的变化,制作出更为专业的网页。
4.2.1 文字样式设置的基本标签—
设置字体样式的基本标签是,被其包含的文本为样式作用区。在初学者的HTML代码编写中,容易被多重嵌套,如文本。还有一种情况是标签嵌套错位,如

文本

。为了规范代码的编写,避免不必要的错误,读者在初学时一定要谨慎。
4.2.2 设置文字的颜色
color是标签的属性之一,用于设置文字颜色。在D:\web\目录下创建网页文件,命名为font_color.htm,编写代码如代码4.7所示。
代码4.7 字体颜色的设置:font_color.htm


字体颜色的设置


浅红色文字:HTML学习的本质就是该是什么就用什么

深红色文字:HTML学习的本质就是该是什么就用什么

浅绿色文字:HTML学习的本质就是该是什么就用什么

深绿色文字:HTML学习的本质就是该是什么就用什么

浅蓝色文字:HTML学习的本质就是该是什么就用什么

深蓝色文字:HTML学习的本质就是该是什么就用什么

浅黄色文字:HTML学习的本质就是该是什么就用什么

深黄色文字:HTML学习的本质就是该是什么就用什么

浅青色文字:HTML学习的本质就是该是什么就用什么

深青色文字:HTML学习的本质就是该是什么就用什么

浅紫色文字:HTML学习的本质就是该是什么就用什么

深紫色文字:HTML学习的本质就是该是什么就用什么



在浏览器地址栏输入http://localhost/font_color.htm,浏览效果如图4.7所示。

图4.7 字体颜色的设置
读者不但可以从代码4.7中学到color属性在font标签中的用法,还可以熟悉各种颜色的表示方法。
4.2.3 设置文字的尺寸
size也是标签的属性,用于设置文字大小。size的值为1-7,默认为3。我们可以size 属性值之前加上“+”、“-”字符,来指定相对于字号初始值的增量或减量。在D:\web\目录下创建网页文件,命名为font_size.htm,编写代码如代码4.8所示。
代码4.8 字体尺寸的设置:font_size.htm


字体尺寸的设置


size为1:HTML学习

size为2:HTML学习

size为3:HTML学习

size为4:HTML学习

size为5:HTML学习

size为6:HTML学习

size为7:HTML学习



在浏览器地址栏输入http://localhost/font_size.htm,浏览效果如图4.8所示。

图4.8 字体尺寸的设置
读者可尝试在size值前面加上“+”、“-”字符,更灵活地设置文字尺寸。
4.2.4 设置文字的字体
face也是标签的属性,用于设置文字字体(字型)。HTML网页中显示的字型从浏览端的系统中调用,所以为了保持字型一致,建议采用宋体,HTML页面也是默认采用宋体。在D:\web\目录下创建网页文件,命名为font_face.htm,编写代码如代码4.9所示。
代码4.9 字体字型的设置:font_face.htm


字体字型的设置


字型为宋体:沁园春·长沙-毛泽东

字型为楷体:沁园春·长沙-毛泽东

字型为黑体:沁园春·长沙-毛泽东

字型为隶书:沁园春·长沙-毛泽东


在浏览器地址栏输入http://localhost/font_face.htm,浏览效果如图4.9所示。

图4.9 字体字型的设置
笔者把被修改字型部分的文字尺寸设置为5号,方便读者查看。
4.2.5 使文字倾斜
用双标签可使被作用文字倾斜,达到特殊的效果,例如文章的日期。被称为强调标签,也是斜体,目前使用比标签更频繁,其编写方法如下:
这是斜体文字
这也是斜体文字
4.2.6 使文字加粗
用双标签可使被作用文字加粗,是文字更加醒目,例如文章的标题部分。被称为特别强调标签,也是文字加粗,目前使用比标签更频繁,其编写方法如下:
这是粗体文字
这也是粗体文字
4.2.7 给文字加下划线
用双标签可添加下划线到被作用文字。以下为文字倾斜、加粗和下划线的综合示例。在D:\web\目录下创建网页文件,命名为font_style.htm,编写代码如代码4.10所示。
代码4.10 文字修饰的设置:font_style.htm


字体修饰的设置


斜体:沁园春·长沙-毛泽东

加粗体:沁园春·长沙-毛泽东

下划线:沁园春·长沙-毛泽东

斜体 加粗体 下划线:沁园春·长沙-毛泽东



在浏览器地址栏输入http://localhost/font_style.htm,浏览效果如图4.10所示。

图4.10 字体修饰的设置
笔者把内的所有文字尺寸设置为5号,方便读者查看。
— 注意:在多个标签包含同一块文字时,其包含顺序不能错位。
4.2.8 多种标题样式的使用
网页的文章中,为了凸显标题的重要性,标题的样式比较特殊。HTML技术保护了一套针对标题的样式标签,分别为双标签

,文字尺寸从大到小代表不同级别的标题。标题标签有一个特点,独占一行、文字加粗、文字居中。这样,在设置标题的时候就很轻松了,并且可设多级标题。在D:\web\目录下创建网页文件,命名为font_h.htm,编写代码如代码4.11所示。
代码4.11 标题的设置:font_h.htm


标题的设置


一号标题


二号标题


三号标题


四号标题


五号标题

六号标题

财富杂志:谷歌为何不会盛极而衰


   

遭遇潜在问题


  

    一些业内人士认为,长期垄断互联网搜索和广告市场谷歌可能会盛极而衰。...与此同时,谷歌近日推出的多项新计划,例如开放手机联盟、社交网站通用平台OpenSocial、以及可能投资数十亿美元竞购无线频段,也遭到了广泛的质疑。
  

将继续垄断搜索


  

    最近有一些文章称,如果出现更好的搜索引擎,人们会毫不犹豫地放弃谷歌。但是,即使真有更好的搜索引擎出现,谷歌仍然可以在一段时间内屹立不倒。...在这种情况下,网站速度往往会成为决定胜负的关键。




在浏览器地址栏输入http://localhost/font_h.htm,浏览效果如图4.11所示。

图4.11 标题的设置
4.2.9 学会处理网页中的特殊字符
在HTML中,有一些字符有特殊含义,例如“”是标签的左括号和右括号,而标签是控制HTML显示的,标签本身只能被浏览器解析,并不能在页面中显示。那么,该怎样在HTML中显示“”呢?HTML规定了一些特殊字符的写法,以便在网页中显示,如表4.1所示。
表4.1 HTML中的特殊字符

特殊符号
HTML代码
特殊符号
HTML代码
<
™(商标符号)

>
>
®(注册符号)
®
“”(英文半角)
"
×
×
§
§
©(版权符号)
©
在D:\web\目录下创建网页文件,命名为string.htm,编写string.htm代码如代码4.12所示。
代码4.12 特殊字符的设置:string.htm


特殊字符的设置



标签的显示方法:

引号的显示方法:"英文半角双引号"

商标的显示方法:™

注册符号的显示方法:®

版权符号的显示方法:©

显示§

显示×



在浏览器地址栏输入http://localhost/string.htm,浏览效果如图4.12所示。

图4.12 特殊字符的设置
— 说明:单独显示符号&必须用代码&。
4.2.10 如何更方便地忽略浏览器对部分HTML的解析
如果在网页中作一个类似本书的HTML代码示例,恐怕得把所有的转换成<和>,显得比较麻烦。HTML代码中的和<xmp></xmp>可以轻松解决这个问题。 <br><plaintext>是单标签,它插入到HTML代码中时,其后面的所有HTML标签全部失效,即浏览器对<plaintext>后面所有的HTML标签不作解析,直接在页面上显示。 <br><xmp></xmp>是双标签,它只使其包含的内容中的标签失效,<xmp></xmp>的使用更为普遍。在D:\web\目录下创建网页文件,命名为html.htm,编写代码如代码4.13所示。 <br>代码4.13 忽略标签的设置:html.htm <br> <br> <br> <title>忽略标签的设置</title> <br> <br> <br><h2 id="沁园春-长沙">沁园春·长沙</h2> <br><xmp>独立寒秋,<strong>湘江北去</strong>,橘子洲头。 <br>看万山红遍,层林尽染; <br>漫江碧透,<u>百舸争流。</u> <br></xmp> <br>鹰击长空,<strong>鱼翔浅底,</strong> <br>万类霜天竞自由。 <br>怅寥廓,<u>问苍茫大地</u>,谁主沉浮?<br> <br><plaintext> <br>携来百侣曾游,<br>忆往昔峥嵘岁月稠。 <br> 恰同学少年,风华正茂; <br> 书生意气,挥斥方遒。 <br> 指点江山,激扬文字, <br> 粪土当年万户侯。 <br> 曾记否,<strong>到中流击水</strong>,浪遏飞舟! <br> <br> <br>在浏览器地址栏输入http://localhost/string.htm,浏览效果如图4.13所示。 <br><img src="/static/imghw/default1.png" data-src="http://files.jb51.net/file_images/web/2009422058213177807.jpg" class="lazy" style="max-width:90%" alt="" style="max-width:90%"> <br>图4.13 忽略标签的设置 <br><strong>4.2.11 其他文字修饰方法</strong> <br>为了满足不同领域的需要,HTML还有其他修饰文字的标签。比较常用的有上标格式标签和下标格式标签。某些场合甚至要用到删除效果,即可用HTML的中划线标签。 <br>— 上标格式标签为双标签<sup></sup>,多用于数学指数的表示,比如某个数的平方或立方。 <br>— 下标格式标签为双标签<sub></sub>,多用于注释,以及数学的底数表示。 <br>— 中划线标签为双标签<strike></strike>,多用于删除效果。 <br>在D:\web\目录下创建网页文件,命名为other.htm,编写代码如代码4.14所示。 <br>代码4.14 其他修饰标签的设置:other.htm <br> <br> <br> <title>其他修饰标签的设置</title> <br> <br> <br><font size="5"> <br>沁园春<sup>长沙</sup>!<br> <br>数学指数的表示:2<sup>3</sup>=8、100<sup>2</sup>=10000<br><hr> <br>沁园春<sub>长沙</sub>!<br> <br>数学底数的表示:log<sub>3</sub>81=4、log<sub>5</sub>125=3<br><hr> <br>删除效果:<strike>我被删除了</strike> <br></font> <br> <br> <br>在浏览器地址栏输入http://localhost/other.htm,浏览效果如图4.14所示。 <br><img src="/static/imghw/default1.png" data-src="http://files.jb51.net/file_images/web/2009422058217877808.jpg" class="lazy" style="max-width:90%" alt="" style="max-width:90%"> <br>图4.14 其他修饰标签的设置 </plaintext></plaintext></plaintext></plaintext> </div> </div> <div class="wzconShengming_sp"> <div class="bzsmdiv_sp">Kenyataan Laman Web ini</div> <div>Kandungan artikel ini disumbangkan secara sukarela oleh netizen, dan hak cipta adalah milik pengarang asal. 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