varchar所占内存的影响 测试
准备数据 sysbench --test=oltp --oltp-nontrx-mode=update_key --mysql-table-engine=innodb --oltp-table-size=1000000 --mysql-socket=/tmp/mysql3392.sock --mysql-user=dba --mysql-host=localhost --mysql-password=localdba --db-driver=mysql --mysq
准备数据
sysbench --test=oltp --oltp-nontrx-mode=update_key --mysql-table-engine=innodb --oltp-table-size=1000000 --mysql-socket=/tmp/mysql3392.sock --mysql-user=dba --mysql-host=localhost --mysql-password=localdba --db-driver=mysql --mysql-db=test prepare
mysql> desc sbtest;
+-------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| k | int(10) unsigned | NO | MUL | 0 | |
| c | char(120) | NO | | | |
| pad | char(60) | NO | | | |
+-------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
mysql> select count(c) from sbtest;
+----------+
| count(c) |
+----------+
| 1000000 |
+----------+
char的情况下:::
mysql> desc select * from sbtest order by pad;
+----+-------------+--------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+---------+----------------+
| id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra |
+----+-------------+--------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+---------+----------------+
| 1 | SIMPLE | sbtest | ALL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 1000126 | Using filesort |
+----+-------------+--------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+---------+----------------+
mysql> set profiling = 1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select count(*) from sbtest order by pad;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
| 1000000 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.53 sec)
mysql> show profiles;
+----------+------------+------------------------------------------+
| Query_ID | Duration | Query |
+----------+------------+------------------------------------------+
| 1 | 0.53102850 | select count(*) from sbtest order by pad |
+----------+------------+------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)
mysql> show profile cpu,block io for query 1;
+----------------------+----------+----------+------------+--------------+---------------+
| Status | Duration | CPU_user | CPU_system | Block_ops_in | Block_ops_out |
+----------------------+----------+----------+------------+--------------+---------------+
| starting | 0.000127 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| checking permissions | 0.000017 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| Opening tables | 0.000042 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| System lock | 0.000022 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| init | 0.000038 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| optimizing | 0.000011 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| statistics | 0.000022 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| preparing | 0.000017 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| executing | 0.000014 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| Sending data | 0.530471 | 0.502923 | 0.018997 | 32 | 0 |
| end | 0.000034 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| query end | 0.000010 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| closing tables | 0.000025 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| freeing items | 0.000037 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| logging slow query | 0.000004 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| logging slow query | 0.000128 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 8 |
| cleaning up | 0.000012 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
+----------------------+----------+----------+------------+--------------+---------------+
/////char change to varchar
mysql> alter table sbtest change pad pad varchar(60);
Query OK, 1000000 rows affected (10.72 sec)
Records: 1000000 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> select pad from sbtest limit 30;
+----------------------------------------------------+
| pad |
+----------------------------------------------------+
| qqqqqqqqqqwwwwwwwwwweeeeeeeeeerrrrrrrrrrtttttttttt |
| qqqqqqqqqqwwwwwwwwwweeeeeeeeeerrrrrrrrrrtttttttttt |
| qqqqqqqqqqwwwwwwwwwweeeeeeeeeerrrrrrrrrrtttttttttt |
| qqqqqqqqqqwwwwwwwwwweeeeeeeeeerrrrrrrrrrtttttttttt |
| qqqqqqqqqqwwwwwwwwwweeeeeeeeeerrrrrrrrrrtttttttttt |
| qqqqqqqqqqwwwwwwwwwweeeeeeeeeerrrrrrrrrrtttttttttt |
| qqqqqqqqqqwwwwwwwwwweeeeeeeeeerrrrrrrrrrtttttttttt |
| qqqqqqqqqqwwwwwwwwwweeeeeeeeeerrrrrrrrrrtttttttttt |
| qqqqqqqqqqwwwwwwwwwweeeeeeeeeerrrrrrrrrrtttttttttt |
| qqqqqqqqqqwwwwwwwwwweeeeeeeeeerrrrrrrrrrtttttttttt |
| qqqqqqqqqqwwwwwwwwwweeeeeeeeeerrrrrrrrrrtttttttttt |
| qqqqqqqqqqwwwwwwwwwweeeeeeeeeerrrrrrrrrrtttttttttt |
| qqqqqqqqqqwwwwwwwwwweeeeeeeeeerrrrrrrrrrtttttttttt |
| qqqqqqqqqqwwwwwwwwwweeeeeeeeeerrrrrrrrrrtttttttttt |
| qqqqqqqqqqwwwwwwwwwweeeeeeeeeerrrrrrrrrrtttttttttt |
| qqqqqqqqqqwwwwwwwwwweeeeeeeeeerrrrrrrrrrtttttttttt |
| qqqqqqqqqqwwwwwwwwwweeeeeeeeeerrrrrrrrrrtttttttttt |
mysql> desc sbtest;
+-------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| k | int(10) unsigned | NO | MUL | 0 | |
| c | char(120) | NO | | | |
| pad | varchar(60) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
================无索引的情况下:=====================
varchar(60)的情况下:
mysql> desc select * from sbtest order by pad;
+----+-------------+--------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+---------+----------------+
| id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra |
+----+-------------+--------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+---------+----------------+
| 1 | SIMPLE | sbtest | ALL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 1000117 | Using filesort |
+----+-------------+--------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+---------+----------------+
mysql> select count(*) from sbtest order by pad;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
| 1000000 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.51 sec)
mysql> show profile cpu,block io for query 11;
+----------------------+----------+----------+------------+--------------+---------------+
| Status | Duration | CPU_user | CPU_system | Block_ops_in | Block_ops_out |
+----------------------+----------+----------+------------+--------------+---------------+
| starting | 0.000081 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| checking permissions | 0.000014 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| Opening tables | 0.000033 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| System lock | 0.000025 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| init | 0.000028 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| optimizing | 0.000009 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| statistics | 0.000019 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| preparing | 0.000013 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| executing | 0.000011 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| Sending data | 0.506327 | 0.489925 | 0.018997 | 0 | 0 |
| end | 0.000026 | 0.001000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| query end | 0.000010 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| closing tables | 0.000022 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| freeing items | 0.000034 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| logging slow query | 0.000003 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| logging slow query | 0.000114 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 8 |
| cleaning up | 0.000009 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
+----------------------+----------+----------+------------+--------------+---------------+
varchar(120)的情况下:
mysql> alter table sbtest change pad pad varchar(120);
Query OK, 1000000 rows affected (11.77 sec)
Records: 1000000 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> desc sbtest;
+-------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| k | int(10) unsigned | NO | MUL | 0 | |
| c | char(120) | NO | | | |
| pad | varchar(120) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
mysql> desc select * from sbtest;
+----+-------------+--------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+---------+-------+
| id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra |
+----+-------------+--------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+---------+-------+
| 1 | SIMPLE | sbtest | ALL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 1000117 | |
+----+-------------+--------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+---------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> desc select count(*) from sbtest;
+----+-------------+--------+-------+---------------+------+---------+------+---------+-------------+
| id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra |
+----+-------------+--------+-------+---------------+------+---------+------+---------+-------------+
| 1 | SIMPLE | sbtest | index | NULL | k | 4 | NULL | 1000117 | Using index |
+----+-------------+--------+-------+---------------+------+---------+------+---------+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select count(*) from sbtest order by pad;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
| 1000000 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.51 sec)
mysql> show profile cpu,block io for query 17;
+----------------------+----------+----------+------------+--------------+---------------+
| Status | Duration | CPU_user | CPU_system | Block_ops_in | Block_ops_out |
+----------------------+----------+----------+------------+--------------+---------------+
| starting | 0.000073 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| checking permissions | 0.000013 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| Opening tables | 0.000031 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| System lock | 0.000024 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| init | 0.000026 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| optimizing | 0.000008 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| statistics | 0.000019 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| preparing | 0.000013 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| executing | 0.000011 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| Sending data | 0.510981 | 0.491925 | 0.018997 | 0 | 0 |
| end | 0.000025 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| query end | 0.000013 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| closing tables | 0.000026 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| freeing items | 0.000039 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| logging slow query | 0.000004 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| logging slow query | 0.000110 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 8 |
| cleaning up | 0.000007 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
+----------------------+----------+----------+------------+--------------+---------------+
================有索引的情况下:=====================
alter table sbtest change pad pad varchar(60);
mysql> alter table sbtest add key(pad);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (7.60 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> show index from sbtest;
+--------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
| Table | Non_unique | Key_name | Seq_in_index | Column_name | Collation | Cardinality | Sub_part | Packed | Null | Index_type | Comment | Index_comment |
+--------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
| sbtest | 0 | PRIMARY | 1 | id | A | 1000117 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| sbtest | 1 | k | 1 | k | A | 6 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| sbtest | 1 | pad | 1 | pad | A | 200 | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE | | |
+--------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
varchar(60)
mysql> desc select count(*) from sbtest order by pad;
+----+-------------+--------+-------+---------------+------+---------+------+---------+-------------+
| id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra |
+----+-------------+--------+-------+---------------+------+---------+------+---------+-------------+
| 1 | SIMPLE | sbtest | index | NULL | pad | 183 | NULL | 1000117 | Using index |
+----+-------------+--------+-------+---------------+------+---------+------+---------+-------------+
mysql> select count(*) from sbtest order by pad;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
| 1000000 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.44 sec)
mysql> show profile cpu,block io for query 1
-> ;
+----------------------+----------+----------+------------+--------------+---------------+
| Status | Duration | CPU_user | CPU_system | Block_ops_in | Block_ops_out |
+----------------------+----------+----------+------------+--------------+---------------+
| starting | 0.000115 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| checking permissions | 0.000017 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| Opening tables | 0.000043 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| System lock | 0.000023 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| init | 0.000038 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| optimizing | 0.000010 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| statistics | 0.000024 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| preparing | 0.000018 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| executing | 0.000015 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| Sending data | 0.445040 | 0.428935 | 0.015998 | 0 | 0 |
| end | 0.000023 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| query end | 0.000013 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| closing tables | 0.000028 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| freeing items | 0.000041 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| logging slow query | 0.000003 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| logging slow query | 0.000133 | 0.000000 | 0.001000 | 0 | 8 |
| cleaning up | 0.000008 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
+----------------------+----------+----------+------------+--------------+---------------+
varchar(120)的:
mysql> alter table sbtest change pad pad varchar(120);
Query OK, 1000000 rows affected (14.56 sec)
Records: 1000000 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> show index from sbtest;
+--------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
| Table | Non_unique | Key_name | Seq_in_index | Column_name | Collation | Cardinality | Sub_part | Packed | Null | Index_type | Comment | Index_comment |
+--------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
| sbtest | 0 | PRIMARY | 1 | id | A | 1000117 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| sbtest | 1 | k | 1 | k | A | 6 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| sbtest | 1 | pad | 1 | pad | A | 24 | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE | | |
+--------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
这里开始有区别了.Cardinality 从200降到24
varchar(120) Cardinality =200
varchar(60) Cardinality =40 ... 字段是全部60char长度的
mysql> desc select count(*) from sbtest order by pad;
+----+-------------+--------+-------+---------------+------+---------+------+---------+-------------+
| id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra |
+----+-------------+--------+-------+---------------+------+---------+------+---------+-------------+
| 1 | SIMPLE | sbtest | index | NULL | pad | 363 | NULL | 1000117 | Using index |
+----+-------------+--------+-------+---------------+------+---------+------+---------+-------------+
mysql> select count(*) from sbtest order by pad;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
| 1000000 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.45 sec)
mysql> show profile cpu,block io for query 8;
+----------------------+----------+----------+------------+--------------+---------------+
| Status | Duration | CPU_user | CPU_system | Block_ops_in | Block_ops_out |
+----------------------+----------+----------+------------+--------------+---------------+
| starting | 0.000120 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| checking permissions | 0.000017 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| Opening tables | 0.000046 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| System lock | 0.000028 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| init | 0.000038 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| optimizing | 0.000011 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| statistics | 0.000023 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| preparing | 0.000018 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| executing | 0.000013 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| Sending data | 0.452434 | 0.437933 | 0.014998 | 0 | 0 |
| end | 0.000025 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| query end | 0.000010 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| closing tables | 0.000023 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| freeing items | 0.000033 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| logging slow query | 0.000003 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
| logging slow query | 0.000098 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 8 |
| cleaning up | 0.000007 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0 | 0 |
+----------------------+----------+----------+------------+--------------+---------------+
这里也有区别了.有索引的情况下,
是0.44 pk 0.45s
=====================================================================================================
加到varchar(600)试下
mysql> alter table sbtest change pad pad varchar(600);
Query OK, 1000000 rows affected, 2 warnings (14.60 sec)
Records: 1000000 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 2
mysql> desc select count(*) from sbtest order by pad;
+----+-------------+--------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+---------+-------+
| id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra |
+----+-------------+--------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+---------+-------+
| 1 | SIMPLE | sbtest | ALL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 1000117 | |
+----+-------------+--------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+---------+-------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> select count(*) from sbtest order by pad;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
| 1000000 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.50 sec)
600是0.5s....

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Menurut berita dari laman web ini pada 3 September, media Korea etnews melaporkan semalam (waktu tempatan) bahawa produk memori mudah alih berstruktur "seperti HBM" SK Hynix akan dikomersialkan selepas 2026. Sumber berkata bahawa kedua-dua gergasi memori Korea menganggap memori mudah alih bertindan sebagai sumber penting hasil masa hadapan dan merancang untuk mengembangkan "memori seperti HBM" kepada telefon pintar, tablet dan komputer riba untuk membekalkan kuasa untuk AI bahagian hujung. Menurut laporan sebelumnya di laman web ini, produk Samsung Electronics dipanggil memori LPWide I/O, dan SK Hynix memanggil teknologi ini VFO. Kedua-dua syarikat telah menggunakan laluan teknikal yang hampir sama, iaitu menggabungkan pembungkusan kipas dan saluran menegak. Memori LPWide I/O Samsung Electronics mempunyai sedikit lebar 512

Menurut berita dari laman web ini pada 6 Mei, Lexar melancarkan memori overclocking DDR57600CL36 siri Ares Wings of War Set 16GBx2 akan tersedia untuk pra-jualan pada 0:00 pada 7 Mei dengan deposit 50 yuan, dan harganya adalah. 1,299 yuan. Memori Lexar Wings of War menggunakan cip memori Hynix A-die, menyokong Intel XMP3.0 dan menyediakan dua pratetap overclocking berikut: 7600MT/s: CL36-46-46-961.4V8000MT/s: CL38-48-49 -1001.45V Dari segi pelesapan haba, set memori ini dilengkapi dengan jaket pelesapan haba aluminium setebal 1.8mm dan dilengkapi dengan pad gris silikon konduktif haba eksklusif PMIC. Memori menggunakan 8 manik LED kecerahan tinggi dan menyokong 13 mod pencahayaan RGB.

Video terbaru robot Tesla Optimus dikeluarkan, dan ia sudah boleh berfungsi di kilang. Pada kelajuan biasa, ia mengisih bateri (bateri 4680 Tesla) seperti ini: Pegawai itu juga mengeluarkan rupanya pada kelajuan 20x - pada "stesen kerja" kecil, memilih dan memilih dan memilih: Kali ini ia dikeluarkan Salah satu sorotan video itu ialah Optimus menyelesaikan kerja ini di kilang, sepenuhnya secara autonomi, tanpa campur tangan manusia sepanjang proses. Dan dari perspektif Optimus, ia juga boleh mengambil dan meletakkan bateri yang bengkok, memfokuskan pada pembetulan ralat automatik: Berkenaan tangan Optimus, saintis NVIDIA Jim Fan memberikan penilaian yang tinggi: Tangan Optimus adalah robot lima jari di dunia paling cerdik. Tangannya bukan sahaja boleh disentuh

Menurut berita dari tapak ini pada 7 Jun, GEIL melancarkan penyelesaian DDR5 terbaharunya di Pameran Komputer Antarabangsa Taipei 2024, dan menyediakan versi SO-DIMM, CUDIMM, CSODIMM, CAMM2 dan LPCAMM2 untuk dipilih. ▲Sumber gambar: Wccftech Seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam gambar, memori CAMM2/LPCAMM2 yang dipamerkan oleh Jinbang menggunakan reka bentuk yang sangat padat, boleh memberikan kapasiti maksimum 128GB, dan kelajuan sehingga 8533MT/s malah sesetengah produk ini boleh stabil pada platform AMDAM5 Overclocked kepada 9000MT/s tanpa sebarang penyejukan tambahan. Menurut laporan, memori siri Polaris RGBDDR5 Jinbang 2024 boleh menyediakan sehingga 8400
