以下的文章主要介绍的是如何在Linux下正确安装MySQL 5.1的实际操作步骤,我们首先是从下载MySQL数据库免安装版,即二进制版的软件(免费的),以下就是文章的具体内容的描述,望你浏览之后会有所收获。 1、下载MySQL免安装版/二进制版软件(不用编译) 文件
以下的文章主要介绍的是如何在Linux下正确安装MySQL 5.1的实际操作步骤,我们首先是从下载MySQL数据库免安装版,即二进制版的软件(免费的),以下就是文章的具体内容的描述,望你浏览之后会有所收获。
1、下载MySQL免安装版/二进制版软件(不用编译)
文件格式:MYSQL-VERSION-OS.tar.gz
2、创建MySQL组,建立MySQL用户并加入到mysql组中(不同版本的Unix中,groupadd和useradd的语法可能会稍有不同。)
1 2 3 4 | <ol class = "dp-xml" >
<li class = "alt" ><span><span>#groupadd mysql </span></span></li>
<li><span>#useradd -g mysql mysql </span></li>
</ol>
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3、进入目录/usr/local,解压缩免安装MySQL 5.1,并在此目录中建立名为mysql的软链接
1 2 3 4 5 6 | <ol class = "dp-xml" >
<li class = "alt" ><span><span>#cd /usr/local </span></span></li>
<li>
<span>#gunzip </span><span class = "tag" ><span> /path/to/MYSQL-VERSION-OS.tar.gz | tar xvf - </span></span>
</li>
</ol>
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(该命令会在本目录下创建一个名为MYSQL-VERSION-OS的新目录。)
(使用GNU tar,则不再需要gunzip。你可以直接用下面的命令来解包和提取分发:
1 2 3 4 | <ol class = "dp-xml" >
<li class = "alt" ><span><span>#</span><span class = "tag" >></span><span> tar zxvf /path/to/mysql-VERSION-OS.tar.gz) </span></span></li>
<li><span>#ln -s MYSQL-VERSION-OS mysql </span></li>
</ol>
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4、添加MySQL配置文件
如果你想要设置一个选项文件,使用support-files目录中的一个作为模板。在这个目录中有4个模板文件,是根据不同机器的内存定制的。
1 | <ol class = "dp-xml" ><li class = "alt" ><span><span>#cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf </span></span></li></ol>
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(可能你需要用root用户运行这些命令。)
5、设定目录访问权限,用mysql_install_db创建MySQL授权表初始化,并设置mysql,root帐号访问权限
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | <ol class = "dp-xml" >
<li class = "alt" ><span><span>#cd mysql </span></span></li>
<li><span># chown -R mysql . </span></li>
<li class = "alt" ><span># chgrp -R mysql . </span></li>
<li>
<span>#scripts/mysql_install_db –</span><span class = "attribute" >user</span><span>=</span><span class = "attribute-value" >mysql</span><span> </span>
</li>
<li class = "alt" ><span># chown -R root . </span></li>
<li><span># chown -R mysql data </span></li>
</ol>
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(注意以上命令中的” . “符号不能少。)
6、运行MySQL
1 | <ol class = "dp-xml" ><li class = "alt" ><span><span>#bin/mysqld_safe –</span><span class = "attribute" >user</span><span>=</span><span class = "attribute-value" >mysql</span><span> & </span></span></li></ol><br>
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(如果没有问题的话,应该会出现类似这样的提示:
1 2 3 4 | <ol class = "dp-xml" >
<li class = "alt" ><span><span>[1] 42264 </span></span></li>
<li><span># Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/ var </span></li>
</ol>
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如果出现 mysql ended这样的语句,表示Mysql没有正常启动,你可以到log中查找问题,Log文件的通常在/etc/my.cnf中配置。
大多数问题是权限设置不正确引起的。 )
7、设置root密码。默认安装MySQL 5.1密码为空,为了安全你需要修改密码
1 | <ol class = "dp-xml" ><li class = "alt" ><span><span>#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password yourpassword </span></span></li></ol>
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8、拷贝编译目录的一个脚本,设置开机自动启动
1 2 3 4 5 6 | <ol class = "dp-xml" >
<li class = "alt" ><span><span>#cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld </span></span></li>
<li><span># chmod 700 /etc/init.d/mysqld </span></li>
<li class = "alt" ><span>#chkconfig –add mysqld </span></li>
<li><span>#chkconfig –level 345 mysqld on </span></li>
</ol>
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9、启动mysqld服务
1 | <ol class = "dp-xml" ><li class = "alt" ><span><span>#service mysqld start </span></span></li></ol>
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10、查看3306端口是否打开。要注意在防火墙中开放该端口
1 | <ol class = "dp-xml" ><li class = "alt" ><span><span>#netstat -atln </span></span></li></ol>
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免安装版/二进制版安装MySQL 5.1基本命令概述:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 | <ol class = "dp-xml" >
<li class = "alt" ><span><span>shell</span><span class = "tag" >></span><span> groupadd mysql </span></span></li>
<li>
<span>shell</span><span class = "tag" >></span><span> useradd -g mysql mysql </span>
</li>
<li class = "alt" >
<span>shell</span><span class = "tag" >></span><span> cd /usr/local </span>
</li>
<li>
<span>shell</span><span class = "tag" >></span><span> gunzip </span><span class = "tag" ><span> /PATH/TO/MYSQL-VERSION-OS.tar.gz | tar xvf - </span></span>
</li>
<li class = "alt" >
<span>shell</span><span class = "tag" >></span><span> ln -s FULL-PATH-TO-MYSQL-VERSION-OS mysql </span>
</li>
<li>
<span>shell</span><span class = "tag" >></span><span> cd mysql </span>
</li>
<li class = "alt" >
<span>shell</span><span class = "tag" >></span><span> chown -R mysql . </span>
</li>
<li>
<span>shell</span><span class = "tag" >></span><span> chgrp -R mysql . </span>
</li>
<li class = "alt" >
<span>shell</span><span class = "tag" >></span><span> scripts/mysql_install_db –</span><span class = "attribute" >user</span><span>=</span><span class = "attribute-value" >mysql</span><span> </span>
</li>
<li>
<span>shell</span><span class = "tag" >></span><span> chown -R root . </span>
</li>
<li class = "alt" >
<span>shell</span><span class = "tag" >></span><span> chown -R mysql data </span>
</li>
<li>
<span>shell</span><span class = "tag" >></span><span> bin/mysqld_safe –</span><span class = "attribute" >user</span><span>=</span><span class = "attribute-value" >mysql</span><span> & </span>
</li>
</ol>
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以上的相关内容就是对Linux下安装MySQL 5.1的介绍,望你能有所收获。